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Project_Sanaul_Huq_Vic_Medow

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Sanaul Huq

Among the key findings of the document: 1. A study of major crimes in Vickery Meadow from 2012-2014 found high concentrations of crimes like murder and rape in certain locations, with a rate of about 1.4 crimes per acre. 2. Maps showed that while there are light poles installed, some areas still have sparse lighting and higher crime densities, indicating that "sparsely-lit is no safer than un-lit". 3. Analysis of light pole buffer zones suggested that the northern part of Vickery Meadow had better connected illumination and lower crime, while the southern part had more disjointed lighting and higher crime.

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2/10/2015 1 SPARSLY-LIT IS NO SAFER THAN UN-LIT Spatial Analysis on the effect of Outdoor Lights as a Deterrent to Crimes in Vickery Medow CEE 7391 December 2014 Submitted by S a n a u l H u q Sparsely-litisno SaferthanUn-lit Sparsely-litisno SaferthanUn-lit Major Crimes Table: Total 24 Major Crimes Map Sl No OBJECTID Incidence Date Offense Type 1 75 3/25/2014 MURDER 2 98 3/19/2014 RAPE 3 254 1/25/2014 RAPE 4 326 1/8/2014 RAPE 5 972 7/24/2013 RAPE 6 1206 6/15/2013 RAPE 7 1217 6/12/2013 RAPE 8 1419 5/4/2013 RAPE 9 1746 2/19/2013 RAPE 10 2067 12/13/2012 RAPE 11 2131 11/28/2012 RAPE 12 2300 10/24/2012 RAPE 13 2470 9/22/2012 MURDER 14 2479 9/22/2012 MURDER 15 2512 9/14/2012 RAPE 16 2689 7/2/2012 RAPE 17 2711 7/20/2012 RAPE 18 2924 6/12/2012 MURDER 19 2936 6/9/2012 RAPE 20 2937 6/9/2012 MURDER 21 3356 3/4/2012 MURDER 22 3450 2/24/2012 RAPE 23 3487 5/6/2012 RAPE 24 3554 9/2/2012 RAPE Major Crimes Scenario Murder and Rape S a n a u l H u q Among crimes murder and rape are among those considered particularly heinous. There is a table and a map. The table was sorted from the master attribute table of crimes between 2012- 2014. The map is a selected feature map of those crimes data displayed on a GIS map. The other layers are - Vickery Medow Group Block - Structures - Street The maps indicate that crime is concentrated around certain locations of Vickery Medow. The other consideration is the density of crimes in relation to the lots and areas.
2/10/2015 2 Contextual Maps of Two Parameters at Vickery Medow: Crimes and Outdoor Lights S a n a u l H u q Crimes in relation to the lots : Secondary Data Each dot representing one incident: Total 2398 (2012- Apr 2014) Illumination in relations to Lots : Primary Data Each black dot representing one pole : Total 819 This map document is a graduated symbol map of crimes joined with the lights layer. This gives a ratio of crimes per acre. Which is about 1.4 per acre. It also gives an measure of density and identifies lots more prone to crimes. For safety and security of residents and visitors cities and businesses install outdoor lights. The question is whether presence of lights deter crimes. Map demonstrates that there are locations with lights but is also prone to crimes. S a n a u l H u q Graduated Symbol map of Crimes and Lots superimposed with Light Poles
