HH and ppe
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This document discusses infection control practices related to hand hygiene and personal protective equipment (PPE). It describes different zones of cleanliness for patient environments, including single patient rooms and multi-bed rooms. It emphasizes the importance of disinfecting shared patient equipment between uses. It also defines key terms like antiseptic, disinfectant, sterilization and outlines different types of isolation precautions including contact, droplet/contact and airborne precautions.
HH and ppe
- 1. Infection control Hand Hygiene and Personal Protective Equipment Mohammed Awwad RN,ICU,IPC
- 2. Clean Care is Safer Care
- 3. Two Different Zones Environment beyond the patients immediate area Single patient room Outside of the room Multi-bed room Everything outside of the patients bed area This is the patients area. Single room: Everything in the patients room. Multi-bed room Everything in immediate proximity to the patient. Health Care Environment Patient Environment
- 10. Disinfection of Equipment All shared patient equipment needs to disinfected between patients i.e. Accel wipes Viability of Organisms in the Environment (Rescue wipes)
- 11. Normal Bacterial Skin Flora: Normal human skin is colonized with bacteria; different areas of the body have varied total aerobic bacterial counts (e.g., 1 x 106 colony forming units (CFUs)/cm2 on the scalp, 5 x 105 CFUs/cm2 in the axilla, 4 x 104 CFUs/cm2 on the abdomen, and 1 x 104 CFUs/cm2 on the forearm) (13). Total bacterial counts on the hands of medical personnel have ranged from 3.9 x 104 to 4.6 x 106 (14--17). Definition of Terms Alcohol-based hand rub. An alcohol-containing preparation designed for application to the hands for reducing the number of viable microorganisms on the hands. Antimicrobial soap. Soap (i.e., detergent) containing an antiseptic agent. Antiseptic agent. Antimicrobial substances that are applied to the skin to reduce the number of microbial flora. Examples include alcohols, chlorhexidine, chlorine, hexachlorophene, iodine, chloroxylenol (PCMX), quaternary ammonium compounds, and triclosan. Antiseptic hand wash. Washing hands with water and soap or other detergents containing an antiseptic agent. Antiseptic hand rub. Applying an antiseptic hand-rub product to all surfaces of the hands to reduce the number of microorganisms present. Decontaminate hands. To Reduce bacterial counts on hands by performing antiseptic hand rub or antiseptic hand wash.
- 12. Hand hygiene. A general term that applies to either handwashing, antiseptic hand wash, antiseptic hand rub, or surgical hand antisepsis. Hand antisepsis. Refers to either antiseptic hand wash or antiseptic hand rub. Handwashing. Washing hands with plain (i.e., non-antimicrobial) soap and water. Disinfectants are antimicrobial agents that are applied to the surface of non-living objects to destroy microorganisms that are living on the objects. Disinfection does not necessarily kill all microorganisms, especially resistant bacterial spores; it is less effective than sterilization, which is an extreme physical and/or chemical process that kills all types of life. Disinfectants are different from other antimicrobial agents such as antibiotics, which destroy microorganisms within the body, and antiseptics, which destroy microorganisms on living tissue. Disinfectants are also different from biocides the latter are intended to destroy all forms of life, not just microorganisms. Disinfectants work by destroying the cell wall of microbes or interfering with the metabolism. Sterilization (or sterilization), referring to any process that eliminates, removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life and other biological agents (such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, spore forms, prions, unicellular eukaryotic organisms such as Plasmodium, etc.) present in a specified region, such as a surface, a volume of fluid, medication, or in a compound such as biological culture media.
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- 20. 惷 惠悵惘: ≒悋惶悋惺 悋悖惴悋惘 悋愕惠悽惆悋 惺惆悸 悋愀悸 悖惺惆悋愕悸悋惘惷 惡悋愆惘 惡愆. *悋悋惴惡悸悋悖惴悋 惠 惺惘.
- 21. Contact Precautions The most common form of isolation required PPE required Common examples: viral GI infections, undiagnosed rashes shingles, herpes simplex AROs (except MRSA)
- 22. Contact Precautions MRSA 30% of people are nasally colonized with S. aureus community prevalence PPE gloves, gown, & procedure mask Outbreaks warrant searching for a staff carrier
- 23. Droplet/Contact PPE required Common examples: Respiratory viral agents (RSV, Parainfluenza, Adenovirus, Influenza A & B) Pertussis Meningitis (Neisseria meningitidis)
- 24. Airborne Precautions Common examples: Varicella (chicken pox) Measles Pulmonary/laryngeal TB Disseminated zoster (shingles>1 dermatome)