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- 1. PRESENTED BY Dr. Vitnor S. S. (Assistant professor Department of Agricultural Botany) Semester- II (DSY) New Course No- BOT-121 Course Title- Fundamentals of crop physiology Course Credits- 1+ 1=02
- 2. BOT 121 : Fundamentals of Crop Physiology THEORY Lecture Topic Weitage (%) 1 Introduction to Crop Physiology and its importance in Agriculture 5 2 Plant cell- structure, cell organelles and their role 5 3-4 Absorption of water and path of water. Ascent of sap and theories of ascent of sap 10 5 Transpiration- Definition, types , structure of stomata, physiology of stomata, factors affecting transpiration, Water use efficiency & factors affecting W.U. E. 5 6 Mineral nutrition of plants. Classification of mineral element, criteria of essentiality. General and specific role of mineral element and deficiency symptoms, mechanism of mineral element uptake. 10 7-8 Photosynthesis : Definition pigment involved, structure of chloroplast, light reaction- Photolysis of water, Emersion effect, Cyclic and non cyclic electron transfer, Significance of light reaction. 10 9 Dark reaction- C3, C4 and CAM plants factors affecting photosynthesis, Photorespiration 5
- 3. Lecture Topic Weitage (%) 10 Respiration- Definition, types, glycolsis TCA cycle and electron transport chain 10 11 Fat metabolism- fatty acid synthesis and break down 5 12 Plant Growth Regulators, Definition, types , physiological role and Agricultural uses of PGRS. 10 13 Growth : Definition, types of growth, measurement of growth, growth analysis 5 14-15 Physiological aspects of growth and development of important cereals, pulses and oil seed crops 15 16 Photoperiodism- Definition, types, SDP, LDP and Day neutral plants- Induction a flowering and florigene concept 5 Total 100
- 4. Experiment Topic 1. Study of plant cell 2. Study of imbibitions 3. Study of osmosis 4. Study of plasmolysis 5. Study of root pressure 6. Measurement of rate of transpiration 7. Study of structure and distribution of stomata 8. Estimation of relative water content of tissue 9. Study of separation of photosynthetic pigment through paper chromatography 10. Measurement of rate of photosynthesis by different methods PRACTICAL
- 5. Experiment Topic 11. Study of respiration and respiratory quotient 12. Rapid tissue tests for macro-elements 13. Rapid tissue tests for micro-elements 14. Study of use of PGR in fruit ripening 15. Effect of osmotic pressure on seed germination. 16. Measurement of Plant growth. PRACTICAL
- 6. What is Plant Physiology? Literal Definition: In Greek: physis = nature and logos = word Discourse on the nature of plants Definition: Science of how plants develop, grow, and respond to their environment at the cellular & biochemical level
- 7. Crop: it is a group of plants grown as a community in a specific locality and, for a specific purpose. Crop Physiology : Crop physiology is the study of the ways in which plant physiological processes are integrated to cause whole plant responses in communities. The subject matter of crop physiology includes the ways in which the knowledge of plant physiology is applied for better management of crops.
- 11. IMPORTANCE OF CROP PHYSIOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE: 1. Seed Physiology 2. Optimum seedling growth and plant population 4. Harvest index 5. Mode of action of different weedicides 6. Nutriophysiology 7. Photoperiodism 8. Plant growth regulators 9. Indian agriculture being predominantly rainfed in nature 10. Among Several physiological approaches, transpiration efficiency or water use efficiency 11. Post-harvest Physiology Post harvest losses of agriculture and horticulture