China’s Maritime Capabilities - Captain (Retd) James Fanell
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Presentation delivered by Captain (Retd) James Fanell, Government Fellow, Geneva Centre for Security Policy at the RUSI International Sea Powers Conference 2017 - A European Net Assessment of the PLA(N). 23 February 2017
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Bold Alligator 2012 was significantly more than an amphibious exercise. And in a real sense it was not. It was a littoral force engagement exercise leveraging the seabase to operate over a very large battlespace. And it was an exercise which pick up some of the lessons learned off of Libya and are carrying them forward into the 21st Century.
When compared to the last major amphibious exercise conducted in 1996 “Operation Purple Star,” one of the clear differences was the impact of the Osprey. The speed and range of the Osprey demonstrated in both Libyan operations and in Bold Alligator provided glimpses of the future. The seabase can be linked ship to ship, from ship to shore, from shore to ship and back again. During the exercise, the Osprey landed on the USNS Robert E. Peary, a T-AKE ship and, indeed, participated in the raid 185 miles away on Fort Pickett.
As the chief coalition officer involved in the exercise, Lt. Commander Pastoor argued, “This really is about power projection from the sea and the ability to move the insertion force from and to the sea base and to operate throughout the battlespace.”
The promise of the ESG enabled by the Osprey and the coming F-35B is really rather simple. The ESG enabled by the Osprey and the F-35B is neither a Carrier Battle Group nor an Amphibious Ready Group. It is far more flexible than a CBG, in that it is a modular mix and match capability, which clearly can include allies as it did in the Exercise or in the operations off of Libya. And it is not simply an “ARG on steroids,” as one of the Harrier squadron commander noted. “It is far more capable.”
An ESG will allow for an economy of force whereby the ARG-MEU can be scaled up to include other sea based on air assets to allow for dominance of the battlespace. It is scalable both in terms of assets contained within the sea base or contributed by various land support structures, air or ground.
According to the 2nd MEF commander in the exercise, Brigadier General Owens, who will soon be moving to Okinawa, by strengthening the ability of the seabase to provide for logistics ashore, one can insert force without moving an iron mountain with it ashore. And “we get away from that image of amphibious assault where we’re going into a limited area, and that you have limited places you can land, so the enemy knows you’re coming to one of these two places. The goal of the ESG is to hit them where they’re not!”
The distributed character of the sea base seen in this exercise and highlighted by the evolving ESG allows for a modular mix and match quality. And this mix and match quality can embody the key elements of what one wants in 21st century forces: presence, economy of force and scalability.
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Today's Rhumb Lines provides an update on the Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) and the LCS program. The LCS will establish and maintain dominance in near-shore environments (littorals), a critical part of the Navy's ability to provide deterrence, sea control, and power projection around the world.
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Center for Asia Studies, ChennaiThe 2021 Outlook for Navy Shipbuilding: Prospects and Challenges in Building ...
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国家人才库入库：认证后，你的信息将被纳入国家人才库，并且可以在国家人才网等平台上展示，供包括500强公司等大型公司挑选和聘用人才。这对于回国找工作特别是进入大公司，具有非常积极的作用。The top salaries of of City of Reno employees
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These slides were presented at a webinar organised by the World Bank’s Social Protection and Environment Global Departments, in a partnership with the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), titled 'Blue social protection: supporting countries in leveraging in social protection for sustainable fisheries'.
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专业评定：留信认证不仅认证你的学位证书，还会对你的所学专业进行评定。这有助于展示你的学术背景，特别是对于国内公司而言，能够清楚了解你所学专业的水平和价值。
国家人才库入库：认证后，你的信息将被纳入国家人才库，并且可以在国家人才网等平台上展示，供包括500强公司等大型公司挑选和聘用人才。这对于回国找工作特别是进入大公司，具有非常积极的作用。
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- 1. The “China Dream” & China’s Shipbuilding Industry The Case for a 500 Ship Navy James Fanell Captain, U.S. Navy (Retired) Government Fellow Geneva Centre for Security Policy 23 February 2017
- 3. 3 We must…continue to work hard to actualize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.” – PRC President Xi Jinping, March 2013 “Resolutely safeguard China’s maritime rights and interests, and build China into a maritime power” ” – PRC President Xi, Nov 2012 PRC President Xi Jinping – Chairman of Central Maritime Rights Protection Leading Small Group (中央海洋权益工作领导小组), PRC Path to Rejuvenation… Maritime Supremacy
- 4. PLAN NOB in 2000: 66x SSBN/SSN/SS 0x CV 58x DDG/DD/FF 0x Corvettes 60x Amphibs 100x Missiile PCs Source: USCC Aug. 2013 2000 Advanced Attack Submarines Advanced Fighter/ Strike Aircraft Short Range Ballistic Missiles Advanced ASCM Capable Surface Combatants (DDG/DD/FF) = 25 Fighters = 2000 = 3 Submarines = 5 Surface Vessels 1.6 per year DDG/DD/FFs (2000-2004) = 25 Ballistic Missiles - Source: CRS 2014 =
- 5. 2015 Advanced Fighter/ Strike Aircraft Short Range Ballistic Missiles Advanced Attack Submarines Advanced ASCM Capable Surface Combatants (DDG/DD/FF) * 2014 & 2105 Budget Increased >10%/year = 25 Fighters = 2000 = = 3 Submarines = 2015 = 5 Surface Vessels 4.2 per year DDG/DD/FFs (2010-2014) = 25 Ballistic Missiles - Source: CRS 2014 = 1 Aircraft Carrier Aircraft Carrier PLAN NOB in 2015: 75x SSBN/SSN/SS 1x CV 88x DDG/DD/FFG 25x Corvettes 55x Amphibs 85x Missiile PCs Source: USCC Aug. 2013
- 6. 2000 - 2015 The “Molting”of the PLAN 2015 - 2030 PLAN “Metamorphosis”
- 7. Naval Shipbuilding Trends Supporting Expansion ? Capacity Trends ? Shift from modernization to expansion ? Growth in export market ? CCG & commercial shipbuilding capacity ? Capability Trends ? Increased preference for and quality of indigenous ship design ? More technologically advanced and efficient shipbuilding
- 8. China’s Ocean Consciousness ? Future Operational Requirements –Near Seas Active Defense –Far Seas Operations –Good Will Deployment –Surge Operations /Amphibious –Maritime Silk Road –Carries Strike Groups –SLBM Patrols
- 9. 2030 PLAN NOB in 2030: 99x SSBN/SSN/SS 4x CV 102x DDG/DD/FFG 26x Corvettes 73x Amphibs 111x Missiile PCs Relative Combat Power & Presence 1999 2005 20152010 2020
- 10. How to Build a 500-ship Navy …according to John Lehman, former U.S. Secretary of the Navy – Articulate a Compelling Strategy – Slash Bureaucratic Bloat – Demand Line Management Accountability Infusion – Increase Competition within Shipbuilding Industry
- 11. Achieve National Rejuvenation Rise to World Stage Economic Reform & Opening Up 2040 1949 1978 1989 2008 2020 2030 Tiananmen Massacre 20 yrs 20 yrs Decade of Concern Period of Calm We cannot wait forever for a political solution to Taiwan. – PRC President Xi Jinping, October 2013, at APEC Forum Decade of Concern 11
- 12. Questions / Discussion Contact: j.fanell@gcsp.ch