The SDGs and the Post-2015 Process
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Presentation by Paula Caballero from the Columbian government on the need for a single agenda with a single set of Goals that will serve to align priorities, efforts and resources to tackle the major development challenges of our times.
The SDGs and the Post-2015 Process
- 1. The SDGs and the Post-2015 Process Regional Conference on Sustainable Development Bogot叩, 7-9 March 2013 PDF printable version Paula Caballero Advisor to Minister Mar鱈a Angela Holgu鱈n, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Colombia and Member of the High Level Panel Director of Economic, Social, and Environmental Affairs Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Colombia
- 2. Colombias Proposal on the Endpoint The Post 2015 exercise, which should be developed as a single overarching process, should culminate in agreement on: A single agenda with a single set of Goals that will serve to align priorities, efforts and resources to tackle the major development challenges of our times.
- 3. Principles of the New Agenda The new agenda must be universal in scope, but allow for differentiation between national contexts Equity must be centerpiece: Within countries Between countries Intergenerational Gains should be irreversible Long-term sustained poverty eradication is only possible in a context of sustainble development Global level issues must be taken into account (eg trade, international finance, migration.)
- 4. Concerns regarding the MDGs In the homestretch to 2015, efforts to accelerate MDG implementation could be undermined Basic issues prioritized by the MDGs would lose visibility and remain unfinished The focus on poverty eradication could be lost We need to avoid it!
- 5. Continued Relevance of the MDGs The targets of the MDGs are so basic and essential that they must be included in a post 2015 framework It is not valid to believe that the key issues the MDGs address will not remain as important post 2015 as they have been to date. THE MDG TARGETS WILL LIVE ON
- 6. Drawbacks to 2 Separate Agendas Establishes a divide between poverty and sustainable development these are not separate challenges Positions poverty eradication as actionable only within an agenda of minimums Comprehensive and sustained poverty eradication demands investments and policies beyond a pro-poor focus Sustained poverty eradication is not just about ODA
- 7. Drawbacks to 2 Separate Agendas Fragments efforts and focus at both national and global levels Maintains an artificial separation between countries and in some cases, within countries Will not reflect the planet in 20 years Makes it impossible to articulate global level issues
- 8. Drawbacks to 2 Separate Agendas Generates unmanageable overlaps between the two agendas: for example, in terms of finance, infrastructure (energy, water, housing, transport) Creates serious difficulties in terms of monitoring, reporting and overall accountability Creates additional administrative burdens: for example, two separate review conferences?
- 9. Benefits of Convergence Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon Poverty gains must be irreversible An agenda of minimums will not deliver sustained, systemic poverty eradication and will definitely not deliver long-term wellbeing .. Real poverty eradication demands that we also plan and provide for an emerging global middle class As Jeffrey Sachs recently said with regards to these two processes, keeping them apart would be devastating to both agendas.
- 10. Benefits of Convergence The new agenda must reflect the deep interlinkages between issues: clean water and infant mortality; education and productive lives As we exceed the planets carrying capacity, a BAU scenario cannot deliver sustained poverty reduction Degradation of natural resources and resource scarcities are root causes of poverty Sustainability is NOT a green agenda: it is about the sustained well- being of a globalized society on a planetary scale The main problem is overconsumption by the richest. Professor Hans Rosling
- 11. A Conceptual Model (these potential global goals are for illustrative purposes only) Food Security & Nutrition (FS) Water (W) Gender (G) Equity (E) FS-Target A W-Target A G-T Target A E-T Target A FS-Target B W-Target B G-T Target B E-T Target B FS-Target C W-Target C G-T Target C E-T Target C
- 12. A Conceptual Model (these potential global goals are for illustrative purposes only) Food Security & Nutrition (FS) Water (W) that thereGender (G)a It is foreseeable will need to be Equity (E) target linking food security agriculture to water availability. This same target would therefore be relevant for a potential global FS-Target A W-Target A goal on water. Target A G-T E-T Target A FS-Target B W-Target B G-T Target B E-T Target B FS-Target C W-Target C G-T Target C E-T Target C
- 13. A Conceptual Model (these potential global goals are for illustrative purposes only) Food Security & Nutrition (FS) Water (W) Gender (G) Equity (E) Similarly, it is foreseeable that in order to deliver on a potential global goal on gender, access to G-T Target A services and W-Target A FS-Target A E-T Target A resources would need to be ensured. Thus a target on access to water could FS-Target B W-Target B G-T Target B E-T Target B be shared between a potential goal on GENDER and a potential goal on WATER. FS-Target C W-Target C G-T Target C E-T Target C Other examples of shared targets are indicated by the small icons located alongside the targets under the different potential global goals.
