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Ethan S. Burger 舒仆 弌. 亞亠
Fulbright Senior Legal Specialist
October 4, 2016
亠亰亳亟亠仆从亳亠 于弍仂 2016:
仆亠仆亳亠 仂亟仆仂亞仂
于仂仗亠亶从亳亶 仄舒仆亳舒仆亠亶 仆亳于亠亳亠
亳仍仆ム, 亳于舒
"仍 仗仂仍仆仂亶 仆仂亳 从舒亢, 仂  仆亠 磦仍ム 仗仂从仍仂仆仆亳从仂仄 仆亳
丱亳仍仍舒亳 仍亳仆仂仆, 仆亳 仂仆舒仍亟舒 丐舒仄仗舒.
亊 仂仗舒于仍磿 仆亠弍仂仍亳亠 于亰仆仂 仆舒 仗仂亟亟亠亢从 从舒仄仗舒仆亳亳 亠仆亳
弌舒仆亟亠舒 (亟亠仄仂从舒) 亳 亢仂仆舒 亠亶亳舒 (亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆亠), 舒从
从舒从  亳舒仍 亳 舒仄仄亳 仍亳仄亳 从舒仆亟亳亟舒舒仄亳 仂 于仂亳
仗舒亳亶.
仍亳 弍 仄仆亠 仗亳仍仂 于弍亳舒 仄亠亢亟 丱亳仍仍舒亳 仍亳仆仂仆 亳
仂仆舒仍亟仂仄 丐舒仄仗仂仄,  弍 亳舒仍, 仂 于弍仂舒 仆亠 -- 仆亢仆仂
亞仂仍仂仂于舒 亰舒 仍亳仆仂仆.
2
仂仆亳亳 弌丿仂仆亳亳 弌丿
弌舒 1 舒仆舒于仍亳于舒亠 于 舒亳, 仂 于亠 亰舒从仂仆仂亟舒亠仍仆亠 仗仂仍仆仂仄仂亳,
舒仆仂于仍亠仆仆亠 仆舒仂亠亶 仂仆亳亳亠亶, 仗亠亟仂舒于仍ム 仂仆亞亠
弌仂亠亟亳仆亠仆仆 丿舒仂于, 从仂仂亶 仂仂亳 亳亰 弌亠仆舒舒 亳 舒仍舒
亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶.
仂仆亞亠 亟仂仍亢亠仆 仗亳仆亳仄舒 于亠 亰舒从仂仆, 从仂仂亠 弍亟 仆亠仂弍仂亟亳仄 亳
仄亠仆 亟仍 仗亳于亠亟亠仆亳 于 亟亠亶于亳亠 于亠仗亠亠亳仍亠仆仆 仗仂仍仆仂仄仂亳亶 亳
亳仆 仗仂仍仆仂仄仂亳亶, 仗亠亟仂舒于仍亠仆仆 仆舒仂亠亶 仂仆亳亳亠亶
舒于亳亠仍于 仂亠亟亳仆亠仆仆 丿舒仂于, 舒 舒从亢亠 从舒从仂仄-仍亳弍仂 亠亞仂 亟亠仗舒舒仄亠仆
亳仍亳 亟仂仍亢仆仂仆仂仄 仍亳.
弌舒 2 仗亠亟仄舒亳于舒亠, 仂 亠亰亳亟亠仆 磦仍磳 亞仍舒于仂亶 亳仗仂仍仆亳亠仍仆仂亶
于亠于亳 亠亟亠舒仍仆仂亞仂 仗舒于亳亠仍于舒, 舒 舒从亢亠 仆舒亳亳, 亞仍舒于仂亶 亞仂亟舒于舒 亳
亞仍舒于仂亶 舒于亳亠仍于舒.
3
弍仂 亠亰亳亟亠仆舒弍仂 亠亰亳亟亠仆舒
 亠亰亳亟亠仆 亳 于亳亠-仗亠亰亳亟亠仆 亳亰弍亳舒ム 仆亠仗礆仄 亞仂仍仂仂于舒仆亳亠仄 于仂 2-亶 于仂仆亳从
仆仂磡 从舒亢亟亠 亠亠 亞仂亟舒.
 仂亠 亠亞仍亳亠 仗亠仄 从仂仄弍亳仆舒亳亳 亠亟亠舒仍仆仂亞仂 亰舒从仂仆仂亟舒亠仍于舒 亳
亰舒从仂仆仂于 丿舒仂于. 舒亢亟亶 舒 于亟亠仍磳 仂仗亠亟亠仍亠仆仆仂亠 从仂仍亳亠于仂 仗亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶
(亰弍亳舒亠仍仆舒 从仂仍仍亠亞亳) 舒于仆仂亠 亳仍 亠仆舒仂仂于 亳 仗亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶 于 仂仆亞亠亠
弌丿.
