This document is a slide deck promoting the Haiku Deck presentation tool and contains photos credited to various photographers. It encourages the viewer to create their own Haiku Deck presentation by getting started on 狠狠撸Share and sharing their work.
The document describes the electrical system configuration of an Airbus A320 aircraft. In normal configuration, external power can supply the AC and DC ground/flight buses directly without powering the entire aircraft network when only ground services are required. The document also outlines failure scenarios for individual engine generators, AC bus 1, and transformer rectifiers TR1 and TR2, as well as flight operations using only battery power on the ground or in flight at speeds under 50 knots.
1. Charging by friction is demonstrated using a plastic straw and tissue paper. Rubbing the straw with tissue gives it a static charge, causing small bits of paper to be attracted.
2. There are two types of electrical charges: positive and negative. Charge is measured in coulombs. Unlike charges attract and like charges repel according to Coulomb's law.
3. An electric field is a region where an electric charge would experience force. It is represented by electric field lines originating from positive charges and terminating on negative charges.
The document provides information about current, electromotive force, potential difference, and resistance. It defines key terms, provides equations, and examples of calculations. It describes:
- Current is the flow of charge measured in amperes. It is carried by the flow of electrons in a conductor.
- Electromotive force is the work done per unit charge to drive charge around a complete circuit. It is measured in volts.
- Potential difference is the work done per unit charge to move charge through a circuit component. It is also measured in volts.
- Resistance is the opposition to current flow. It is calculated as potential difference divided by current and measured in ohms.
Electricity can be used for heating, lighting, and powering motors. Heating elements get hot when electricity passes through, lighting works when the filament in a bulb is heated to glow, and motors use magnetic fields to convert electricity into rotational motion. Dangers of electricity include damaged insulation, overheating of cables from overloading or thin wires, and damp conditions allowing electricity to pass through water to a person's body. Proper and safe use of electricity in the home requires awareness of these hazards.
This document provides an introduction to various types of measuring instruments, including ammeters, voltmeters, multimeters, oscilloscopes, wattmeters, tachometers, signal generators, and LCR meters. Ammeters measure electrical current, voltmeters measure potential difference, and multimeters can measure voltage, current, and resistance. Oscilloscopes observe exact wave shapes, wattmeters measure electrical power, and tachometers measure rotational speed. Signal generators create electronic signals, and LCR meters measure inductance, capacitance, and resistance of components.
This document provides an overview of basics of electrical engineering including wires, cables, types of wires, three core wire, cable structure, cable classification, cable grading, cable termination, cable safety, and electrical joints. It also discusses Ohm's law, electric circuits including series and parallel circuits, and mixed circuits. Key topics covered include that wire thickness must match power needs, common wire types like PVC and their uses, color coding in wiring, cable components, and calculating equivalent resistances in various circuit configurations.
AC motors are commonly used on aircraft and are classified by output power. Large motors have over 3KW output and are three-phase, while medium and small motors range from 3KW to 50W and are mostly single-phase. Miniature motors are under 50W. The document then describes various types of AC motors used on aircraft, including induction motors, which are the most widely used type and operate using a rotating magnetic field to induce current in the rotor. Two-phase induction motors can control rotation direction and speed, while split-phase motors use a capacitive winding to phase split the current. Synchronous motors maintain a constant speed set by the rotating magnetic field frequency.
The document discusses different types of AC motors, including induction motors and synchronous motors. Induction motors operate slightly slower than the supply frequency, while synchronous motors rotate exactly at the supply frequency. Common types of AC motors include squirrel cage motors and wound rotor motors. Squirrel cage motors have conductors in the rotor that produce torque from induced currents, while wound rotor motors have insulated windings in the rotor that allow external resistance to control starting torque and speed.
1. Indicating instruments measure electrical quantities by deflecting a pointer on a calibrated scale. They use a deflection system to produce a force proportional to the measured value, a control system to limit deflection, and a damping system to prevent oscillations.
