This document outlines a framework for studying the evidence for spinal manipulation as a complex intervention. It begins with preclinical theory regarding joint mechanics, muscle responses, and neurophysiology. It then discusses exploratory trials and definitive randomized controlled trials that have demonstrated short-term reductions in pain and cost-effectiveness compared to other treatments. The framework also emphasizes the need for long-term implementation studies to understand spinal manipulation's effects as a biopsychosocial intervention for ubiquitous pain conditions.
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Manipulation Evidence IFOMPT 2012
1. 際際滷 1
Evidence in Manipulation
Chris McCarthy
PhD, FCSP, FMACP
PgD Biomechanics
PgD Manipulative Therapy
3. 際際滷 3
complex intervention
(MRC, 2000)
the greater the difficulty in defining
precisely what exactly are the
active ingredients of an intervention and
how they relate to each other,
the greater the likelihood that you are
dealing with a complex intervention.
22. 際際滷 22
www.combinedmovements.org
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2012 Mar 17.
Spinal manipulation epidemiology:
Systematic review of cost effectiveness studies.
Michaleff ZA, Lin CW, Maher CG, van Tulder MW.
CONCLUSIONS:
This review supports the use of SMT in clinical practice
as a cost-effective treatment
when used alone or in combination with other treatment approaches.