2/10/2015 3 S a n a u l H u q The objective of this map document is to find the rings of influence of lights. The primary data was incorporated in four phases: 1 Create base maps from print- outs of Google Maps and taping them to larger blocks 2 Digitize light poles into a GIS map as point features using eye estimation 3 Physically survey site and edit them on the base map 4 Create buffers from 10 feet to 100 feet circles to suggest impact of these lights on visibility. Map shows that the level of illuminations are greatest along the streets and around businesses. Multiple Ring Buffer Gravity Model of Illumination S a n a u l H u q Crime and Illumination Density Compared
2/10/2015 4 S a n a u l H u q Zoomed Multiple Ring Gravity Model : North Vickery Medow Gravity model states that the further two poles are from each other, the less is the level of illumination between them. This zoomed section of the northern part have most of the rings connected and there are fewer incidence of crime. S a n a u l H u q Zoomed Multiple Ring Gravity Model : South Vickery Medow This model of the southern part have more of the rings disjointed to each other suggesting to be less-lit and the density of crimes are higher compared to the north This map and the previous one indicates that there are locations with lights but is also prone to crimes.
2/10/2015 5 S a n a u l H u q Raster Map Layers Raster mapping tool is used for spatial analysis in this map to create a continuous less discrete image that can be easily integrated. An extraction by mask of blocks has been used. Geoprocessing environments of crimes and lights gave contours with variable shades. The greener ones depict safer areas with higher level of illumination. Shades tending towards red depict less safe areas having poor illumination. This map indicates that there are specific areas of ill-lit high risk zones in Vickery Medow. The next two images show the 20-foot cell kernel densities created from the raster layer using the Standard Deviation classification. Raster Laster S a n a u l H u q Kernel Density of Light Pole Buffers : North from 10 to !00 feet rings
2/10/2015 6 S a n a u l H u q Kernel Density of Light Pole Buffers : South from 10 to !00 feet rings S a n a u l H u q Converted Buffer Layer to Raster Image : North The final documents shows the contrast between the north and south zones. The objective was to find locations that have high crime rates and are candidates for higher illumination standards. These are results of queries on kernel-density of crimes for areas with densities of illumination. Contours tending towards green-to-yellow- to red show graveness. The north surface is more green with very little red.
2/10/2015 7 S a n a u l H u q Converted Buffer Layer to Raster Image : South The south consisting of roads like Melody, Ridgecrest, Hemlock, Slopes, Eastridge, and Shadybrook are particularly vulnerable. The south surface has considerable red and yellow contours. These areas are also areas high in refugee population. The study and the mapping analysis Sparsely-lit is no Safer than Un-lit indicate the following for Vickery Medow: 1. Poorly lit areas are more prone to crimes, and 2. Refugees are at a disadvantage in terms of socio-economic sustainability. Comments & questions sahuq@smu.edu S a n a u l H u q

