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Verona Hetical And Public Health Concerns

MobileDiagnosis Non Profit Association
MobileDiagnosis Non Profit Association

This document analyzes referrals for diagnostic parasitology of immigrants and residents in Lampedusa Island, Italy. It finds high disproportion in medical services received, with immigrants receiving less attention. Parasitic infections were highly confirmed among immigrants, raising concerns for disease emergence or increased incidence. Ethical concerns are raised regarding restriction of immigrants' right to health and need for more attentive health screening and care, as well as reconsidering policies limiting this vulnerable population's access to medical services.

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Ethical and public health concerns based on the retrospective analysis of referrals for diagnostic parasitology of immigrants and autochtonous population in Lampedusa island (Italy) Livia Bellina - ASL 6 - Sicily Region Marcella Maugeri - ASL 6 - Sicily Region Eduardo Missoni - CERGAS, Bocconi University, Milano
How we started our collaboration the need to confirm a diagnosis of malaria; the first detected on Lampedusa Island, ever. Why not going for the easy solution? It is the best! Bellina L., Missoni E., Mobile cell-phones (M-phones) in telemicroscopy: increasing connectivity of isolated laboratories, Diagnostic Pathology 2009, 4:19 (19 June 2009)
The Method Analysis of the legal and procedural framework for immigrants care and right to health A retrospective review (January 2008- May 2009) of referral to Policlinic and to the clinical laboratory (only one in Lampedusa), with focus on parasitological diagnosis (blood, urine and stools) Comparison of data related to regular resident population (permanent and seasonal) and irregular immigrant (b看温岳-沿艶看沿鉛艶) population
WHO on immigrants health WHA Resolution 61.17 Health of migrants World Health Assembly CALLS UPON Member States: (1) to promote migrant-sensitive health policies; (2) to promote equitable access to health promotion, disease prevention and care for migrants, subject to national laws and practice, without discrimination on the basis of gender, age, religion, nationality or race; (3) to establish health information systems in order to assess and analyse trends in migrants鱈 health, disaggregating health information by relevant categories; (4) to devise mechanisms for improving the health of all populations, including migrants, in particular through identifying and filling gaps in health service delivery;
The Right to Health in Italy According to Italian Constitution, health is a fundamental right of the individual and (an) interest of the community (art. 32) political, economic and social solidarity are identified as intransgressible duties (art. 2).
Immigrants health care in the Italian Law Legislative Decree n.286/98 - the access to health services is granted to foreign citizens without permit and they cannot be reported to authority, but in the cases where this is foreseen also for Italian citizens Law n. 94 15.7.2009 criminalizes illegal immigration - debate about interpretation of its effect of LD n.286/98, obligation of Medical officers to report illegal immigrants Following Agreement with Lybia, Italy introduced a policy of returning boatloads of migrants to Libya before they can claim asylum. This policy was actively implemented starting in May 2009
Health care provision for irregular immigrants Medical personnel of the Malta Cross on board of military boats for immediate assistance to people rescued in open sea On arrival at the dock, first care managed by INMP and MSF (triage) in collaboration with the Management of the First aid and reception centers (CSPA): Identification and management of emergencies and non emergency conditions (subjective emergencies) Screening for cutaneous communicable disease Color codes assignment according to urgency and follow-up at the local Emergency and Policlinic, worst cases may be transferred by helicopter to Palermo
The resident population
The immigrant population b看温岳-沿艶看沿鉛艶
Medical care
Laboratory services
Referrals to laboratory services
Parasitological findings
Conclusions (1/2) The high disproportion between cases referred to health services between the resident population and irregular immigrants, as well as differences in the number of diagnostic services per attended patient highlights the scarce attention given to the latter. The high proportion of confirmed cases of parasitic infection shows the relevance of these diseases among the immigrant population and elicits concerns about the potential risk of the emergence or the increased incidence of communicable diseases in the island (oral-faecal route of transmission).
Conclusions (1/2) Ethical concerns The right to health of immigrant population is highly restricted Need for more attentive, comprehensive screening and health care provision to immigrant population Need to reconsider current immigration policies and official attitude which are in contrast with the right to health, not to mention feelings of human compassion.

