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Writing-Introductions-and-Conclusions-01062022-095702am.pptx

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The document provides guidance on writing introductions and conclusions for papers. It discusses the importance of first and last impressions and lists components that should be included in introductions like a hook, transition, and thesis statement. It then provides examples of different techniques for writing introductions, such as starting with a story, quotation, statistic, question, definition, or general topic. For conclusions, it recommends ending with a logical conclusion, call to action, question, speculation/opinion, or recommendation.

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Writing Introductions and Conclusions
First and last impressions are important in any part of life Introductions and conclusions are just as important as the body of your paper. The introduction is what makes the reader want to continue reading your paper. The conclusion is what makes your paper stick in the reader's mind.
Introductions Your introductory paragraph should include: 1) Hook: Description, illustration, narration or dialogue that pulls the reader into your paper topic. This should be interesting and specific. 2) Transition: Sentence that connects the hook with the thesis. 3) Thesis: A sentence that summarizes the overall main point of the paper. The thesis should answer the prompt question.
Ways to write Introductions
Joe Stevens was finally ready to purchase a home. He spent years putting money into a savings account, paid off his credit cards, and diligently paid every bill on time. Confident of his good credit rating, Joe visited the bank to inquire about a mortgage, but he discovered startling information: Joe defaulted on a home loan, had $40,000 in credit card debt, and had a car repossessed for lack of payment. Joe Stevens, like many Americans, is a victim of identity theft. Instead of preparing to move into a new home, Joe began the long journey to restore his good name and to reclaim his identity. Identity theft is a serious problem that claims millions of innocent victims, leading financial loss, legal troubles and peaceful existence in the society. 1. Opening with a Story (Anecdote)
In Shakespeare's Othello, Iago claims that he "who steals my purse steals trash / . . . But he that filches from me my good name / Robs me of that which not enriches him, / And makes me poor indeed" (3.3.157-161). Today, identity theft is a new way that thieves steal both the "purses" and the good names of innocent victims, and these thieves are enriching themselves at the expense of their victims. Identity theft is a serious problem that claims millions of innocent victims, leading financial loss, legal troubles and peaceful existence in the society. . 2. Open with a Quotation
3. Open with an Interesting Statistic Identity fraud is the fastest growing crime in the United States. In 2004, over nine million Americans, or approximately one person in 24, became victims of identity fraud or identity theft, at a cost to the economy of 52.6 billion dollars ("2005 Identity Fraud Survey Report"). Because many cases of identity fraud and identity theft may go unreported, the numbers could be even higher. Identity theft is a serious problem that claims millions of innocent victims, leading financial loss, legal troubles and peaceful existence in the society.
4. Question Openings How would you feel if you knew, at this moment, that some criminal is writing your name, address, and Social Security number on credit card applications and plans to charge thousands of dollars worth of merchandise on those credit cards? More importantly, how do you know that this is not happening? Millions of people have become victims of identity theft, and they often find out only after thousands of dollars have been stolen using their names. Identity theft is a serious problem that claims millions of innocent victims, leading financial loss, legal troubles and peaceful existence in the society.
5. Begin with the definition Our identity is what makes us unique. It is "the distinguishing character or personality of an individual," and when one is a victim of identity theft, it is this "distinguishing character" that is stolen: one's name, address, Social Security number, employment history, credit history, and more. It therefore is no wonder that victims of identity theft often feel a deep sense of violation as they struggle to reclaims their good names. Identity theft is a serious problem that claims millions of innocent victims, leading financial loss, legal troubles and peaceful existence in the society.
6. Begin with a general subject that can be narrowed down into the specific topic of the essay - Funnel Students face all kinds of problems when they start college. Some students struggle with a lack of basic math skills; others have never learned how to write a term paper. Students who were stars in high school have to cope with being just another number in the student population. Students with children have to find a way to be good parents and good students, too. Although all of these problems are common, I found an even more typical conflict. My biggest problem in college was learning to organize my time.
Writing Conclusions
1. Close with a Logical Conclusion This is a good closing for argumentative or opinion papers that present two or more sides of an issue. The conclusion drawn as a result of the research is presented here in the final paragraphs. As one can see from reading the information presented, mainstreaming deaf students isn't always as effective as educating them in a segregated classroom. Deaf students learn better in a more one-on-one basis like they can find in a school or program specially designed for them. Mainstreaming is just that; deaf students get lost in the mainstream.