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Project_Sanaul_Huq_Vic_Medow

  • 1. 2/10/2015 1 SPARSLY-LIT IS NO SAFER THAN UN-LIT Spatial Analysis on the effect of Outdoor Lights as a Deterrent to Crimes in Vickery Medow CEE 7391 December 2014 Submitted by S a n a u l H u q Sparsely-litisno SaferthanUn-lit Sparsely-litisno SaferthanUn-lit Major Crimes Table: Total 24 Major Crimes Map Sl No OBJECTID Incidence Date Offense Type 1 75 3/25/2014 MURDER 2 98 3/19/2014 RAPE 3 254 1/25/2014 RAPE 4 326 1/8/2014 RAPE 5 972 7/24/2013 RAPE 6 1206 6/15/2013 RAPE 7 1217 6/12/2013 RAPE 8 1419 5/4/2013 RAPE 9 1746 2/19/2013 RAPE 10 2067 12/13/2012 RAPE 11 2131 11/28/2012 RAPE 12 2300 10/24/2012 RAPE 13 2470 9/22/2012 MURDER 14 2479 9/22/2012 MURDER 15 2512 9/14/2012 RAPE 16 2689 7/2/2012 RAPE 17 2711 7/20/2012 RAPE 18 2924 6/12/2012 MURDER 19 2936 6/9/2012 RAPE 20 2937 6/9/2012 MURDER 21 3356 3/4/2012 MURDER 22 3450 2/24/2012 RAPE 23 3487 5/6/2012 RAPE 24 3554 9/2/2012 RAPE Major Crimes Scenario Murder and Rape S a n a u l H u q Among crimes murder and rape are among those considered particularly heinous. There is a table and a map. The table was sorted from the master attribute table of crimes between 2012- 2014. The map is a selected feature map of those crimes data displayed on a GIS map. The other layers are - Vickery Medow Group Block - Structures - Street The maps indicate that crime is concentrated around certain locations of Vickery Medow. The other consideration is the density of crimes in relation to the lots and areas.
  • 2. 2/10/2015 2 Contextual Maps of Two Parameters at Vickery Medow: Crimes and Outdoor Lights S a n a u l H u q Crimes in relation to the lots : Secondary Data Each dot representing one incident: Total 2398 (2012- Apr 2014) Illumination in relations to Lots : Primary Data Each black dot representing one pole : Total 819 This map document is a graduated symbol map of crimes joined with the lights layer. This gives a ratio of crimes per acre. Which is about 1.4 per acre. It also gives an measure of density and identifies lots more prone to crimes. For safety and security of residents and visitors cities and businesses install outdoor lights. The question is whether presence of lights deter crimes. Map demonstrates that there are locations with lights but is also prone to crimes. S a n a u l H u q Graduated Symbol map of Crimes and Lots superimposed with Light Poles
  • 3. 2/10/2015 3 S a n a u l H u q The objective of this map document is to find the rings of influence of lights. The primary data was incorporated in four phases: 1 Create base maps from print- outs of Google Maps and taping them to larger blocks 2 Digitize light poles into a GIS map as point features using eye estimation 3 Physically survey site and edit them on the base map 4 Create buffers from 10 feet to 100 feet circles to suggest impact of these lights on visibility. Map shows that the level of illuminations are greatest along the streets and around businesses. Multiple Ring Buffer Gravity Model of Illumination S a n a u l H u q Crime and Illumination Density Compared
  • 4. 2/10/2015 4 S a n a u l H u q Zoomed Multiple Ring Gravity Model : North Vickery Medow Gravity model states that the further two poles are from each other, the less is the level of illumination between them. This zoomed section of the northern part have most of the rings connected and there are fewer incidence of crime. S a n a u l H u q Zoomed Multiple Ring Gravity Model : South Vickery Medow This model of the southern part have more of the rings disjointed to each other suggesting to be less-lit and the density of crimes are higher compared to the north This map and the previous one indicates that there are locations with lights but is also prone to crimes.
  • 5. 2/10/2015 5 S a n a u l H u q Raster Map Layers Raster mapping tool is used for spatial analysis in this map to create a continuous less discrete image that can be easily integrated. An extraction by mask of blocks has been used. Geoprocessing environments of crimes and lights gave contours with variable shades. The greener ones depict safer areas with higher level of illumination. Shades tending towards red depict less safe areas having poor illumination. This map indicates that there are specific areas of ill-lit high risk zones in Vickery Medow. The next two images show the 20-foot cell kernel densities created from the raster layer using the Standard Deviation classification. Raster Laster S a n a u l H u q Kernel Density of Light Pole Buffers : North from 10 to !00 feet rings
  • 6. 2/10/2015 6 S a n a u l H u q Kernel Density of Light Pole Buffers : South from 10 to !00 feet rings S a n a u l H u q Converted Buffer Layer to Raster Image : North The final documents shows the contrast between the north and south zones. The objective was to find locations that have high crime rates and are candidates for higher illumination standards. These are results of queries on kernel-density of crimes for areas with densities of illumination. Contours tending towards green-to-yellow- to red show graveness. The north surface is more green with very little red.
  • 7. 2/10/2015 7 S a n a u l H u q Converted Buffer Layer to Raster Image : South The south consisting of roads like Melody, Ridgecrest, Hemlock, Slopes, Eastridge, and Shadybrook are particularly vulnerable. The south surface has considerable red and yellow contours. These areas are also areas high in refugee population. The study and the mapping analysis Sparsely-lit is no Safer than Un-lit indicate the following for Vickery Medow: 1. Poorly lit areas are more prone to crimes, and 2. Refugees are at a disadvantage in terms of socio-economic sustainability. Comments & questions sahuq@smu.edu S a n a u l H u q