2. Permanent magnet moving coil (PMMC) instruments have a coil mounted between magnet poles that deflects proportional to current. They are used as ammeters, voltmeters, and galvanometers. As an ammeter, the coil is connected across a low resistance shunt; as a voltmeter, it is connected in series with a high resistance.
3. Moving iron instruments can measure AC using an iron core acted on by a coil
This document discusses electrical and electronics measurements. It describes the process of measurement by comparing unknown values to known standards. It then discusses key characteristics of instruments used for measurement, including calibration, accuracy, precision, repeatability, reproducibility, drift, span, sensitivity, resolution, and dead zone. The document also covers types of errors in measurement, including static, mistakes, systematic, and random errors. It lists sources of error and types of instruments, including absolute, secondary, indicating, recording, and integrating instruments. Finally, it provides details on permanent magnet moving coil (PMMC) and moving iron (MI) types of indicating instruments.
The induction motor operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It consists of two main parts - the stator and the rotor. The stator contains windings that generate a rotating magnetic field, acting as the primary. This rotating field induces currents in the rotor windings, which acts as the secondary. The rotor is then pushed to rotate at a slightly lower speed than the rotating field due to "slip."
The document discusses DC motors. It begins with an introduction to DC motors, noting they convert electrical to mechanical energy. It then covers the principles, construction, types, and applications of DC motors. The principles section explains how DC motors work using electromagnetism and the Lorentz force. Construction includes field and armature windings. There are three main types - shunt, series, and compound motors - which vary in how their field windings are connected. Applications include uses for different motor types like fans, tools, and mills.
The document discusses various electrical tools and their functions. It describes screwdrivers like standard, Philips, and stubby screwdrivers which are used to drive different types of screws. Pliers are also discussed, including combination pliers, side cutting pliers, and long nose pliers which are used for gripping, cutting, and holding wires. Additional tools mentioned are wire strippers, electrician's knives, portable electric drills, and hacksaws, each serving a specific purpose like stripping wire insulation or cutting metal materials. Proper tool use and safety are emphasized.
1. A DC motor runs on direct current electricity. It has a field winding that produces a magnetic field when energized, and an armature winding that rotates when placed in this magnetic field.
2. The key parts of a DC motor include the yoke, poles, field winding, armature core, armature winding, commutator, and brushes. The field winding produces flux, and the rotation of the armature winding within this flux induces voltage that is used to power the load.
3. DC motors can be shunt wound, series wound, or compound wound depending on how the field and armature windings are connected. Shunt and series motors have different torque-speed characteristics due
A transformer is a static device that changes alternating current (AC) at one voltage level to AC at another voltage level through electromagnetic induction. It consists of two coils, the primary and secondary windings, wrapped around a laminated iron core. When an alternating current is applied to the primary winding, it produces an alternating magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary winding. This allows the transformer to step up or step down voltages without changing the frequency. The transformer transfers power between its two coils through electromagnetic coupling between the coils wound around the iron core.
An extension cord allows for multiple electrical devices to be plugged in when outlets are insufficient. It consists of a flexible electrical cable with a plug on one end and multiple sockets on the other. The document discusses how to make an extension cord by skinning copper wires of different gauges, splicing the wires together, and attaching a plug and socket. Safety tools and materials needed include solid and stranded copper wire in sizes #14, #12, and #10, as well as an outlet, flat cord, connectors, and a male plug.
Wildlife Day 2025: Celebrating Nature and Conservation Effortssun web solutionss
?
Join us as we celebrate Wildlife Day 2025! This 狠狠撸Share presentation explores the fascinating world of wildlife and highlights the importance of conservation efforts. From majestic elephants to endangered species, we delve into the unique behaviors and habitats of various animals and discuss how we can contribute to protecting these incredible creatures. Discover the beauty of biodiversity and learn about the crucial role we all play in preserving our natural world. Let's come together to make every day a Wildlife Day
Kamil Pyciak, A Name Making Waves in the Digital Worldkamilpyciakinfo1
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Kamil Pyciak, based in the USA, is a passionate explorer and nature lover who connects with a Polish audience through an international platform. Surrounded by America’s breathtaking landscapes, he ventures into national parks, capturing the essence of the wilderness through his lens. Despite being miles away from Poland, Kamil’s digital presence transcends borders, uniting a global community of outdoor enthusiasts. Through striking photography and engaging storytelling, he fosters a shared admiration for nature, proving that the love for the great outdoors is a universal language that brings people together across continents.
