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Measurement scale and statistical tests

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JaynesFlores

1. The document discusses measurement scales and selecting appropriate statistical tests based on the scale of measurement. It defines nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio scales and provides examples. 2. Descriptive statistics like measures of central tendency differ depending on the scale - nominal uses mode, ordinal uses median, interval/ratio uses mean. 3. Inferential tests also depend on scale - parametric tests are for interval and ratio, nonparametric for nominal and ordinal. 4. The document provides a process for researchers to determine the appropriate statistical analysis based on their study design and variable measurement scales.

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FLORES, JAYNES FAMERONAG MEASUREMENT SCALE AND STATISTICAL TESTS
PRELIMINARIES 1. PRAYER 2. GREETINGS 3. CHECKING OF ATTENDANCE 4. ETC.
CONTENT STANDARD: The learners demonstrate an understanding of the data collection and analysis. PERFORMANCE STANDARD: The learner is able to gather and analyze data with intellectual honesty, using suitable techniques.
Learning Competency: Uses statistical techniques to analyze data study of differences and relationships limited for bivariate analysis (CS_RS12_IId-g-3) OBJECTIVES: A. Differentiate the four types of measurement scale; B. Classify the type of measurement scale for the given data; and C. Plan and decide the type of test (parametric or nonparametric) and measures of central tendency based from the measurement scale/s or type of data involved.
ELICIT Statistical Tests/Tools Descriptive Inferential range t-test frequency percentage Chi-square test Spearman rho ANCOVA percentile mean median
ELICIT Statistical Tests/Tools Descriptive Inferential range / t-test / frequency / percentage / Chi-square test / Spearman rho / ANCOVA / percentile / mean / median /
ELICIT 1 The level of data (nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio). 2 The number of groups/samples in your research study. 3 Were the data collected from independent groups/samples or from related groups? 4 The characteristics of the data (i.e. distribution of the data) HOW TO SELECT THE STATISTICAL TEST YOU NEED TO USE?
First things first. Know what to know first.
ENGAGE Levels of Measurement ORDINALNOMINAL INTERVAL RATIO
A. NOMINAL SCALE Used for labelling variables A variable with no quantitative value Discrete / Categorical data No order or distance observed Examples: eye color, business type, religion, civil status, gender, yes or no response, ethnic group, and race
B. ORDINAL SCALE Has two or more categories that can be ranked. Discrete data Has order or level Examples: Honor roll, order of agreement, and level of happiness
C. INTERVAL SCALE Has equal units of measurement Has no TRUE zero. Can be added and subtracted but cannot be multiplied and divided Example: temperature
D. RATIO SCALE Has a characteristic of an interval but has TRUE ZERO All statistical operations can be performed. Can be added, subtracted, multiplied and divided. Examples: Height, weight, scores, speed, distance, volume, etc.
EXPLORE GROUP TASK Classify the underlined research data/variable as nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio. Write N for nominal, O for ordinal, I for interval, and F for ratio. 1-3. Is there as significant relationship between the number of hours spent in playing Mobile Legends and seriousness /severity of eye problems?
EXPLORE 3-4. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of: a. Ethnicity; and b. Age? 5. Is there a significant difference in the Mean Percentage Score (MPS) of experimental and control group?
Rubric: 5 Excellent All variables are classified accurately. 4 Very Satisfactory Four out of five variables are classified accurately. 3 Satisfactory Three out of five variables are classified accurately. 2 Fair Only two out of five variables are classified accurately. 1 Needs Improvement One or no variables are classified accurately.
