Lesson 2.pptx
- 1. The Rise of Stalin 1. Reasons for the rise of Stalin 2. Impact of Stalins rule- economic
- 2. Where Is Soviet Union? Soviet Unions land mass is so big that it spans two continents: Europe and Asia. Asia Europe
- 4. Quick Background Until 1918, Russia was a monarchy. The King was known as the Tsar and the Queen as the Tsarina. The last Tsar of Russia was Nicholas II. The royal family and the aristocrats lived a life of great luxury; however, the vast majority of Russians lived in poverty. Furthermore, 1.7 million Soviet Union soldiers were killed in World War I. This led to revolution. a country ruled by a king or queen In modern time, is there a country you know that has a great divide between the rich and the poor?
- 8. Before we judge, first, we must understand
- 9. The Russian Revolution A group of people called the Bolsheviks believed that Russia should not be ruled by a monarchy. In 1917, they seized power by taking control of government buildings and Tsar Nicholas abdicated. when a king or queen gives up their power. Nicholas, his wife and their five children were killed in 1918. Vladimir Lenin- founder of the Bolsheviks
- 10. Bolshevik Russian word for majority working class
- 11. Led by Lenin and Trotsky
- 12. Soon, Lenin fell ill and died in 1924
- 13. Who is the next successor?
- 14. 6 main contenders to replace Lenin
- 15. Quick Recap! How was life under the rule of Tsar? What type of governance did Soviet Union used to have? What led to the revolution? Who was the founder of Bolsheviks? Choose a colour. The king of Soviet Union was known as
- 16. How did Stalin rise to power?
- 17. Reasons for Stalins Rise to Power Non- disclosure of Lenins testament Trotskys unpopularity Stalins manipulation Lenin had become suspicious of Stalin made his views known in his Testament criticised his leading successors and advised Stalin to be removed as Secretary-General testament was not made public as Lenin had criticised all of them seen as arrogant- outspoken and argued with Lenin difference in beliefs- Soviet Union to incite other countries to rise in revolution but many Soviets were sick and tired of wars pretended to be closed to Lenin- to give impression he was the favoured one exploited the ideological divisions position as the Secretary- General of the Party meant he had power to promote his supporters and demote opposers Testament= a legal document to express ones wishes after their death
- 19. What do these tactics show you about Stalin?
- 20. Video Summary
- 21. So now that Stalin is in power, what did he do?
- 22. Stalin aimed to modernise the Soviet Union towards becoming a self-sufficient and military strong communist state.
- 24. Before Stalin Lenins New Economic Policy (NEP) - Farmers allowed to own land Allowed to sell extra for profits A new class of wealthy peasants formed- KULAKS Some kulaks hoarded crops to increase profits** People in cities affected
- 25. Stalin focused on Rapid Industrialisation Industrial Collectivisation Agricultural
- 26. - To modernise the USSR - Achieve the same economic and military levels as the Western powers - Stalin wanted the USSR to be an autarky (self-sufficient), without depending on trade with other countries We make good the difference in 10 years or they crush us Collectivisation - merging of small farms into larger collective farms - farmers worked as paid labourers Economic Policies Rapid industrialisation- 3 Five-Year Plans (set targets for industrial and agricultural developments)
- 27. Overview of Stalins Five-Year Plans for Rapid Industrialisation 1st Five Year Plans: 1928-1932 Concentrated on expanding industry such as coal, iron and steel productions Expand transport Expand power supply 2nd Five Year Plans: 1933-1938 Set high targets for everything under first plan Expand the production of manufactured products 3rd Five-Year Plan: 1939-1942 - Allowed the production of luxury goods such as bicycles and radios - Interrupted by war - Became geared towards war production such as developing armaments, tanks and weapons
- 28. How were the Five-Year Plans carried out? Loyal party members ran the committees that were set up and supervised all levels of industry To ensure that people would work hard Gave out ration cards for food, paid the workers and allocated housing. Food was rationed by the state Rewards for meeting targets Extra rations Punishment for not meeting targets Cut rations
- 29. Economic Impact: Collectivisation Merging of small individual farms into larger collective farms known as Kolkhozy
- 30. Economic Impact: Collectivisation Land owned by state Equipment provided by state
- 31. Economic Impact: Collectivisation Working hours, wages and quantity produced were fixed by state Excess crops exported to raise funds for industrialisation
- 32. Economic Impact: Collectivisation State provided equipment- increased efficiency Fewer farm workers needed More Russians can work in factories in the city
- 34. Collectivisation Hundreds of new factories were built> workforce expanded Factorises in cities would produce equipment for the mechanisation of farming Emphasis placed on heavy industries coal, iron, steel electricity > base for powerful arms industry Working hours and wages fixed
- 35. Collectivisation Food shortages in grain production and livestock- production was low because there was no incentive to increase productivity and harvests sold at fixed price; tractors frequently broke down The Great Famine- peasants killed their livestock and burnt or hid their crops to prevent them from being taken away by the state Little growth in consumer industries
- 36. Did Stalins Economic Policies HELP or HURT the Soviet Union?
- 37. Did Stalins Economic Policies HELP or HURT the Soviet Union?
- 38. Video Summary
- 39. Impact of Stalins Rule Economic Political Social Wanted to rapidly industrialise the Soviet Union to achieve the same economic and military levels as the Western powers Collectivisation Rapid industrialisation Great Terror Propaganda State control of society Living in fear Impact of policies on various social groups
- 40. Quick Recap! What was Stalins focus? Name 2 main impact on the Soviets economy. Name one positive outcome of Stalins economic policies. Name one negative outcome of his economic policies. Choose a colour. How many 5-year plans did he have?
- 41. 2.1Challenges in deciding what is good for society
- 42. Being a part of Singapore Society Chapter 1:What does it mean to be a Citizen of my Country? Chapter 2:How do we decide what is good for society? Chapter 3:How can we work for the good of society?
- 44. The Principal has given every class the sum of a month for to spend on furniture and upgrades to your classroom.
- 45. 1. What would you spend the money on? 2. Which would you buy or upgrade first? Number your listaccording to priority. 3. Would every item on your list benefit everyone ?
- 49. Physical comfort Better facilities/ equipment More study aids/ materials Things related to their interests More entertainment
- 60. 1.Two or more goals cannotbeachievedat the sametime. 2.Only one can,so the other goal/smust be discarded.
- 62. Singapore has a limitedland area.
- 63. Jobs Housing Transport Recreation Water catchment Nature and environment conservation etc. This land must satisfy manyneeds
- 64. When land is used for one purpose, like transport, then it can nolongerbe usedfor other purposes.
- 66. A new road was proposed to easetrafficcongestionon LornieRoad This road would cut through one of Singaporesoldestcemeteries
- 67. Over 5 000 graves of Singapore pioneers, some dating back to 1833, would be destroyed. The habitat of over 30 endangered species of animals would be reduced.
- 69. The Casefor PreservingBukit BrownCemetery TheGovernments Response 1. Singapores precious history and heritage 2. Singapores shrinking natural environment 3. Singapores shrinking animal species 4. Alternative plans or locations not properly considered 1. Easetraffic congestion on Lornie Road 2. Easetraffic congestion on the nearby PIE 3. Reducetravel time 4. New highway will serve futurehousingprojects near the Bukit Brown area