- 14. How does this work in practice? The following slides illustrate, using a potential Candidate Global Goal on HEALTH, how the MDG targets could be incorporated into a more comprehensive Global Goal in order to arrive at a single set of Global Goals for the Post 2015 framework.
- 15. MDGs Target 1C: hunger In theory the MDG targets related to HEALTH Target 4A: under-five are MDG 4, 5 and 6. mortality rate Target 5A: the maternal However, other MDG targets are clearly of mortality ratio great relevance to delivering health to the Target 5B: reproductive health. global population. These would include 1C (hunger) , 7C (sanitation) and 7D (slums) Target 6A : HIV/AIDS Target 6B: treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it Target 6C: malaria and other major diseases Target 7C: drinking water and basic sanitation
- 16. Elements for MDGs transformational change and well-being However, in order to fully Target 1C: hunger Increased healthy deliver on sustained and life expectancy Target 4A: under-five irreversible gains in mortality rate Increased life improved HEALTH for the Target 5A: the maternal mortality ratio expectancy overall global population, other Healthy context elements should be Target 5B: reproductive health. considered. Infrastructure for Target 6A : HIV/AIDS health and human The column to the left Target 6B: treatment for resources indicates what some of HIV/AIDS for all those Universal coverage these elements might who need it be. Target 6C: malaria and other major diseases Target 7C: drinking water and basic sanitation
- 17. Elements for MDGs transformational Candidate Global Goal change and well-being Target 1C: hunger Improved healthy life expectancy (HALE) Increased healthy life expectancy Communicable diseases: MDG 6 (Target 6A, B and C) Target 4A: under-five mortality rate Non-communicable diseases Increased life Access to reproductive health: MDG 5B Target 5A: the maternal expectancy overall mortality ratio Increased life expectancy Target 5B: reproductive Healthy context Child mortality: MDG 4A health. Maternal mortality: MDG 5A Infrastructure for Target 6A : HIV/AIDS Adult mortality health and human resources Healthy context Target 6B: treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those Improve live of slum-dwellers: MDG7D who need it Universal coverage water and sanitation: MDG 7C Target 6C: malaria and Access to healthy food and nutrition other major diseases Health system Target 7C: drinking water Financing and basic sanitation Human resources for health assistance Health infrastructure (hospitals, ambulances, roads) Universal Coverage
- 18. MDGs Elements for transformational Candidate Global Goal change and well-being Target 1C: hunger Improved healthy life expectancy (HALE) In this proposed healthy Increased global goal, all the MDG expectancy targets life Health related Communicable diseases: MDG 6 (Target 6A, B and C) Target 4A: under-five are reflected. These are mortality rate Non-communicable diseases inscribed within potential Increased life Access to reproductive health: MDG 5B Target 5A: the maternal targets that provide a more expectancy overall mortality ratio holistic approach to HEALTH. Increased life expectancy Target 5B: reproductive Healthy context Child mortality: MDG 4A health. Maternal mortality: MDG 5A Infrastructure for Target 6A : HIV/AIDS Adult mortality health and human resources Healthy context Target 6B: treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those Universal coverage Improve live of slum-dwellers: MDG7D who need it Universal coverage water and sanitation: MDG 7C Target 6C: malaria and Access to healthy food and nutrition For example,diseases other major non communicable diseases are included as this is a Health system growing global health concern for all countries. Similarly, the Target 7C: drinking water Financing target of health system provides for financing, health and basic sanitation practitioners, and necessary infrastructure, to actually be able to Human resources for health assistance deliver on the MDG target themselves as well as on any additional Health infrastructure (hospitals, ambulances, roads) targets. Universal Coverage
- 19. MDGs Elements for transformational Candidate Global Goal change and well-being Target 1C: hunger Improved healthy life expectancy (HALE) Increased healthy life expectancy Communicable diseases: MDG 6 (Target 6A, B and C) Target 4A: under-five mortality rate Non-communicable diseases Increased life Access to reproductive health: MDG 5B Target 5A: the maternal expectancy overall mortality ratio Increased life expectancy Target 5B: reproductive Healthy context Child mortality: MDG 4A health. Maternal mortality: MDG 5A Infrastructure for Target 6A : HIV/AIDS Adult mortality health and human resources Healthy context Target 6B: treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those Universal coverage Improve live of slum-dwellers: MDG7D Secutiry Food who need it Universal coverage water and sanitation: MDG 7C Water Target 6C: malaria and Access to healthy food and nutrition other major diseases Health system Target 7C: drinking as noted in the slide on the In addition, water Financing conceptual model, key targets may be shared and basic sanitation Infrastructure Human resources for health assistance between global goals. In this case, the Health infrastructure (hospitals, ambulances, roads) linkages, for example to water, food security and infrastructure, are critical. Universal Coverage
- 20. How does this work in practice? The following slide illustrates, using the same logic of the preceding example, how the model would apply to a potential Candidate Global Goal on FOOD SECURITY - in order to arrive at a single set of Global Goals for the Post 2015 framework.
