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Outlines:
• Definitions
• Symptoms
• Causes
• Risk factors
• Management
2

definition:
• Chronic inflammatory disease of airways
• Narrowing of the airways
• 10 -20 % people in Saudi Arabia have asthma
3

Symptoms:
• wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of
breath.
• Symptoms that interfere with sleep, work or
recreational activities
• Asthma symptoms range from minor to severe and
vary from person to person.
• Comes primarily at night, during exercise or when the
patient exposed to specific triggers.
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• Asthma can't be cured, but its symptoms can
be controlled.
• some people get asthma and others don't, but
it's probably due to a combination of
environmental and genetic (inherited) factors.
• Asthma triggers are different from person to
person.
5

Causes:
• Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander,
mold, cockroaches and dust mites.
• Respiratory infections, such as the common cold
• Physical activity (exercise-induced asthma)
• Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke
• Strong emotions and stress
• Allergic reactions to some foods, such as peanuts or
shellfish
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in
which stomach acids back up into your throat
6

Risk factors:
• A growing number of people are diagnosed with the
condition each year, but it isn't clear why.
• A number of factors are thought to increase your chances
of developing asthma. These include:
• Having a blood relative (such as a parent or sibling) with
asthma
• Having an allergic condition, such as atopic dermatitis or
allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
• Being overweight
• Being a smoker
• Having a mother who smoked while pregnant
• Low birth weight
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Management:
• Medication
• Environmental management
• monitoring
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Management:
• What you can do Before going to the doctor ?
• Write down any symptoms you're having
• Note when your symptoms bother you most
• Write down key personal information
• Make a list of all medications
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Management:
• Peak flow. A peak flow meter is a simple
device that measures how hard you can
breathe out.
Take a deep
breath and
exhale through
the device
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Asthma classification %FEV1Peak flow Signs and symptoms
Mild intermittent ≥80%
Mild symptoms up to two
days a week and up to two
nights a month
Mild persistent ≥80%
Symptoms more than twice
a week, but no more than
once in a single day
Moderate persistent 60–80%
Symptoms once a day and
more than one night a week
Severe persistent <60%
Symptoms throughout the
day on most days and
frequently at night
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Medications: moderate dose inhaler
-up right position
-shake the inhaler
-slightly tilt the
head back
-slowly inhale as u
press
-continue breathing
for 5 s
-if 2 puffs wait for 1
m 12

Medications:
• Quick-relief medications
Quick-relief (rescue) medications are used as
needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief
during an asthma attack.
• Short-acting beta agonists Ventolin
• Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. These
medications relieve airway inflammation
caused by severe asthma. Can cause serious
side effects when used long term
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• Long-term control medications
• In most cases, these medications need to be taken
every day
• Inhaled corticosteroids (Aerobid), safe .
• Leukotriene modifiers help prevent asthma symptoms
for up to 24 hours
• Long-acting beta agonists (LABAs). open the airways
and reduce inflammation
• Combination inhalers (Advair Diskus) contain a LABA
along with a corticosteroid.
• Theophylline This is a daily pill that helps keep the
airways open
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• Treatment for allergy-induced asthma
• Lifestyle:
• Avoid your triggers
• Stay healthy
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• Having asthma doesn't mean you have to be
less active. Treatment can prevent asthma
attacks and control symptoms during activity.
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Asthma

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