2. End with a Call to Action The call to action says that in view of the facts and ideas presented in this essay, the reader should do something. Single-gender schools work. As we have seen, boys-only and girls-only middle and high schools help steer young people toward academic achievement and higher self-esteem. Showing off for the opposite sex, dating too early, and, especially in the case of girls, failing to raise their hands for fear of outshining the boys, are problems avoided altogether in single-gender environments. Parents and concerned citizens must contact their representatives and school boards to demand the option of single-gender schools. We owe it to our children to fight for the schools that truly serve them. What does the writer want the reader to do? The writer wants the reader to contact representatives and school boards to demand the option of single - gender schools.
3. End with a Question By ending with a question, you leave the reader with a final problem that you wish him or her to think about. Yes, it is difficult to speak with our children about peer pressure. We will feel as if they will shut us out, and they might think we wont understand their need to fit in and they resist the discussion. However, knowing the pressures that kids today face, the terrible examples bombarding them from popular culture, and the real competitive education standards, can we afford not to? Amelia Garcia, Student, Talking to Kids about Peer Pressure What problem does the writers final question point to? The problem of parents difficulty in talking to kids about peer pressure
4. Close with a Speculation or Opinion Through all of my research, all of the people I interviewed, all of the institutions I visited, not one person could give me a clear-cut answer to my question. Can all deaf people be educated in the same manner? I couldn't find the "right" answer. I hope you, the reader, will have better luck.
5. Close with a Recommendation A good conclusion is when the writer suggests that the reader do something in the way of support for a cause or a plea for them to take action. American Sign Language is a fast growing language in America. More and more universities and colleges are offering it as part of their curriculum and some are even requiring it as part of their program. This writer suggests that anyone who has a chance to learn this beautiful language should grab that opportunity.
Writing-Introductions-and-Conclusions-01062022-095702am.pptx
Read the following essay prompt and write a introductory paragraph, using one of the techniques: Essay prompt: If you could have any job in the world and be great at it, what would you choose and why? Essay Prompt: If you could go on vacation anywhere in the world, where would you go and why?

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Writing-Introductions-and-Conclusions-01062022-095702am.pptx

  • 2. First and last impressions are important in any part of life Introductions and conclusions are just as important as the body of your paper. The introduction is what makes the reader want to continue reading your paper. The conclusion is what makes your paper stick in the reader's mind.
  • 3. Introductions Your introductory paragraph should include: 1) Hook: Description, illustration, narration or dialogue that pulls the reader into your paper topic. This should be interesting and specific. 2) Transition: Sentence that connects the hook with the thesis. 3) Thesis: A sentence that summarizes the overall main point of the paper. The thesis should answer the prompt question.
  • 4. Ways to write Introductions
  • 5. Joe Stevens was finally ready to purchase a home. He spent years putting money into a savings account, paid off his credit cards, and diligently paid every bill on time. Confident of his good credit rating, Joe visited the bank to inquire about a mortgage, but he discovered startling information: Joe defaulted on a home loan, had $40,000 in credit card debt, and had a car repossessed for lack of payment. Joe Stevens, like many Americans, is a victim of identity theft. Instead of preparing to move into a new home, Joe began the long journey to restore his good name and to reclaim his identity. Identity theft is a serious problem that claims millions of innocent victims, leading financial loss, legal troubles and peaceful existence in the society. 1. Opening with a Story (Anecdote)
  • 6. In Shakespeare's Othello, Iago claims that he "who steals my purse steals trash / . . . But he that filches from me my good name / Robs me of that which not enriches him, / And makes me poor indeed" (3.3.157-161). Today, identity theft is a new way that thieves steal both the "purses" and the good names of innocent victims, and these thieves are enriching themselves at the expense of their victims. Identity theft is a serious problem that claims millions of innocent victims, leading financial loss, legal troubles and peaceful existence in the society. . 2. Open with a Quotation
  • 7. 3. Open with an Interesting Statistic Identity fraud is the fastest growing crime in the United States. In 2004, over nine million Americans, or approximately one person in 24, became victims of identity fraud or identity theft, at a cost to the economy of 52.6 billion dollars ("2005 Identity Fraud Survey Report"). Because many cases of identity fraud and identity theft may go unreported, the numbers could be even higher. Identity theft is a serious problem that claims millions of innocent victims, leading financial loss, legal troubles and peaceful existence in the society.