 弌仂亞仍舒仆仂 仂仆亳亳亳 弌丿, 亰舒从仂仆仂亟舒亠仍仆亠 仂亞舒仆 从舒亢亟仂亞仂 丿舒舒 亳仄亠ム
仗舒于仂 仂仗亠亟亠仍亳 仗仂磲仂从 于弍仂仂于.  亟亠仆 于弍仂仂于 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亳 于弍亳舒ム
仗亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶 于 仂仂于亠于亳亳  仗舒于亳仍舒仄亳, 仂仗亠亟亠仍磳仄仄亳 舒于亳亠仍于舒仄亳
丿舒仂于. 仂仍亳仆于仂 仗亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶 磦仍ム 仍亠仆舒仄亳 仗舒亳亶 亳 亞仂仍仂ム 于
仆舒舒仍亠 礌于舒 亰舒 从舒仆亟亳亟舒舒 于 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆 于仂亠亶 仗舒亳亳.
 仂亠 于亟于亳亢亠仆亳 从舒仆亟亳亟舒, 于 仂仄 亳仍亠 仗亠于亳仆亠 弍仂 亳 仗舒亳亶仆亠
亠亰亟, 仆亠 弍仍 仂仗亠亟亠仍亠仆 仂仆亳亳亠亶, 亳, 于仄亠仂 仂亞仂, 弍仍 舒亰于亳 丿舒舒仄亳 亳
仗仂仍亳亳亠从亳仄亳 仗舒亳礆亳. 亅仂 从舒舒亠 亳 仆亠仗礆 于弍仂仂于, 亞亟亠 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亳
亞仂仍仂ム 亰舒 仗亳仂从 亟亠仍亠亞舒仂于 仗仂仍亳亳亠从仂亶 仗舒亳亳, 从仂仂亠 亰舒亠仄, 于 于仂
仂亠亠亟, 亳亰弍亳舒ム 从舒仆亟亳亟舒舒 于 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆 仂 于仂亠亶 仗舒亳亳.
4
% 仂仍仂仂于舒仆亳亠 仍亳, 亳仄亠ム亳 仗舒于仂 仆舒% 仂仍仂仂于舒仆亳亠 仍亳, 亳仄亠ム亳 仗舒于仂 仆舒
亞仂仍仂仂于舒仆亳亠亞仂仍仂仂于舒仆亳亠
5
亰弍亳舒亠仍仆亠 从仂仍仍亠亞亳亳 于 弌丿 2012 亞仂亟 (弍亠亠亰弍亳舒亠仍仆亠 从仂仍仍亠亞亳亳 于 弌丿 2012 亞仂亟 (弍亠亠
从仂仍亳亠于仂 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶  538, 亞仂仍仂仂于 仗仂弍亠亟亳亠仍亠亶 从仂仍亳亠于仂 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶  538, 亞仂仍仂仂于 仗仂弍亠亟亳亠仍亠亶 
270; 100 亠仆舒仂仂于 + 435 亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶)270; 100 亠仆舒仂仂于 + 435 亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶)
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 弌仂亟亠亢舒仆亳亠: 仗仂仍亳亳亠从亳亠 舒仂亟 磦仍ム
仂仄仂亶 仂舒仆磳仄仂亶 于仂弍仂亟 仍仂于舒, 仂亞仍舒仆仂
亠于仂亶 仗仂仗舒于从亠.
  仂 于亠仄 从舒从 从仂仗仂舒亳亳 亳仍亳 仂ミ継 仄仂亞 仆亠
亳仆舒仆亳仂于舒 仆亠仗仂亠亟于亠仆仆仂 从舒仄仗舒仆亳亳, 仂仆亳
仄仂亞 仗仂仗舒 舒亞亳亳仂于舒 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶 
仗仂仄仂 亟亞亳 亠亟于, 于从仍ム舒 亠从仍舒仄,
仂仂弍亠仆仆仂 亠仍亳 亳 仂弍磦仍亠仆亳 仆亠
舒仆仍亳仂于舒仍亳.
 亠亠仆亳亠: 5-4, 于 亰舒从仍ム亠仆亳亳 亟亳 亅仆仂仆亳
亠仆仆亠亟亳.