Improving castor (Ricinus communis) productivity through different sowing sch...Open Access Research Paper
?
Field experiment was conducted at Tapioca and Castor Research Station during 2014 -15 on evaluation of different sowing schedules (August, September, October and November) and varieties/ hybrids (DCS -107, DCH – 177, GCH – 7 and YRCH – 1) in castor. Among the sowing dates, sowing of castor at 2nd fortnight of August has recorded significantly higher kernel yield (705.8kg/ha) followed by September (497.0kg/ha) over October and November sown plots due to deficit in rainfall. Among the varieties/hybrids tested GCH7 has recorded significantly higher mean kernel yield (597.7kg/ha) in all dates of sowing over other genotypes. GCH7 and DCH 177 have recorded significantly higher kernel yield by taking sowing during 2nd fortnight of August (1046 and 927.6kg/ha).
Presentación de Maria Tarrés, responsable de Estrategia de Sostenibilidad de SEAT, en el marco del XIII Simposio Empresarial Internacional, organizado por Funseam el pasado 3 de febrero de 2025, en Barcelona.
Más información en: https://funseam.com/xiii-simposio-empresarial-internacional-funseam-2025/
VENTILATION SYSTEM IN ANIMAL HOUSE
WHY DO WE need VENTILATION?
To keep Air movement
To keep cooling
To keep control relative humidity
To improve air quality for confined animals.
Air distribution
To remove moisture, gases, dust, odors and pathogens
For livestock productivity.
To limit carbon dioxide & methane buildup.
The document discusses different types of AC motors, including induction motors and synchronous motors. Induction motors operate slightly slower than the supply frequency, while synchronous motors rotate exactly at the supply frequency. Common types of AC motors include squirrel cage motors and wound rotor motors. Squirrel cage motors have conductors in the rotor that produce torque from induced currents, while wound rotor motors have insulated windings in the rotor that allow external resistance to control starting torque and speed.
1. Indicating instruments measure electrical quantities by deflecting a pointer on a calibrated scale. They use a deflection system to produce a force proportional to the measured value, a control system to limit deflection, and a damping system to prevent oscillations.
2. Permanent magnet moving coil (PMMC) instruments have a coil mounted between magnet poles that deflects proportional to current. They are used as ammeters, voltmeters, and galvanometers. As an ammeter, the coil is connected across a low resistance shunt; as a voltmeter, it is connected in series with a high resistance.
3. Moving iron instruments can measure AC using an iron core acted on by a coil
This document discusses electrical and electronics measurements. It describes the process of measurement by comparing unknown values to known standards. It then discusses key characteristics of instruments used for measurement, including calibration, accuracy, precision, repeatability, reproducibility, drift, span, sensitivity, resolution, and dead zone. The document also covers types of errors in measurement, including static, mistakes, systematic, and random errors. It lists sources of error and types of instruments, including absolute, secondary, indicating, recording, and integrating instruments. Finally, it provides details on permanent magnet moving coil (PMMC) and moving iron (MI) types of indicating instruments.
The induction motor operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It consists of two main parts - the stator and the rotor. The stator contains windings that generate a rotating magnetic field, acting as the primary. This rotating field induces currents in the rotor windings, which acts as the secondary. The rotor is then pushed to rotate at a slightly lower speed than the rotating field due to "slip."
The document discusses DC motors. It begins with an introduction to DC motors, noting they convert electrical to mechanical energy. It then covers the principles, construction, types, and applications of DC motors. The principles section explains how DC motors work using electromagnetism and the Lorentz force. Construction includes field and armature windings. There are three main types - shunt, series, and compound motors - which vary in how their field windings are connected. Applications include uses for different motor types like fans, tools, and mills.