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Verona Hetical And Public Health Concerns

  • 1. Ethical and public health concerns based on the retrospective analysis of referrals for diagnostic parasitology of immigrants and autochtonous population in Lampedusa island (Italy) Livia Bellina - ASL 6 - Sicily Region Marcella Maugeri - ASL 6 - Sicily Region Eduardo Missoni - CERGAS, Bocconi University, Milano
  • 2. How we started our collaboration the need to confirm a diagnosis of malaria; the first detected on Lampedusa Island, ever. Why not going for the easy solution? It is the best! Bellina L., Missoni E., Mobile cell-phones (M-phones) in telemicroscopy: increasing connectivity of isolated laboratories, Diagnostic Pathology 2009, 4:19 (19 June 2009)
  • 3. The Method Analysis of the legal and procedural framework for immigrants care and right to health A retrospective review (January 2008- May 2009) of referral to Policlinic and to the clinical laboratory (only one in Lampedusa), with focus on parasitological diagnosis (blood, urine and stools) Comparison of data related to regular resident population (permanent and seasonal) and irregular immigrant (b看温岳-沿艶看沿鉛艶) population
  • 4. WHO on immigrants health WHA Resolution 61.17 Health of migrants World Health Assembly CALLS UPON Member States: (1) to promote migrant-sensitive health policies; (2) to promote equitable access to health promotion, disease prevention and care for migrants, subject to national laws and practice, without discrimination on the basis of gender, age, religion, nationality or race; (3) to establish health information systems in order to assess and analyse trends in migrants鱈 health, disaggregating health information by relevant categories; (4) to devise mechanisms for improving the health of all populations, including migrants, in particular through identifying and filling gaps in health service delivery;
  • 5. The Right to Health in Italy According to Italian Constitution, health is a fundamental right of the individual and (an) interest of the community (art. 32) political, economic and social solidarity are identified as intransgressible duties (art. 2).
  • 6. Immigrants health care in the Italian Law Legislative Decree n.286/98 - the access to health services is granted to foreign citizens without permit and they cannot be reported to authority, but in the cases where this is foreseen also for Italian citizens Law n. 94 15.7.2009 criminalizes illegal immigration - debate about interpretation of its effect of LD n.286/98, obligation of Medical officers to report illegal immigrants Following Agreement with Lybia, Italy introduced a policy of returning boatloads of migrants to Libya before they can claim asylum. This policy was actively implemented starting in May 2009
  • 7. Health care provision for irregular immigrants Medical personnel of the Malta Cross on board of military boats for immediate assistance to people rescued in open sea On arrival at the dock, first care managed by INMP and MSF (triage) in collaboration with the Management of the First aid and reception centers (CSPA): Identification and management of emergencies and non emergency conditions (subjective emergencies) Screening for cutaneous communicable disease Color codes assignment according to urgency and follow-up at the local Emergency and Policlinic, worst cases may be transferred by helicopter to Palermo
  • 9. The immigrant population b看温岳-沿艶看沿鉛艶
  • 14. Conclusions (1/2) The high disproportion between cases referred to health services between the resident population and irregular immigrants, as well as differences in the number of diagnostic services per attended patient highlights the scarce attention given to the latter. The high proportion of confirmed cases of parasitic infection shows the relevance of these diseases among the immigrant population and elicits concerns about the potential risk of the emergence or the increased incidence of communicable diseases in the island (oral-faecal route of transmission).
  • 15. Conclusions (1/2) Ethical concerns The right to health of immigrant population is highly restricted Need for more attentive, comprehensive screening and health care provision to immigrant population Need to reconsider current immigration policies and official attitude which are in contrast with the right to health, not to mention feelings of human compassion.