7
20122012
亠亰亳亟亠仆从亳亠亠亰亳亟亠仆从亳亠
弍仂 于 弌丿弍仂 于 弌丿
Obama 332
Romney 206
8
舒仆亟亳亳 亠仄仂从舒亳亠从仂亶 仗舒亳亳
9
Martin OMalley Hillary Clinton Bernie Sanders
舒从仍ム亳亠仍仆亶 亠仄仂从舒亳亠从亳亶舒从仍ム亳亠仍仆亶 亠仄仂从舒亳亠从亳亶
亠仍亠亞舒 舒亠仍亠亞舒 舒
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亠从仍舒仄舒
Sanders & ClintonSanders & Clinton
Bernie Sanders
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2nwRiuh1Cug 
仄亠亳从舒
http://usuncut.com/politics/bernie-sanders-supporter-ad/ --
豫亳亳
Hillary Clinton
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMcSWonOBZs 
丐亟亳!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6cFjU10IrqU&feature=youtu.be
 亠亠仆亳
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舒仆亟亳亟舒 于
亠亰亳亟亠仆 仂 亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆从仂亶 仗舒亳亳
12
亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆从亳亶 亠仍亠亞舒 舒亠仍亠亞舒 舒
13
弌亠亟于舒 从舒仄仗舒仆亳亳 c仂弍舒仆仆亠
14
亰仄亠仆亠仆亳亠 亠仄仂亞舒亳 亟亠仄仂从舒亳亠从亳 亳亰仄亠仆亠仆亳亠 亠仄仂亞舒亳 亟亠仄仂从舒亳亠从亳 亳
亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆从亳 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆从亳 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶
15
p
16
Poll Date Samle MoE Clinton (D) Trump (R) Spread
RCP Average 9/15 - 9/30 -- -- 47.5 44.4 Clinton
+3.1
FOX News 9/27 - 9/29 911 LV 3.0 49 44 Clinton +5
LA Times/USC Tracking 9/24 - 9/30 2526 LV 4.5 42 47 Trump +5
PPP (D) 9/27 - 9/28 933 LV 3.2 49 45 Clinton +4
Reuters/Ipsos 9/22 - 9/26 1041 LV 3.5 44 38 Clinton +6
Quinnipiac 9/22 - 9/25 1115 LV 2.9 47 46 Clinton +1
Bloomberg 9/21 - 9/24 1002 LV 3.1 46 46 Tie
Monmouth 9/22 - 9/25 729 LV 3.6 49 46 Clinton +3
Economist/YouGov 9/22 - 9/24 948 RV 3.8 48 44 Clinton +4
NBC News/SM 9/19 - 9/25 13598 LV 1.1 51 44 Clinton +7
ABC News/Wash Post 9/19 - 9/22 651 LV 4.5 49 47 Clinton +2
McClatchy/Marist 9/15 - 9/20 758 LV 3.6 48 41 Clinton +7
舒亳仂仆舒仍仆仂亞仂 仂仗仂舒
亠于亶 亟亠弍舒 亰舒 亠亰亳亟亠仆舒
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=bgHQVLbJ-1E
17
仂仍仍亠亞亳 于弍仂亳从仂于仂仍仍亠亞亳 于弍仂亳从仂于 弍亰仂 亰亠弍亰仂 亰亠
亠亠亟 仗亠于仂亶 亟亳从亳亳亠亠亟 仗亠于仂亶 亟亳从亳亳
丐亠仄仆仂-亳仆亳亶 = 仂仂于亠仆仂 亟仍 仍亳仆仂仆, 弌于亠仍仂-亳仆亠- 亠仂仆仂, 亟仍
仍亳仆仂仆; 弌亠亶 = 亠仆舒; 丐亠仄仆仂-从舒仆亶 = 仂仂于亠仆仂 亟仍 丐舒仄仗舒,
于亠仍仂-从舒仆亶 = 亠仂仆仂, 亟仍 丐舒仄仗舒; Pink = 弍仂仍亠亠 于亠仂仆仂, 亠仄 仆亠
丐舒仄仗舒
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STATE CLINTON TRUMP RCP AVERAGE RCP STATUS 2012 2008 2004
WA
12
MT
3 ND
3
NE2 VT NH
1 3 4 ME
2
ME2
1
OR
7
MN
10
ID
4
ME1
1
WY
3
SD
3
WI
10
MI
16
NY
29
MA
11
NV
6
NE
4
IA
6
OH
18
PA
20
RI
4
CA
55
UT
6
CO
9
IL IN
20 11
KS
6
WV
5
MO
10
VA
13
NC
15
AZ
11
KY
8
TN
11
CT
7
NM
5
OK
7 AR
6
SC
9
NJ
14
MS
6
AL GA
9 16
TX
38
LA
8
DE
3
AK
3
FL
29
M
D
10
DC
3
HI
4
A new national survey finds that Trump
supporters overwhelmingly believe that life in
America is worse than it was 50 years ago for
people like them. Fully 81% of registered
voters who support Trump say life has gotten
worse, compared with just 11% who say it has
gotten better (6% say it is about the same).
Most Clinton supporters take the opposite view:
59% say life for people like them has gotten
better over the past half-century, while 19%
think it has gotten worse and 18% see
little change.
The candidates supporters have contrasting
expectations for the nations future. Trump
backers are broadly pessimistic  68% say life
for
the next generation will be worsethan today.
Clinton supporters have mixed assessments.
Nearly four-in-ten (38%) say life will be better,
28% say it will be about the same and just 30%
say it will be worse.