EXPLORE INDIVIDUAL TASK Direction: Write N if the variable is nominal; O for ordinal; I for interval; and R for ratio. 1. Educational attainment 2. Size of shoes 3. Level of Agreement 4. Temperature 5. Number of children 6. Political affilitiation 7. Monthly income 8. Number of Hours exposed to Coronavirus Infected Person 9. Grade Point Average )GPA) 10. Pet type
EXPLAIN
EXPLAIN Measurement Before Stat Analysis Suggested Tune: Catriona (Matthaios) Statistical tool to use in research depends on measurement scale (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Nominal for quali data like sex and race And if compared from the rest, no order or distance besh. Statistical tool to use in research depends on measurement scale (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Ordinal for rank, order or intensity And in research it exists, like job rank or honor roll. Statistical tool to use in research depends on measurement scale (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Interval does not have a true zero Can be added or subtracted like temperature scale. Statistical tool to use in research depends on measurement scale (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Ratio has true zero like height, weight and test scores Unlike interval can be multiplied or divided.
ELABORATE TYPES OF VARIABLE BEST MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY NOMINAL Mode ORDINAL Median INTERVAL/RATIO (NOT SKEWED) Mean INTERVAL/RATION (SKEWED) Median
PARA OR NON-PARA (INFERENTIAL) PARAMETRIC NONPARAMETRIC INTERVAL NOMINAL RATIO ORDINAL
Measurement scale and statistical tests
Measurement scale and statistical tests
Best measure of central tendency depends on these scales (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Best for N is mode, For O is median For I is mean or median and for R, mean/median too. Inferential statistics also depends on these scales (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Interval and ratio use parametric tests. Therefore ordinal and nominal for non parametric.
EVALUATE Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before each number. 1. Which of the following variables is/are discrete? I. Nominal II. Ordinal III. Interval IV. IV. Ratio a. I only c. III and IV only b. I and II only d. I, II, III and IV
2. Which of the following measurement scales has a true zero? a. Nominal c. Ordinal b. Interval d. Ratio 3. Which of the following does not provide mean as a measure of central tendency? a. Nominal b. Ordinal c. Interval d. Ratio 4. Which of the following can be added and subtracted? a. Nominal b. Ordinal c. Interval d. Ratio EVALUATE
EVALUATE 5. Which of the following is classified as nominal? I. Hair Color II. Nationality III. Religious Affiliation IV. Military ranks a. I only c. IV only b. b. II and III only d. I, II and III only 6. Which of the following is classified as ordinal? a. Stages of Cancer/Severity c. Volume b. Temperature d. Civil Status
EVALUATE 7. Which of the following is classified as interval? a. Level of Sadness b. Temperature c. Size of shoes d. Political Affiliation 8. What is the best measure of central tendency for an ordinal variable? a. Mode c. Median b. Mean d. Mean or Mode
EVALUATE 9. In what type/s of variable or measurement scale is parametric test appropriate? I. Nominal II. Ordinal V. Interval VI. Ratio a. I only c. III and IV only b. I and II only d. I, II, III and IV only 10. A group tried an innovative teaching strategy to two groups of Grade 12 students and compared the pretest and posttest scores of the two groups. What type of variable/measurement scale is available in this study and what type of inferential test will be used? a. nominal, parametric c. interval, nonparametric b. ordinal, nonparametric d. ratio, parametric
EXTEND REAL TALK Have a brainstorming and round table discussion to decide what measure/s of central tendency (descriptive) and inferential test (parametric or nonparametric test) will you use after determining your type of measurement scale/s involved.