The document discusses various electrical tools and their functions. It describes screwdrivers like standard, Philips, and stubby screwdrivers which are used to drive different types of screws. Pliers are also discussed, including combination pliers, side cutting pliers, and long nose pliers which are used for gripping, cutting, and holding wires. Additional tools mentioned are wire strippers, electrician's knives, portable electric drills, and hacksaws, each serving a specific purpose like stripping wire insulation or cutting metal materials. Proper tool use and safety are emphasized.
1. A DC motor runs on direct current electricity. It has a field winding that produces a magnetic field when energized, and an armature winding that rotates when placed in this magnetic field.
2. The key parts of a DC motor include the yoke, poles, field winding, armature core, armature winding, commutator, and brushes. The field winding produces flux, and the rotation of the armature winding within this flux induces voltage that is used to power the load.
3. DC motors can be shunt wound, series wound, or compound wound depending on how the field and armature windings are connected. Shunt and series motors have different torque-speed characteristics due
A transformer is a static device that changes alternating current (AC) at one voltage level to AC at another voltage level through electromagnetic induction. It consists of two coils, the primary and secondary windings, wrapped around a laminated iron core. When an alternating current is applied to the primary winding, it produces an alternating magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary winding. This allows the transformer to step up or step down voltages without changing the frequency. The transformer transfers power between its two coils through electromagnetic coupling between the coils wound around the iron core.
An extension cord allows for multiple electrical devices to be plugged in when outlets are insufficient. It consists of a flexible electrical cable with a plug on one end and multiple sockets on the other. The document discusses how to make an extension cord by skinning copper wires of different gauges, splicing the wires together, and attaching a plug and socket. Safety tools and materials needed include solid and stranded copper wire in sizes #14, #12, and #10, as well as an outlet, flat cord, connectors, and a male plug.
Wildlife Day 2025: Celebrating Nature and Conservation Effortssun web solutionss
?
Join us as we celebrate Wildlife Day 2025! This 狠狠撸Share presentation explores the fascinating world of wildlife and highlights the importance of conservation efforts. From majestic elephants to endangered species, we delve into the unique behaviors and habitats of various animals and discuss how we can contribute to protecting these incredible creatures. Discover the beauty of biodiversity and learn about the crucial role we all play in preserving our natural world. Let's come together to make every day a Wildlife Day
Kamil Pyciak, A Name Making Waves in the Digital Worldkamilpyciakinfo1
?
Kamil Pyciak, based in the USA, is a passionate explorer and nature lover who connects with a Polish audience through an international platform. Surrounded by America’s breathtaking landscapes, he ventures into national parks, capturing the essence of the wilderness through his lens. Despite being miles away from Poland, Kamil’s digital presence transcends borders, uniting a global community of outdoor enthusiasts. Through striking photography and engaging storytelling, he fosters a shared admiration for nature, proving that the love for the great outdoors is a universal language that brings people together across continents.
Improving castor (Ricinus communis) productivity through different sowing sch...Open Access Research Paper
?
Field experiment was conducted at Tapioca and Castor Research Station during 2014 -15 on evaluation of different sowing schedules (August, September, October and November) and varieties/ hybrids (DCS -107, DCH – 177, GCH – 7 and YRCH – 1) in castor. Among the sowing dates, sowing of castor at 2nd fortnight of August has recorded significantly higher kernel yield (705.8kg/ha) followed by September (497.0kg/ha) over October and November sown plots due to deficit in rainfall. Among the varieties/hybrids tested GCH7 has recorded significantly higher mean kernel yield (597.7kg/ha) in all dates of sowing over other genotypes. GCH7 and DCH 177 have recorded significantly higher kernel yield by taking sowing during 2nd fortnight of August (1046 and 927.6kg/ha).
Presentación de Maria Tarrés, responsable de Estrategia de Sostenibilidad de SEAT, en el marco del XIII Simposio Empresarial Internacional, organizado por Funseam el pasado 3 de febrero de 2025, en Barcelona.