19
仂仍仂仂于舒于亳亠 舒仂亟 仂 仂亞仂, 亞亟亠仂仍仂仂于舒于亳亠 舒仂亟 仂 仂亞仂, 亞亟亠
仄亠亳从舒 弍仍舒 亳 从亟舒 仂仆舒 亟于亳亢亠仄亠亳从舒 弍仍舒 亳 从亟舒 仂仆舒 亟于亳亢亠
亰仄亠仆亠仆亳 亠仄仂亞舒亳 亟亠仄仂从舒亳亠从亳亰仄亠仆亠仆亳 亠仄仂亞舒亳 亟亠仄仂从舒亳亠从亳
亳 亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆从亳 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶亳 亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆从亳 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶
20
亰弍亳舒亠仍 亟仂于仍亠于仂亠仆亳亠 于 于磶亳 亰弍亳舒亠仍 亟仂于仍亠于仂亠仆亳亠 于 于磶亳 
从舒仆亟亳亟舒舒仄亳 于 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆 仆舒 弍仂仍亠亠 仆亳亰从仂仄从舒仆亟亳亟舒舒仄亳 于 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆 仆舒 弍仂仍亠亠 仆亳亰从仂仄
仂于仆亠 亰舒 仗仂仍亠亟仆亳亠 亟亠亳仍亠亳仂于仆亠 亰舒 仗仂仍亠亟仆亳亠 亟亠亳仍亠亳
21
Clinton. However, just 49% of Republicans who backed other candidates for the partys
nomination say the same.
When it comes to the issues at the forefront of
voters minds, the economy tops the list, with
84% of voters  and similar shares across most
demographic and political groups  saying it is
Economy and terrorism are top issues
for voters in 2016
% of registered voters saying each is very important to
their vote in 2016 
very important to their vote. Terrorism also
ranks high across the political spectrum.
Other issues are seen as more important by
backers of one of the candidates: Trump
supporters are more likely than Clinton
supporters to say immigration is very
important to their vote (79% vs. 65%), though
the importance of this issue across-the-board
is substantially higher today than it was in
2008 or 2012. Conversely, though nearly
eight-in-ten (79%) Clinton supporters view the
treatment of racial and ethnic minorities as a
very important issue to their vote, only 42% of
Trump backers say the same. And while more
than half of Clinton supporters (54%) say the
treatment of gay, lesbian and transgender
people is very important, just a quarter of
E c o n o m y
T e r r o r is m
Foreign policy
Health care
Gun policy
Im m ig r a t io n
Social Security
E d u c a t io n
Supreme Court appts
Treatment of racial,
e t h n ic m in o r it ie s
Trade policy
E n v ir o n m e n t
A b o r t io n
Treatment of gay, lesbian,
transgender people
84
80
75
74
72
70
67
66
65
63
57
52
45
40
Trump supporters agree. Note: Based on registered voters. Q40.
Source: Survey conducted June 15-26, 2016.
PEW RESEARCH CENTER 22
仆仂亞亳亠 舒仄亠亳从舒仆 亳舒ム, 仂 仂仆亳
仂舒ム 仂 仂亳仄仂亳 亢亳亰仆亳

仆仂亞亳亠亳舒ム,仂仂仆亳
仂舒ム仂仂亳仄仂亳亢亳亰仆亳

23
仂亳于仂亞仂仂亳于仂亞仂
Among those who choose Trump over Clinton in the head-to-head question on voter preferences,
55% say their choice is more a vote against Clinton than for Trump. A smaller share (41%) says
their vote is more for Trump than against
Clinton. In 2008 and 2000 (the two most
recent presidential elections with no
incumbent candidate), no more than about a
third of those planning to support the
Republican candidate said their choice was
more a vote against the Democrat than for the
Many Trump and Clinton supporters say
v o t e i s  a g a i n s t  o t h e r c a n d i d a t e
Would you say your choice is more a vote FOR or
AGAINST ?
Against other candidate For owncandidate
Among Republican candidate supporters
Republican.
Negative voting is also widespread on the
Democratic side. Among those planning to
support Clinton in the general election, half
(50%) say they think of their choice as more of
a vote against Trump than for Clinton. About
2016
2012
2008
2004
2000
55 41
58 38
35 59
23 73
33 60
as many (48%) say their vote is more for
Clinton than against Trump. The share of
Democratic general election supporters who
say they think of their vote more as a vote
against the Republican candidate is higher
Among Democratic candidate supporters
than it was at this point in each of the past four
presidential elections.
2004
2000
37 59
30 64
2016 50 48
2012 22 72
2008 25 68
24
仂亢亠 仍亳 仂 弍 亟亠亶于亳亠仍仆仂 于亠仆仂, 仂 亞-仆 丐舒仄仗仂亢亠 仍亳 仂 弍 亟亠亶于亳亠仍仆仂 于亠仆仂, 仂 亞-仆 丐舒仄仗
磦仍磳 亠亠亰仆仄 从舒仆亟亳亟舒仂仄 仆舒 仗仂 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆舒?磦仍磳 亠亠亰仆仄 从舒仆亟亳亟舒仂仄 仆舒 仗仂 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆舒?
 http://edition.cnn.com/2016/10/02/politics/donald-trump-taxes-fallout-
questions/
 http://edition.cnn.com/2016/10/01/politics/donald-trump-taxes-report-hillary-
clinton/
 https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/10/02/as-news-
of-trumps-taxes-broke-he-goes-off-script-at-a-rally-in-pennsylvania/?
postshare=1761475421661653&tid=ss_tw
 http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/03/us/politics/giuliani-calls-donald-trump-a-
genius-for-minimizing-his-taxes.html?ref=todayspaper
 http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-taxes-20161002-snap-
story.html
25
ContactInformationContactInformation
Ethan S. Burger, Esq.
