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Editor's Notes

• #3: The starting point is easy. ��Simply put, artificial intelligence is a sub-field of computer science. Its goal is to enable the development of computers that are able to do things normally done by people -- in particular, things associated with people acting intelligently. Stanford researcher John McCarthy coined the term in 1956 during what is now called The Dartmouth Conference, where the core mission of the AI field was defined. If we start with this definition, any program can be considered AI if it does something that we would normally think of as intelligent in humans. ��How the program does it is not the issue, just that is able to do it at all. That is, it is AI if it is smart, but it doesn’t have to be smart like us.
• #4: The starting point is easy. ��Simply put, artificial intelligence is a sub-field of computer science. Its goal is to enable the development of computers that are able to do things normally done by people - in particular, things associated with people acting intelligently. Stanford researcher John McCarthy coined the term in 1956 during what is now called The Dartmouth Conference, where the core mission of the AI field was defined. If we start with this definition, any program can be considered AI if it does something that we would normally think of as intelligent in humans. ��How the program does it is not the issue, just that is able to do it at all. That is, it is AI if it is smart, but it doesn’t have to be smart like us.
• #5: Many now argue that AI will power a productivity explosion so great that it will destroy jobs faster than the economy can keep up, creating an unemployed underclass that will be dominated by an elite class of “machine owners.” The apocalyptic views that AI will kill jobs suffer from two major errors. The first is that they vastly overestimate the capabilities of AI to replace humans. It is particularly hard to automate large numbers of jobs with AI, because virtually all AI is “narrow AI,” designed to focus on doing one thing really well. So, in many occupations, the introduction of AI may not lead to job loss at all; it may instead increase output, quality, and innovation. The second reason is that there is always scope for other fields opening up. With new technology, there come opportunities too. ��Just that the requirement or the skill set would be different.
• #6: Many now argue that AI will power a productivity explosion so great that it will destroy jobs faster than the economy can keep up, creating an unemployed underclass that will be dominated by an elite class of “machine owners.” The apocalyptic views that AI will kill jobs suffer from two major errors. The first is that they vastly overestimate the capabilities of AI to replace humans. It is particularly hard to automate large numbers of jobs with AI, because virtually all AI is “narrow AI,” designed to focus on doing one thing really well. So, in many occupations, the introduction of AI may not lead to job loss at all; it may instead increase output, quality, and innovation. The second reason is that there is always scope for other fields opening up. With new technology, there come opportunities too. ��Just that the requirement or the skill set would be different.
• #7: There’s no guarantee that AI will destroy us, or that we won’t find ways to control and contain it. As AI theorist Eliezer Yudkowsky said, “The AI does not hate you, nor does it love you, but you are made out of atoms which it can use for something else.” Nothing is guaranteed, and no one can be sure what form AI will take, and how it might endanger humanity. Artificial intelligence could actually be used to control, regulate, and monitor other AI. Or, it could be imbued with human values, or an overriding imposition to be friendly to humans.
• #8: There’s no guarantee that AI will destroy us, or that we won’t find ways to control and contain it. As AI theorist Eliezer Yudkowsky said, “The AI does not hate you, nor does it love you, but you are made out of atoms which it can use for something else.” Nothing is guaranteed, and no one can be sure what form AI will take, and how it might endanger humanity. Artificial intelligence could actually be used to control, regulate, and monitor other AI. Or, it could be imbued with human values, or an overriding imposition to be friendly to humans.
• #9: Before addressing the potential negative impacts of AI, it is important to differentiate the capabilities of systems available today that can compete with humans on games and systems that exhibit true��consciousness. The types of AI that exist today are not conscious and are thus more limited in their behavior. It is unlikely that these systems will be placed in positions that could��jeopardize��the health of humans. Modern AI is seen much more as an assistant that makes recommendations to the human who ultimately makes the decision. Even as AI matures and approaches, the capabilities imagined for the positronic brain it will still be expected to��fulfill��all the rules and regulations that humans do. The speculation about harm to humans is mostly speculative and anticipates a future where AI is��conscious��and can execute an evil agenda. There are no examples of��conscious��computers and no sign this will be part of our near future. As such, the speculation about harm is more in the science fiction realm at this point and thus more about generating headlines than reality.
• #10: Before addressing the potential negative impacts of AI, it is important to differentiate the capabilities of systems available today that can compete with humans on games and systems that exhibit true��consciousness. The types of AI that exist today are not conscious and are thus more limited in their behavior. It is unlikely that these systems will be placed in positions that could��jeopardize��the health of humans. Modern AI is seen much more as an assistant that makes recommendations to the human who ultimately makes the decision. Even as AI matures and approaches, the capabilities imagined for the positronic brain it will still be expected to��fulfill��all the rules and regulations that humans do. The speculation about harm to humans is mostly speculative and anticipates a future where AI is��conscious��and can execute an evil agenda. There are no examples of��conscious��computers and no sign this will be part of our near future. As such, the speculation about harm is more in the science fiction realm at this point and thus more about generating headlines than reality.
• #11: The biggest myths in AI are as follows: (1) "AIs won't have emotions." They most likely will. Emotions are the effect low-level/instinctive drives and the anticipations of rewards. (2) "If AIs have emotions, they will be the same as human emotions." There is no reason for AIs to have self-preservation instincts, jealousy, etc. But we can build into them altruism and other drives that will make them pleasant for humans to interact with them and be around them. Most AIs will be specialized and have no emotions. Your car's auto-pilot will just drive your car.
• #12: The biggest myths in AI are as follows: (1) "AIs won't have emotions." They most likely will. Emotions are the effect low-level/instinctive drives and the anticipations of rewards. (2) "If AIs have emotions, they will be the same as human emotions." There is no reason for AIs to have self-preservation instincts, jealousy, etc. But we can build into them altruism and other drives that will make them pleasant for humans to interact with them and be around them. Most AIs will be specialized and have no emotions. Your car's auto-pilot will just drive your car.