Western Australia's identity is strongly tied to the black swan symbol, which appears on the state crest. However, WA was late in formally adopting this crest, largely due to historical debates around the direction the swan faced on state flags. Originally, some flags depicted the swan facing sinister (left), rather than dexter (right) as it appears today. This caused confusion and controversy over several decades in the 1900s as the state worked to solidify its symbols. Research into early records and discussions with heraldic authorities eventually led officials to conclude the dexter positioning of the swan was correct and this is now formalized in state law. However, the origins and reasoning behind the original sinister depiction remain unclear.
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Sinister swan
1. SUMMERS, Lise
Seeking the sinister swan.
Western Australia's identity is firmly connected to the symbolism of the black swan - it forms part of the State's
crest for example. But Western Australia was quite late in developing or formally registering the crest, and really
only did so following a controversy about the way in which the swan was depicted on certain flags in the city.
Rather than swimming towards the flag pole, or dexter, these swans, determinedly different, swam to the
sinister.
Coat of arms – Barnett replaced 'globe badge' Sept 2008 – Had a history in being involved
in symbols of state.
Previously involved in getting State Flag Act 2006 in place – 2nd
reading speech 1 June
(Foundation Day) fixed the swan to dexter - was previously to sinister – rationale –
direction disrespected the union jack – say what? We've been giving the bird to the UK?
How long for? Why? Was there some meaning in the swan's direction? In fact, the swan
had generally been swimming to the right since 1953, when Athol Thomas had raised it in
November in an editorial article in the Western Mail. The Australian flag Bill was in train,
and flags on the national agenda. Swans both dexter and sinister were seen on flags
around town, and was causing some confusion; however, disrespect was not mentioned.
Clarification as to which way the swan swam was required. The State Flag Act 2006
formally prevented anyone from changing the swan around.
But still left with question of why it had swum to the left.
Twenty years earlier, the flag and the badge on which it was based, were causing
confusion. The question of trade mark for the state was being discussed, and the State
badge was a natural contender. However, the question of the direction of the Swan
needed to be confirmed. 1934 'secession flag' showed a sinister swan, as does the official
Admiralty book of Imperial flags.. received in WA in 1936.
Secession flag – Governor's flag with wreath and crown replace by black orle.
Throughout July and August in 1936 the airmail letters flew between Louis Shapcott and
the Agent General in London. Expending an unauthorised, and somewhat debatable,
guinea, the Agent General deployed researchers to look at archives in Kew, talk to the
heralds, and to the Admiralty. Agent general concludes that the sinister swan must have
been identified and instituted sometime between 1829 and 1858, and the dexter use of the
swan, not just right, but proper. Not sure I agree – about the time that is, not the swan.
Revisiting the origins of the flag.
1866 – Admiralty gives permission for 'defacing' the Blue Ensign – follow up with a second
despatch in 1869. Weld aware that WA has not done this, so in 1870 creates a state
ensign drawing a picture (not found). 1874 Weld comments on the seal and 'coat of arms'
on gazette. Robinson, in 1875, notes that there is both a governor's flag - a swan in centre
of UJ is governor's badge, but approves swan next to UJ as flag, and for nearly 100 years
so it is. (Again no picture found). Robinson sends three images of the seal, but does not
comment on the direction of the swan.
Weld also approves the badge for Tasmania in 1876, again lion to sinister. But changed
very quickly to dexter.
Conclusion – Weld is heraldically dyslexic, or is having a pun or punne on words – what is
blazon. sinister because not representative government, convicts, or rather that it is in a
cadet position – baton sinister?
2. So why hunt for the sinister swan – mere antiquarianism or something more. Moral – need
to be more visually literate. Coat of arms 2008 a brand for government, indicating at first
glance, a degree of gravitas, of history and legitimacy, that may be exaggerated. Meaning
is lost, or distorted, over time. Myths become more prevalent. Need to view and review
both history and the sources we use. In the meantime, the swan on the WA parliament
badge, and the legislative assembly both swim to sinister. So does the swan representing
WA on the Commonwealth coat of arms. Next time you're in Perth, look at the coat of
arms above the post office. Oh, and try to figure out what the kangaroo and the emu are
looking at.