Fulbright Legal Specialist, Washington, D.C.
Vilnius University // Washington College of Law
ethansb@post.harvard.edu
burger@American.edu
esb34@georgetown.edu
1-917-291-3362
26

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2016 October 4 -- EHU US Presidential Election

  • 1. 1 Ethan S. Burger 舒仆 弌. 亞亠 Fulbright Senior Legal Specialist October 4, 2016 亠亰亳亟亠仆从亳亠 于弍仂 2016: 仆亠仆亳亠 仂亟仆仂亞仂 于仂仗亠亶从亳亶 仄舒仆亳舒仆亠亶 仆亳于亠亳亠 亳仍仆ム, 亳于舒
  • 2. "仍 仗仂仍仆仂亶 仆仂亳 从舒亢, 仂 仆亠 磦仍ム 仗仂从仍仂仆仆亳从仂仄 仆亳 丱亳仍仍舒亳 仍亳仆仂仆, 仆亳 仂仆舒仍亟舒 丐舒仄仗舒. 亊 仂仗舒于仍磿 仆亠弍仂仍亳亠 于亰仆仂 仆舒 仗仂亟亟亠亢从 从舒仄仗舒仆亳亳 亠仆亳 弌舒仆亟亠舒 (亟亠仄仂从舒) 亳 亢仂仆舒 亠亶亳舒 (亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆亠), 舒从 从舒从 亳舒仍 亳 舒仄仄亳 仍亳仄亳 从舒仆亟亳亟舒舒仄亳 仂 于仂亳 仗舒亳亶. 仍亳 弍 仄仆亠 仗亳仍仂 于弍亳舒 仄亠亢亟 丱亳仍仍舒亳 仍亳仆仂仆 亳 仂仆舒仍亟仂仄 丐舒仄仗仂仄, 弍 亳舒仍, 仂 于弍仂舒 仆亠 -- 仆亢仆仂 亞仂仍仂仂于舒 亰舒 仍亳仆仂仆. 2
  • 3. 仂仆亳亳 弌丿仂仆亳亳 弌丿 弌舒 1 舒仆舒于仍亳于舒亠 于 舒亳, 仂 于亠 亰舒从仂仆仂亟舒亠仍仆亠 仗仂仍仆仂仄仂亳, 舒仆仂于仍亠仆仆亠 仆舒仂亠亶 仂仆亳亳亠亶, 仗亠亟仂舒于仍ム 仂仆亞亠 弌仂亠亟亳仆亠仆仆 丿舒仂于, 从仂仂亶 仂仂亳 亳亰 弌亠仆舒舒 亳 舒仍舒 亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶. 仂仆亞亠 亟仂仍亢亠仆 仗亳仆亳仄舒 于亠 亰舒从仂仆, 从仂仂亠 弍亟 仆亠仂弍仂亟亳仄 亳 仄亠仆 亟仍 仗亳于亠亟亠仆亳 于 亟亠亶于亳亠 于亠仗亠亠亳仍亠仆仆 仗仂仍仆仂仄仂亳亶 亳 亳仆 仗仂仍仆仂仄仂亳亶, 仗亠亟仂舒于仍亠仆仆 仆舒仂亠亶 仂仆亳亳亠亶 舒于亳亠仍于 仂亠亟亳仆亠仆仆 丿舒仂于, 舒 舒从亢亠 从舒从仂仄-仍亳弍仂 亠亞仂 亟亠仗舒舒仄亠仆 亳仍亳 亟仂仍亢仆仂仆仂仄 仍亳. 弌舒 2 仗亠亟仄舒亳于舒亠, 仂 亠亰亳亟亠仆 磦仍磳 亞仍舒于仂亶 亳仗仂仍仆亳亠仍仆仂亶 于亠于亳 亠亟亠舒仍仆仂亞仂 仗舒于亳亠仍于舒, 舒 舒从亢亠 仆舒亳亳, 亞仍舒于仂亶 亞仂亟舒于舒 亳 亞仍舒于仂亶 舒于亳亠仍于舒. 3
  • 4. 弍仂 亠亰亳亟亠仆舒弍仂 亠亰亳亟亠仆舒 亠亰亳亟亠仆 亳 于亳亠-仗亠亰亳亟亠仆 亳亰弍亳舒ム 仆亠仗礆仄 亞仂仍仂仂于舒仆亳亠仄 于仂 2-亶 于仂仆亳从 仆仂磡 从舒亢亟亠 亠亠 亞仂亟舒. 仂亠 亠亞仍亳亠 仗亠仄 从仂仄弍亳仆舒亳亳 亠亟亠舒仍仆仂亞仂 亰舒从仂仆仂亟舒亠仍于舒 亳 亰舒从仂仆仂于 丿舒仂于. 舒亢亟亶 舒 于亟亠仍磳 仂仗亠亟亠仍亠仆仆仂亠 从仂仍亳亠于仂 仗亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶 (亰弍亳舒亠仍仆舒 从仂仍仍亠亞亳) 舒于仆仂亠 亳仍 亠仆舒仂仂于 亳 仗亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶 于 仂仆亞亠亠 弌丿. 弌仂亞仍舒仆仂 仂仆亳亳亳 弌丿, 亰舒从仂仆仂亟舒亠仍仆亠 仂亞舒仆 从舒亢亟仂亞仂 丿舒舒 亳仄亠ム 仗舒于仂 仂仗亠亟亠仍亳 仗仂磲仂从 于弍仂仂于. 亟亠仆 于弍仂仂于 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亳 于弍亳舒ム 仗亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶 于 仂仂于亠于亳亳 仗舒于亳仍舒仄亳, 仂仗亠亟亠仍磳仄仄亳 舒于亳亠仍于舒仄亳 丿舒仂于. 仂仍亳仆于仂 仗亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶 磦仍ム 仍亠仆舒仄亳 仗舒亳亶 亳 亞仂仍仂ム 于 仆舒舒仍亠 礌于舒 亰舒 从舒仆亟亳亟舒舒 于 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆 于仂亠亶 仗舒亳亳. 仂亠 于亟于亳亢亠仆亳 从舒仆亟亳亟舒, 于 仂仄 亳仍亠 仗亠于亳仆亠 弍仂 亳 仗舒亳亶仆亠 亠亰亟, 仆亠 弍仍 仂仗亠亟亠仍亠仆 仂仆亳亳亠亶, 亳, 于仄亠仂 仂亞仂, 弍仍 舒亰于亳 丿舒舒仄亳 亳 仗仂仍亳亳亠从亳仄亳 仗舒亳礆亳. 亅仂 从舒舒亠 亳 仆亠仗礆 于弍仂仂于, 亞亟亠 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亳 亞仂仍仂ム 亰舒 仗亳仂从 亟亠仍亠亞舒仂于 仗仂仍亳亳亠从仂亶 仗舒亳亳, 从仂仂亠 亰舒亠仄, 于 于仂 仂亠亠亟, 亳亰弍亳舒ム 从舒仆亟亳亟舒舒 于 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆 仂 于仂亠亶 仗舒亳亳. 4
  • 5. % 仂仍仂仂于舒仆亳亠 仍亳, 亳仄亠ム亳 仗舒于仂 仆舒% 仂仍仂仂于舒仆亳亠 仍亳, 亳仄亠ム亳 仗舒于仂 仆舒 亞仂仍仂仂于舒仆亳亠亞仂仍仂仂于舒仆亳亠 5