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Measurement scale and statistical tests

  • 2. PRELIMINARIES 1. PRAYER 2. GREETINGS 3. CHECKING OF ATTENDANCE 4. ETC.
  • 3. CONTENT STANDARD: The learners demonstrate an understanding of the data collection and analysis. PERFORMANCE STANDARD: The learner is able to gather and analyze data with intellectual honesty, using suitable techniques.
  • 4. Learning Competency: Uses statistical techniques to analyze data study of differences and relationships limited for bivariate analysis (CS_RS12_IId-g-3) OBJECTIVES: A. Differentiate the four types of measurement scale; B. Classify the type of measurement scale for the given data; and C. Plan and decide the type of test (parametric or nonparametric) and measures of central tendency based from the measurement scale/s or type of data involved.
  • 6. ELICIT Statistical Tests/Tools Descriptive Inferential range / t-test / frequency / percentage / Chi-square test / Spearman rho / ANCOVA / percentile / mean / median /
  • 7. ELICIT 1 The level of data (nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio). 2 The number of groups/samples in your research study. 3 Were the data collected from independent groups/samples or from related groups? 4 The characteristics of the data (i.e. distribution of the data) HOW TO SELECT THE STATISTICAL TEST YOU NEED TO USE?
  • 8. First things first. Know what to know first.
  • 10. A. NOMINAL SCALE Used for labelling variables A variable with no quantitative value Discrete / Categorical data No order or distance observed Examples: eye color, business type, religion, civil status, gender, yes or no response, ethnic group, and race
  • 11. B. ORDINAL SCALE Has two or more categories that can be ranked. Discrete data Has order or level Examples: Honor roll, order of agreement, and level of happiness
  • 12. C. INTERVAL SCALE Has equal units of measurement Has no TRUE zero. Can be added and subtracted but cannot be multiplied and divided Example: temperature
  • 13. D. RATIO SCALE Has a characteristic of an interval but has TRUE ZERO All statistical operations can be performed. Can be added, subtracted, multiplied and divided. Examples: Height, weight, scores, speed, distance, volume, etc.
  • 14. EXPLORE GROUP TASK Classify the underlined research data/variable as nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio. Write N for nominal, O for ordinal, I for interval, and F for ratio. 1-3. Is there as significant relationship between the number of hours spent in playing Mobile Legends and seriousness /severity of eye problems?
  • 15. EXPLORE 3-4. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of: a. Ethnicity; and b. Age? 5. Is there a significant difference in the Mean Percentage Score (MPS) of experimental and control group?
  • 16. Rubric: 5 Excellent All variables are classified accurately. 4 Very Satisfactory Four out of five variables are classified accurately. 3 Satisfactory Three out of five variables are classified accurately. 2 Fair Only two out of five variables are classified accurately. 1 Needs Improvement One or no variables are classified accurately.
  • 17. EXPLORE INDIVIDUAL TASK Direction: Write N if the variable is nominal; O for ordinal; I for interval; and R for ratio. 1. Educational attainment 2. Size of shoes 3. Level of Agreement 4. Temperature 5. Number of children 6. Political affilitiation 7. Monthly income 8. Number of Hours exposed to Coronavirus Infected Person 9. Grade Point Average )GPA) 10. Pet type
  • 19. EXPLAIN Measurement Before Stat Analysis Suggested Tune: Catriona (Matthaios) Statistical tool to use in research depends on measurement scale (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Nominal for quali data like sex and race And if compared from the rest, no order or distance besh. Statistical tool to use in research depends on measurement scale (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Ordinal for rank, order or intensity And in research it exists, like job rank or honor roll. Statistical tool to use in research depends on measurement scale (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Interval does not have a true zero Can be added or subtracted like temperature scale. Statistical tool to use in research depends on measurement scale (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Ratio has true zero like height, weight and test scores Unlike interval can be multiplied or divided.
  • 20. ELABORATE TYPES OF VARIABLE BEST MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY NOMINAL Mode ORDINAL Median INTERVAL/RATIO (NOT SKEWED) Mean INTERVAL/RATION (SKEWED) Median
  • 21. PARA OR NON-PARA (INFERENTIAL) PARAMETRIC NONPARAMETRIC INTERVAL NOMINAL RATIO ORDINAL
  • 24. Best measure of central tendency depends on these scales (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Best for N is mode, For O is median For I is mean or median and for R, mean/median too. Inferential statistics also depends on these scales (Yes Sir!) Classified as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio (scale) Interval and ratio use parametric tests. Therefore ordinal and nominal for non parametric.
  • 25. EVALUATE Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before each number. 1. Which of the following variables is/are discrete? I. Nominal II. Ordinal III. Interval IV. IV. Ratio a. I only c. III and IV only b. I and II only d. I, II, III and IV
  • 26. 2. Which of the following measurement scales has a true zero? a. Nominal c. Ordinal b. Interval d. Ratio 3. Which of the following does not provide mean as a measure of central tendency? a. Nominal b. Ordinal c. Interval d. Ratio 4. Which of the following can be added and subtracted? a. Nominal b. Ordinal c. Interval d. Ratio EVALUATE
  • 27. EVALUATE 5. Which of the following is classified as nominal? I. Hair Color II. Nationality III. Religious Affiliation IV. Military ranks a. I only c. IV only b. b. II and III only d. I, II and III only 6. Which of the following is classified as ordinal? a. Stages of Cancer/Severity c. Volume b. Temperature d. Civil Status
  • 28. EVALUATE 7. Which of the following is classified as interval? a. Level of Sadness b. Temperature c. Size of shoes d. Political Affiliation 8. What is the best measure of central tendency for an ordinal variable? a. Mode c. Median b. Mean d. Mean or Mode
  • 29. EVALUATE 9. In what type/s of variable or measurement scale is parametric test appropriate? I. Nominal II. Ordinal V. Interval VI. Ratio a. I only c. III and IV only b. I and II only d. I, II, III and IV only 10. A group tried an innovative teaching strategy to two groups of Grade 12 students and compared the pretest and posttest scores of the two groups. What type of variable/measurement scale is available in this study and what type of inferential test will be used? a. nominal, parametric c. interval, nonparametric b. ordinal, nonparametric d. ratio, parametric
  • 30. EXTEND REAL TALK Have a brainstorming and round table discussion to decide what measure/s of central tendency (descriptive) and inferential test (parametric or nonparametric test) will you use after determining your type of measurement scale/s involved.