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molecular biology biology dna biochemistry biotechnology cell biology grassland ecosystem desert ecosystem aquatic ecosystem ecosystem gene cloning recombinant dna technology plasmid vectors restriction enzymes replication dna synthesis chemistry of dna synthesis dna structure dna conformation nucleic acid late blight of potato early blight of potato black stem rust of wheat carbohydrate biomolecules polysaccharide sugar lipid fatty acids phospholipid triglyceride nucleus nuclear envelope nuclear pore complex lamin nucleolus dna packaging cell cycle regulation of cell cycle cyclin cdc2 environmental science undergraduate compulsory envs course thallus organization in fungi fungal sporocarp plasmogamy plant molecular biology plant biotechnology southern blot analysis northern blot analysis western blot analysis characterization of transgenics chromosomal aberration deletion duplication translocation inversion trisomy monosomy autopolyploidy allopolyploidy flowering floral development phytochrome photoperiodism forest ecosystem citrus canker plant diseases plant pathology phytopathology translation protein synthesis protein translation ribosome trna history of dna discovery experiments griffith's experiment avery mccarty and macleod's experiment hershey and chase's experiment fraenkel and conrat's experiment fungi introduction to fungi mycology fungal spores fungal cell wall sexual reproduction in fungi vernalization