  • 6. 亰弍亳舒亠仍仆亠 从仂仍仍亠亞亳亳 于 弌丿 2012 亞仂亟 (弍亠亠亰弍亳舒亠仍仆亠 从仂仍仍亠亞亳亳 于 弌丿 2012 亞仂亟 (弍亠亠 从仂仍亳亠于仂 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶 538, 亞仂仍仂仂于 仗仂弍亠亟亳亠仍亠亶 从仂仍亳亠于仂 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶 538, 亞仂仍仂仂于 仗仂弍亠亟亳亠仍亠亶 270; 100 亠仆舒仂仂于 + 435 亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶)270; 100 亠仆舒仂仂于 + 435 亠亟舒于亳亠仍亠亶) 6
  • 7. 弌仂亟亠亢舒仆亳亠: 仗仂仍亳亳亠从亳亠 舒仂亟 磦仍ム 仂仄仂亶 仂舒仆磳仄仂亶 于仂弍仂亟 仍仂于舒, 仂亞仍舒仆仂 亠于仂亶 仗仂仗舒于从亠. 仂 于亠仄 从舒从 从仂仗仂舒亳亳 亳仍亳 仂ミ継 仄仂亞 仆亠 亳仆舒仆亳仂于舒 仆亠仗仂亠亟于亠仆仆仂 从舒仄仗舒仆亳亳, 仂仆亳 仄仂亞 仗仂仗舒 舒亞亳亳仂于舒 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶 仗仂仄仂 亟亞亳 亠亟于, 于从仍ム舒 亠从仍舒仄, 仂仂弍亠仆仆仂 亠仍亳 亳 仂弍磦仍亠仆亳 仆亠 舒仆仍亳仂于舒仍亳. 亠亠仆亳亠: 5-4, 于 亰舒从仍ム亠仆亳亳 亟亳 亅仆仂仆亳 亠仆仆亠亟亳. 7
  • 11. 亠从仍舒仄舒 Sanders & ClintonSanders & Clinton Bernie Sanders https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2nwRiuh1Cug 仄亠亳从舒 http://usuncut.com/politics/bernie-sanders-supporter-ad/ -- 豫亳亳 Hillary Clinton https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMcSWonOBZs 丐亟亳! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6cFjU10IrqU&feature=youtu.be 亠亠仆亳 11
  • 12. 舒仆亟亳亟舒 于 亠亰亳亟亠仆 仂 亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆从仂亶 仗舒亳亳 12
  • 15. 亰仄亠仆亠仆亳亠 亠仄仂亞舒亳 亟亠仄仂从舒亳亠从亳 亳亰仄亠仆亠仆亳亠 亠仄仂亞舒亳 亟亠仄仂从舒亳亠从亳 亳 亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆从亳 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆从亳 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶 15
  • 16. p 16 Poll Date Samle MoE Clinton (D) Trump (R) Spread RCP Average 9/15 - 9/30 -- -- 47.5 44.4 Clinton +3.1 FOX News 9/27 - 9/29 911 LV 3.0 49 44 Clinton +5 LA Times/USC Tracking 9/24 - 9/30 2526 LV 4.5 42 47 Trump +5 PPP (D) 9/27 - 9/28 933 LV 3.2 49 45 Clinton +4 Reuters/Ipsos 9/22 - 9/26 1041 LV 3.5 44 38 Clinton +6 Quinnipiac 9/22 - 9/25 1115 LV 2.9 47 46 Clinton +1 Bloomberg 9/21 - 9/24 1002 LV 3.1 46 46 Tie Monmouth 9/22 - 9/25 729 LV 3.6 49 46 Clinton +3 Economist/YouGov 9/22 - 9/24 948 RV 3.8 48 44 Clinton +4 NBC News/SM 9/19 - 9/25 13598 LV 1.1 51 44 Clinton +7 ABC News/Wash Post 9/19 - 9/22 651 LV 4.5 49 47 Clinton +2 McClatchy/Marist 9/15 - 9/20 758 LV 3.6 48 41 Clinton +7 舒亳仂仆舒仍仆仂亞仂 仂仗仂舒
  • 17. 亠于亶 亟亠弍舒 亰舒 亠亰亳亟亠仆舒 https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=bgHQVLbJ-1E 17
  • 18. 仂仍仍亠亞亳 于弍仂亳从仂于仂仍仍亠亞亳 于弍仂亳从仂于 弍亰仂 亰亠弍亰仂 亰亠 亠亠亟 仗亠于仂亶 亟亳从亳亳亠亠亟 仗亠于仂亶 亟亳从亳亳 丐亠仄仆仂-亳仆亳亶 = 仂仂于亠仆仂 亟仍 仍亳仆仂仆, 弌于亠仍仂-亳仆亠- 亠仂仆仂, 亟仍 仍亳仆仂仆; 弌亠亶 = 亠仆舒; 丐亠仄仆仂-从舒仆亶 = 仂仂于亠仆仂 亟仍 丐舒仄仗舒, 于亠仍仂-从舒仆亶 = 亠仂仆仂, 亟仍 丐舒仄仗舒; Pink = 弍仂仍亠亠 于亠仂仆仂, 亠仄 仆亠 丐舒仄仗舒 18 STATE CLINTON TRUMP RCP AVERAGE RCP STATUS 2012 2008 2004 WA 12 MT 3 ND 3 NE2 VT NH 1 3 4 ME 2 ME2 1 OR 7 MN 10 ID 4 ME1 1 WY 3 SD 3 WI 10 MI 16 NY 29 MA 11 NV 6 NE 4 IA 6 OH 18 PA 20 RI 4 CA 55 UT 6 CO 9 IL IN 20 11 KS 6 WV 5 MO 10 VA 13 NC 15 AZ 11 KY 8 TN 11 CT 7 NM 5 OK 7 AR 6 SC 9 NJ 14 MS 6 AL GA 9 16 TX 38 LA 8 DE 3 AK 3 FL 29 M D 10 DC 3 HI 4