  • 8. 4. Question Openings How would you feel if you knew, at this moment, that some criminal is writing your name, address, and Social Security number on credit card applications and plans to charge thousands of dollars worth of merchandise on those credit cards? More importantly, how do you know that this is not happening? Millions of people have become victims of identity theft, and they often find out only after thousands of dollars have been stolen using their names. Identity theft is a serious problem that claims millions of innocent victims, leading financial loss, legal troubles and peaceful existence in the society.
  • 9. 5. Begin with the definition Our identity is what makes us unique. It is "the distinguishing character or personality of an individual," and when one is a victim of identity theft, it is this "distinguishing character" that is stolen: one's name, address, Social Security number, employment history, credit history, and more. It therefore is no wonder that victims of identity theft often feel a deep sense of violation as they struggle to reclaims their good names. Identity theft is a serious problem that claims millions of innocent victims, leading financial loss, legal troubles and peaceful existence in the society.
  • 10. 6. Begin with a general subject that can be narrowed down into the specific topic of the essay - Funnel Students face all kinds of problems when they start college. Some students struggle with a lack of basic math skills; others have never learned how to write a term paper. Students who were stars in high school have to cope with being just another number in the student population. Students with children have to find a way to be good parents and good students, too. Although all of these problems are common, I found an even more typical conflict. My biggest problem in college was learning to organize my time.
  • 12. 1. Close with a Logical Conclusion This is a good closing for argumentative or opinion papers that present two or more sides of an issue. The conclusion drawn as a result of the research is presented here in the final paragraphs. As one can see from reading the information presented, mainstreaming deaf students isn't always as effective as educating them in a segregated classroom. Deaf students learn better in a more one-on-one basis like they can find in a school or program specially designed for them. Mainstreaming is just that; deaf students get lost in the mainstream.
  • 13. 2. End with a Call to Action The call to action says that in view of the facts and ideas presented in this essay, the reader should do something. Single-gender schools work. As we have seen, boys-only and girls-only middle and high schools help steer young people toward academic achievement and higher self-esteem. Showing off for the opposite sex, dating too early, and, especially in the case of girls, failing to raise their hands for fear of outshining the boys, are problems avoided altogether in single-gender environments. Parents and concerned citizens must contact their representatives and school boards to demand the option of single-gender schools. We owe it to our children to fight for the schools that truly serve them. What does the writer want the reader to do? The writer wants the reader to contact representatives and school boards to demand the option of single - gender schools.
  • 14. 3. End with a Question By ending with a question, you leave the reader with a final problem that you wish him or her to think about. Yes, it is difficult to speak with our children about peer pressure. We will feel as if they will shut us out, and they might think we wont understand their need to fit in and they resist the discussion. However, knowing the pressures that kids today face, the terrible examples bombarding them from popular culture, and the real competitive education standards, can we afford not to? Amelia Garcia, Student, Talking to Kids about Peer Pressure What problem does the writers final question point to? The problem of parents difficulty in talking to kids about peer pressure
  • 15. 4. Close with a Speculation or Opinion Through all of my research, all of the people I interviewed, all of the institutions I visited, not one person could give me a clear-cut answer to my question. Can all deaf people be educated in the same manner? I couldn't find the "right" answer. I hope you, the reader, will have better luck.
  • 16. 5. Close with a Recommendation A good conclusion is when the writer suggests that the reader do something in the way of support for a cause or a plea for them to take action. American Sign Language is a fast growing language in America. More and more universities and colleges are offering it as part of their curriculum and some are even requiring it as part of their program. This writer suggests that anyone who has a chance to learn this beautiful language should grab that opportunity.
  • 18. Read the following essay prompt and write a introductory paragraph, using one of the techniques: Essay prompt: If you could have any job in the world and be great at it, what would you choose and why? Essay Prompt: If you could go on vacation anywhere in the world, where would you go and why?