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Presented by:
K.N.Lakshmi divya

1

WHAT IS PALM VEIN AUTHENTICATION?
 Palm vein authentication is one of the vascular pattern
authentication technologies.

 Vascular pattern authentication includes vein pattern
authentication using the vein patterns of the palm,back
of the hand or fingers as personal identification data

 The palm vein authentication uses the vascular
patternsof the palm as personal identification data

REASONS FOR CONSIDERING THE
PALM AREA FOR IDENTIFICATION :

 A palm has wide area and more complicated vascular
pattern and contains some differentiating features for
personal identification when compared with the patterns
present in the back of the hand and the ventral side or
dorsal side of the fingers.
 The palm normally has no hair and thus eliminates an
obstacle to capturing the vein pattern and it is less
susceptible to a change in skin color.
 For this purpose the contactless palm vein authentication
device was launched by Fujitsu in japan.This is also known
as palmsecure.
 In palm vein authentication we use sensing and matching
technology.

SENSING TECHNOLOGY :
 The sensing technology used for vein patterns is based on
near-infrared ray spectroscopy (NIRS) and imaging
 Deoxygenated hemoglobin in vein vessels absorbs light
having a wavelength of about 760 nm within near-infrared
area (Fig. 1).
 When capturing a body using near-infrared rays only the
blood vessel pattern containing the deoxidized hemoglobin
is visible as a series of dark lines (Fig.2).
 The vein authentication device translates the black lines
of the infrared ray image as the blood vessel pattern of the
palm (Fig. 3), and then matches it with the previously
registered blood vessel pattern of the individual.

Fig1: visible Fig2:infrared Fig 3 :Extracted
ray image ray image vein pattern

IMAGING METHODS:

 There are two imaging methods used for veins
1.Reflection
2.Transmission.

Reflection Method:
The reflection method illuminates the target part from the
front. In this method, an illumination device and a
capturing device can be combined because the direction
of illumination and capturing is the same.

Transmission method:
The transmission method illuminates the target part from
the back, the side or the surface around the target. but in
this method, those devices must be used separately
because the direction of illumination and capturing differs

 Therefore the configuration of the sensor used in the
Reflection and Transmission method also differs.

 Capture by this sensor is executed in a contactless
manner.Users need not touch the sensor; they only have
to hold their palm above it.
:

Matching:

 The palm vein pattern is extracted from
infrared-ray images as dark lines.

This Matching involves
1. Capture
2. Extraction of palm vein pattern features
3. Storing of palm vein pattern features

1. Capture:
Decide whether or not the user will hold his/her
palm over the palm vein authentication sensor. If
the palm is held, capture the infrared-ray image

2. Extraction of palm vein pattern features:
Extract the palm vein pattern from the captured
infrared-ray image by image processing. Convert
the palm vein pattern to palm vein feature data
following the algorithm to determine the
correspondence between the two palm vein
patterns.

3. Storing of palm vein pattern features:
Store the palm vein feature data to storage, smart
card or hard disk, depending on the application.

•Takes snapshot of palm veins
•Generation of infrared ray image.
•Extract the vein patterns from the infrared
image and convert into vein pattern data.
•Now Compares it with database

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Technology + -
Fingerprint •Popular •Less Accurate
•Cheapest

Voice •Non invasive •Least Accurate
Iris & Retinal •Very accurate •Invasive
•Expensive
•Sensitive

Palm Vein •Non-invasive •Unfamiliar
•Relatively Cheap
•Accurate

source
source source11

 Vein patterns
 Distinctive and unique to individuals, even left and right
hands.
 Difficult to steal or forge
 False acceptance rate
 A rate at which someone other than the actual person is
falsely recognized.
 False rejection rate
 A rate at which the actual person is not recognized
accurately.
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*note – Chart created using average of data provided by the Table

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• Contactless

• Non-invasive

•2.18 seconds
recognition speed
source

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ADVANTAGES:

 Contactless, hygienic and non-invasive .
 It is difficult to forge for intruders because blood
vessels are hidden within the body.
 This technology is non-intrusive;It does not involve
any physical contact between the user and the
system .
 Vein patterns are unique to each individual; even
identical twins have different vein patterns .
 Palm vein technology has an FRR of 0.01% and FAR
of less than 0.00008%.this is based on the
experiments conducted on 70,000 individuals in
japan. It is Highly accurate

DISADVANTAGES:

 There are numerous factors that can effect the quality of
the captured image.They are body temperature,
ambient temperature,humidity,unevenly distribution of
heat,heat radiation,nearness of vein to surface,camera
calibration and focus.

 palm vein recognition is invasive because it creates fear
among the users that it can be a painful process

 It is relatively expensive and not available for mass
production yet.

 It is not applicable to people who lost their palms.

APPLICATIONS:
Palm vein authentication is utilized in
various Fields such as
 Security systems - Door lock and integrated
building security systems
 Log-in control – login into pc’s or servers,
network data access, etc.
 Healthcare - ID verification for medical
equipment, electronic record management,
etc.
 Financial services - ATM,Banks, vault
access, etc.

ATM:
 palm vein pattern is captured
by using the palm vein sensor
on the ATM. The palm vein
pattern is converted to palm
vein features and transferred
to the user’s smart card a
 The matching between the
palm vein features stored on
the smart card and those
transferred from the sensor is
executed on the smart card.
 The result is the output from
ATM MACHINES WITH
the card. PALM VEIN SENSOR UNIT
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Login authentication:
 Palm vein authentication can be
integrated into laptop PCs by
USB .
 It is used to control access to
electronically stored
information.
 Because login authentication
using palm vein authentication
can also be used for
authentication using
conventional IDs and passwords

Door security system:

 The palm vein authentication access
control unit can be used to control
entry and exit into and out of rooms
and buildings.
 This unit consists of operation and
control sections. The operation
section has a key pad,indicators ,
contactless smart card reader and
palm vein sensor
 The control section has a processing
unit for the authentication and stores
palm vein features of enrollees
 This unit executes verification when
a user input his or her ID

 In comparison with other leading bio-tech,
PalmSecure is
 More Reliable, More Accurate
 Fast
 Small
 Relatively cheap to implemented and operate
 It can be use for
 PC log-in
 Building entrance
 ATM machine, etc…
 Protect sensitive financial information
 Reduce loss due to identity theft
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Protect Our Clients.
Protect Ourselves.

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Editor's Notes