  • 19. A new national survey finds that Trump supporters overwhelmingly believe that life in America is worse than it was 50 years ago for people like them. Fully 81% of registered voters who support Trump say life has gotten worse, compared with just 11% who say it has gotten better (6% say it is about the same). Most Clinton supporters take the opposite view: 59% say life for people like them has gotten better over the past half-century, while 19% think it has gotten worse and 18% see little change. The candidates supporters have contrasting expectations for the nations future. Trump backers are broadly pessimistic 68% say life for the next generation will be worsethan today. Clinton supporters have mixed assessments. Nearly four-in-ten (38%) say life will be better, 28% say it will be about the same and just 30% say it will be worse. 19 仂仍仂仂于舒于亳亠 舒仂亟 仂 仂亞仂, 亞亟亠仂仍仂仂于舒于亳亠 舒仂亟 仂 仂亞仂, 亞亟亠 仄亠亳从舒 弍仍舒 亳 从亟舒 仂仆舒 亟于亳亢亠仄亠亳从舒 弍仍舒 亳 从亟舒 仂仆舒 亟于亳亢亠
  • 20. 亰仄亠仆亠仆亳 亠仄仂亞舒亳 亟亠仄仂从舒亳亠从亳亰仄亠仆亠仆亳 亠仄仂亞舒亳 亟亠仄仂从舒亳亠从亳 亳 亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆从亳 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶亳 亠仗弍仍亳从舒仆从亳 亳亰弍亳舒亠仍亠亶 20
  • 21. 亰弍亳舒亠仍 亟仂于仍亠于仂亠仆亳亠 于 于磶亳 亰弍亳舒亠仍 亟仂于仍亠于仂亠仆亳亠 于 于磶亳 从舒仆亟亳亟舒舒仄亳 于 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆 仆舒 弍仂仍亠亠 仆亳亰从仂仄从舒仆亟亳亟舒舒仄亳 于 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆 仆舒 弍仂仍亠亠 仆亳亰从仂仄 仂于仆亠 亰舒 仗仂仍亠亟仆亳亠 亟亠亳仍亠亳仂于仆亠 亰舒 仗仂仍亠亟仆亳亠 亟亠亳仍亠亳 21
  • 22. Clinton. However, just 49% of Republicans who backed other candidates for the partys nomination say the same. When it comes to the issues at the forefront of voters minds, the economy tops the list, with 84% of voters and similar shares across most demographic and political groups saying it is Economy and terrorism are top issues for voters in 2016 % of registered voters saying each is very important to their vote in 2016 very important to their vote. Terrorism also ranks high across the political spectrum. Other issues are seen as more important by backers of one of the candidates: Trump supporters are more likely than Clinton supporters to say immigration is very important to their vote (79% vs. 65%), though the importance of this issue across-the-board is substantially higher today than it was in 2008 or 2012. Conversely, though nearly eight-in-ten (79%) Clinton supporters view the treatment of racial and ethnic minorities as a very important issue to their vote, only 42% of Trump backers say the same. And while more than half of Clinton supporters (54%) say the treatment of gay, lesbian and transgender people is very important, just a quarter of E c o n o m y T e r r o r is m Foreign policy Health care Gun policy Im m ig r a t io n Social Security E d u c a t io n Supreme Court appts Treatment of racial, e t h n ic m in o r it ie s Trade policy E n v ir o n m e n t A b o r t io n Treatment of gay, lesbian, transgender people 84 80 75 74 72 70 67 66 65 63 57 52 45 40 Trump supporters agree. Note: Based on registered voters. Q40. Source: Survey conducted June 15-26, 2016. PEW RESEARCH CENTER 22