- 21. Elements for MDGs transformational Candidate Global Goal change and well-being Sustainability of food supply Target 1C: Halve, Sustainable food between 1990 and supply Avoid food waste across the production- 2015, the proportion supply-consumption chain of people who suffer Avoided food waste Improved productivity of soils and from hunger oceans and avoided soil and ocean degradation Productive soils Equitable access to food and oceans Physical access to healthy food CANDIDATE GLOBAL GOAL Equitable access Economical access to healthy food ON to food Avoided price volatility FOOD Nutrition control Healthy nutrition SECURITY Avoided under and over-nutrition & NUTRITION or obesity Global food system Zero stunting management
- 22. Elements for MDGs transformational Candidate Global Goal change and well-being Sustainability of food supply Target 1C: Halve, Sustainable food between 1990 and supply Avoid food waste across the production- 2015, the proportion supply-consumption chain of people who suffer Water Avoided food waste Improved productivity of soils and oceans from hunger Improved productivity of soilsdegradation and avoided soil and ocean and oceans and avoided soil and ocean degradation Productive soils Equitable access to food and oceans Physical access to healthy food CANDIDATE GLOBAL GOAL Equitable access Economical access to healthy food ON to food Avoided price volatility FOOD Nutrition control Healthy nutrition SECURITY Health Avoided under and over-nutrition & NUTRITION or obesity Global food system Zero stunting management
- 23. How to make the new Agenda UNIVERSAL? In addition to the MODEL for the Global Goals, it is also important to UNIVERSAL EQUITABLE reflect on how we are going to deliver on a characteristic that there seems to be broad agreement on: the new development agenda must be UNIVERSAL
- 24. Principles of the New Agenda A framework that is: UNIVERSAL & EQUITABLE .requires a method for differentiation Because: - We face global challenges - As a globalized society we are highly interdependent - We have regional, national and local specificities
- 25. Balancing Requirements Need to provide for: Tailored to national priorities and Global coherence circumstances Global level factors Incorporating the Minimum standards Balance multidimensional Comparability and between challenges of aggregation at global top-down development including levels & poverty eradication and bottom-up sustainability
- 26. A Basic Architecture to Deliver on Differentiation As many have suggested, the best architecture would provide for global goals that focus on global development priorities & challenges targets and indicators tailored to national priorities and circumstances How to make this operational?
- 27. How to deliver on these Principles: a two-tiered approach Agreement on a few salient global priorities=G Goals Global dashboard with a nucleus of targets and indicators for each agreed Goal: Define a set of official targets and indicators under each Global Goal Countries can determine which they sign up to
- 28. National Specificity In addition Countries can define additional targets and/or indicators
- 29. National Specificity Each country sets its own quantitative benchmarks and baselines 2015 2015
- 30. What the dashboard could look like: Criteria for setting targets and indicators Reflect a spectrum of progress at least in three dimensions: Development Sustainability Inclusiveness Dynamic: countries can move to more ambitious deliverables as they achieve given indicators Measurable: information/data exists or requisite capacity building is within sight Note: some targets will focus on specific issues, others should address interlinkages
- 31. Convergence in a Single Set of Goals Delivers An agenda of wellbeing beyond minimums Sustianbility for long-term human progress within planetary boundaries Irreversibility of the gains achieved MDGs are conserved Overcomes the false poverty-sustainability divide Avoids fragmentation of efforts at national and international levels A universally relevant agenda sensitive to local specificities throught differentiation
- 32. The Task Ahead Our task is to come up with a framework and tools that are as effective as the MDGs were to enable us, as a global community, to tackle the great development challenges of our times. Minister Mar鱈a Angela Holgu鱈n Thank you