Más información en: https://funseam.com/xiii-simposio-empresarial-internacional-funseam-2025/
VENTILATION SYSTEM IN ANIMAL HOUSE
WHY DO WE need VENTILATION?
To keep Air movement
To keep cooling
To keep control relative humidity
To improve air quality for confined animals.
Air distribution
To remove moisture, gases, dust, odors and pathogens
For livestock productivity.
To limit carbon dioxide & methane buildup.
Day 2 Seminar Local Government Reorganisation and Planning Seminar_web.pptxmhutttch
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Prepare for the impact of devolution and local government reorganisation! This workshop explores how these changes will affect planning and how local authorities can adapt smoothly. Hear insights from those in newly formed and combined authorities
Day 2 Seminar_Innovation and Bold Leadership_web.pptxmhutttch
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How can planning services stay resilient while embracing bold leadership? This session explores managing change, tackling challenges, and daring to do things differently. Hear real-world insights, devise “unthinkable” solutions, and leave with a challenge to take one bold step.
Day 2 Seminar_Going Digital PAS conference Feb 2025_web.pptxmhutttch
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We hear from MHCLG’s digital team on the progress so far, and one of the councils who has been part of Open Digital Planning for years. We will share some ideas about what might be next, and how leaders of services can prepare for a more digital future. If you can feel the potential that better ICT and use of data can bring but don’t know where to start this session is for you.
Comparative study of foliar application of various beer products and sakkara ...Open Access Research Paper
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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is an important vegetable crop in the tropics. Beer brewing is an intricate process encompassing mixing and further elaboration of four essential raw materials. “Sakkara”, Sri Lankan name for jiggery made by sugar cane stem extract. Sakkara Brewing (SBr) is also an intricate process like beer. It has reported that foliar application of beer and SBr resulted in significant growth stimulation in plants. The objectives of the present study were to compare the effects of five commercially available beer products and SBr on growth, flowering and fruit setting of cucumber plants. The study was conducted at farmer’s poly tunnel in a Completely Randomize Design with seven treatments randomized in five replicates. The treatments were T1 – Carlsberg Special Brew (8.8% Ethanol), T2 – Carlsberg (4.8% Ethanol), T3 – Lion Strong (8.8% Ethanol), T4 – Lion Stout (8.8% Ethanol), T5- Lion Larger (4.8% Ethanol), T6 – SBr (2.2% ethanol, 4% methanol, 2.4 x 104 yeast cells per 1mm3 and PH= 3.36) and T7 – Control (without spraying). Plants were established in pots and standard crop management practices were done. Products were sprayed to the seedlings 15 days after sowing and continued 6 times at 10 days intervals. Measurements were taken on growth, flowering and Fruit setting stages. The higher values of plant growth, reproductive and yield parameters were observed in beer and SBr applied treatments compared to control. SBr is very low cost product compared to commercially available beer. So, it can be recommended for vegetable cultivation as economically feasible and eco-friendly organic product.
Considerations for appropriate assessment of efficacy of biopesticides in the...OECD Environment
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The OECD Seminar on Different aspects of efficacy evaluation of biopesticides, held on 28-29 June 2021, covered the similarities and differences of the efficacy evaluation of the different categories of biopesticides, new application techniques, efficacy evaluation of biopesticides based on plant defence inducers (PDI), comparison of efficacy requirements for biostimulants vs. biopesticides, how to evaluate different Integrated Pest Management (IPM) modules, and registration pathways with limited or no evaluation of efficacy. The event facilitated exchanges between policy makers, academia, and industry.
Water pollution occurs when harmful substances contaminate a body of water, making it toxic to humans and the environment.
Causes
Point source pollution: Pollution from specific sources like sewage treatment plants or factories
Diffuse pollution: Pollution from widespread sources like farming and power plants
Oil spills: Accidental spills, transportation, runoff, and intentional dumping
Industrial wastewater: Heavy metals, dyes, and other pollutants released into water bodies
Agricultural runoff: Fertilizers, pesticides, and salt