  • 23. 仆仂亞亳亠 舒仄亠亳从舒仆 亳舒ム, 仂 仂仆亳 仂舒ム 仂 仂亳仄仂亳 亢亳亰仆亳 仆仂亞亳亠亳舒ム,仂仂仆亳 仂舒ム仂仂亳仄仂亳亢亳亰仆亳 23
  • 24. 仂亳于仂亞仂仂亳于仂亞仂 Among those who choose Trump over Clinton in the head-to-head question on voter preferences, 55% say their choice is more a vote against Clinton than for Trump. A smaller share (41%) says their vote is more for Trump than against Clinton. In 2008 and 2000 (the two most recent presidential elections with no incumbent candidate), no more than about a third of those planning to support the Republican candidate said their choice was more a vote against the Democrat than for the Many Trump and Clinton supporters say v o t e i s a g a i n s t o t h e r c a n d i d a t e Would you say your choice is more a vote FOR or AGAINST ? Against other candidate For owncandidate Among Republican candidate supporters Republican. Negative voting is also widespread on the Democratic side. Among those planning to support Clinton in the general election, half (50%) say they think of their choice as more of a vote against Trump than for Clinton. About 2016 2012 2008 2004 2000 55 41 58 38 35 59 23 73 33 60 as many (48%) say their vote is more for Clinton than against Trump. The share of Democratic general election supporters who say they think of their vote more as a vote against the Republican candidate is higher Among Democratic candidate supporters than it was at this point in each of the past four presidential elections. 2004 2000 37 59 30 64 2016 50 48 2012 22 72 2008 25 68 24
  • 25. 仂亢亠 仍亳 仂 弍 亟亠亶于亳亠仍仆仂 于亠仆仂, 仂 亞-仆 丐舒仄仗仂亢亠 仍亳 仂 弍 亟亠亶于亳亠仍仆仂 于亠仆仂, 仂 亞-仆 丐舒仄仗 磦仍磳 亠亠亰仆仄 从舒仆亟亳亟舒仂仄 仆舒 仗仂 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆舒?磦仍磳 亠亠亰仆仄 从舒仆亟亳亟舒仂仄 仆舒 仗仂 仗亠亰亳亟亠仆舒? http://edition.cnn.com/2016/10/02/politics/donald-trump-taxes-fallout- questions/ http://edition.cnn.com/2016/10/01/politics/donald-trump-taxes-report-hillary- clinton/ https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/10/02/as-news- of-trumps-taxes-broke-he-goes-off-script-at-a-rally-in-pennsylvania/? postshare=1761475421661653&tid=ss_tw http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/03/us/politics/giuliani-calls-donald-trump-a- genius-for-minimizing-his-taxes.html?ref=todayspaper http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-taxes-20161002-snap- story.html 25
  • 26. ContactInformationContactInformation Ethan S. Burger, Esq. Fulbright Legal Specialist, Washington, D.C. Vilnius University // Washington College of Law ethansb@post.harvard.edu burger@American.edu esb34@georgetown.edu 1-917-291-3362 26