UKPSC Horticulture Syllabus.pdf
- 1. 40 Biotechnology- a double edged sword. Gene cloning, Gene transfer technology. Gene bank and cryopreservation. Transgenesis. Genetically modified animals and plants. Totipotency. Tissue culture. Biopesticides. Biofertilizers. Single cell protein (SCP) and their importance. Current general Knowledge and Current Scientific Advancement with these topics. UNIT XIII. BIOINFORMATICS: Basic knowledge of computer and its components. Input and output devices RAM and ROM. Software and Hardware. Current general Knowledge and Current Scientific Advancement with these topics. 3.Horticulture UNIT-I Agricultural and horticultural zones, Classification and distribution of field crops, multiple cropping, mixed cropping, intercropping, relay and alley cropping, cultural practices for major field crops cereals, pulses, oil seeds and fodder crops; Green manuering: Crop rotation; Physical and chemical properties of soil, soil classification: Manure and fertilizers; Different methods of irrigation; Weed Management; Measures of central tendency: mean, mode, median, geometric mean, harmonic mean, percentiles and quartile for raw and grouped data, dispersion: range, standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation for raw and grouped data, correlation: scatter diagram, correlation coefficient and its properties, regression: Water relations in plants, study of stomata, guttation, transpiration, mechanism of stress tolerance, photosynthesis, photorespiration, respiration, phytohormones, physiological role in controlling plant process, unfruitfulness, physiology of training and pruning; Importance of microbes in horticulture. Classifications of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals; Mendelian genetics-Mendels principles of heredity, Chromosome theory of inheritance, gene interaction, cytoplasmic inheritance and maternal effects, chemical basis of heredity, structure and component of nucleic acids, replication, transcription and translation, physical basis of heredity, cell reproduction, mitosis, meiosis and its significance, gametogenesis and syngamy in plants, mutations.
- 2. 41 Orchard Management system; Organic Farming Introductory economics-meaning and scope, factors of production, law of returns and law of demand; Extension and rural development programmes in India, Agroforestry system, subsystem and practice: agri-silviculture, silvipastoral, horti-silviculture. hortisilvipastoral, shifting cultivation, teungya, home gardens, alley cropping, intercropping, wind breaks, shelterbelts and energy plantations; Mushroom Cultivation; Current general Knowledge and Current Scientific Advancement with these topics. UNIT-II Fruit Crops: Horticultural classification of fruits including genome classification, importance of fruit crops in nutrition and national economy, detailed study of area, production and export potential, varieties, climate and soil requirements, propagation techniques, planting density and systems, after care, training and pruning, water, nutrient and weeds management, use of plant growth regulators, physiological disorders, important insect-pests and diseases and their control measures, post-harvest technology. harvest indices, harvesting methods, grading, packaging and storage of the following crops viz, mango, banana, bael, grapes, citrus, papaya, sapota, guava, pineapple, jackfruit, avocado, Pomegranate, fig. litchi, ber, aonla, annona, jamun, carissa, date palm, phalsa, apple, pear, peach, apricot, cherry, strawberry. kiwi, almond, walnut, pecan nut, hazel nut and chestnut. Vegetable Crops: Horticultural classification of vegetables including genome classification, importance of cool season vegetable crops in nutrition and national economy, detailed study of area, production and export potential, varieties, climate and soil requirements, seed rate, preparation of field, nursery practices; transplanting of vegetable crops and planting for directly sown/transplanted vegetable crops, spacing, planting systems, water and weed management, nutrient management and deficiencies, use of chemicals and growth regulators, cropping systems, harvest, yield and seed production, important insect -pests and diseases and their control measures, post-harvest technology, harvest indices, harvesting methods, grading, packaging, storage and marketing of temperate, tropical and subtropical vegetable crops viz cabbage, cauliflower, knol-khol, broccoli, Brussels sprout, lettuce, palak, Chinese cabbage,spinach, fenugreek, garlic, onion, leek, radish, carrot, turnip, beet root, peas, French bean, broad beans, rhubarb, asparagus, globe artichoke, tomato, brinjal, chillies, okra, amaranthus, cluster beans, cowpea, lab-lab, snap bean, cucurbits, moringa, curry
- 3. 42 leaf, potato, tapioca, sweet potato, arrow root, cassava, colocasia, xanthosoma, amorphophallus, dioscorea, jerusalem artichoke, horse radish. Plantation Crops: History and development, scope and importance, area and production, export and import potential, role in national and state economy, uses, industrial importance, by products utilization, soil and climate, varieties, propagation: principles and practices of seed, vegetative and micro- propagation, planting systems and method, gap filling, systems of cultivation, mulching, shade regulation, weed and water management, training, pruning and handling, nutrition, foliar feeding, role of growth regulators, soil management, liming practices, tipping practices, top working, physiological disorders, important insect- pests and diseases and their control measures, harvesting, post-harvest handling and processing, packaging and marketing, yield and economics of coconut, arecanut, oil palm, palmyrah palm, cacao, cashew nut, coffee, tea and rubber. Current general Knowledge and Current Scientific Advancement with these topics. UNIT-III Medicinal and Aromatic Crops: History, scope, importance, origin, distribution, production, climatic and soil requirements, propagation and nursery techniques, planting and aftercare, training and pruning, nutrient and water management, plant protection, harvesting, processing, therapeutic and pharmaceutical uses and economics of medicinal and aromatic plants viz. pepper, cardamom, clove, ginger, turmeric, betelvine, periwinkle, rauvolfia, dioscorea, isabgol, Ammi majus, belladonna, cinchona, pyrethrum, citronella grass, khus grass, sweet flag (bach), lavender, geranium, patchouli, bursera, mentha, muskdana (musk mallow) and ocimum. Spices and Condiments: History, scope and importance, area and production, uses, export potential and role in national economy, classification, soil and climate, seed, vegetative and micro propagation systems and methods of planting, nutrient management, irrigation practices, weed control, mulching and cover cropping, training and pruning practices, role of growth regulators, shade crops and shade regulation, harvesting, post-harvest technology, packaging, storage, value added products, methods of extraction of essential oil and oleoresins, economics of crops viz, cardamom, pepper, ginger, turmeric, clove, nutmeg, cinnamon, all spice, curry leaf, coriander, fenugreek, fennel, cumin, dill, celery, bishops weed, saffron, vanilla, thyme and rosemary. Current general Knowledge and Current Scientific Advancement with these topics.
- 4. 43 UNIT-IV Floriculture: Scope and importance of floriculture industry, classification of flowers and ornamental plants, detailed study of area, production and export potential, varieties, climate and soil requirements, seed rate, preparation of field, nursery practices; transplanting of flower crops and planting for directly sown/transplanted flower crops, spacing, planting technique, water and weed management, nutrient management and deficiencies, use of chemicals and growth regulators, harvesting; yield and seed production, important insect pests and diseases and their control measures, post-harvest technology. harvesting stages, harvesting methods, grading, packaging, storage and marketing of flowering plants like rose, marigold, chrysanthemum, orchid, carnation, gladiolus, Jasmine, dahlia, tuberose, bird of paradise, china aster and gerbera (under open and protected conditions), dehydration technique for drying of flowers, production techniques for bulbous. Ornamental Gardening & Landscaping: History, types and styles of gardens and gardens in India. landscaping, basic principles, garden components and adornments; identification and use of landscape drafting equipments; layout of different types of gardens, designing of water garden, terrace garden, roof garden, rock garden, bog garden, sunken garden, terrariums; bioaesthetic planning, town and country planning, urban planning: landscaping of parks and public areas, educational institutions, Industrial areas, railway stations, dam sites, hydroelectric stations, river banks; Use of ornamental trees, shrubs, climbers and creepers, indoor plants, herbaceous perennials, palms, ferns, grasses, cacti and succulents in landscaping: lawn making: Flower arrangement; Types and art of making bonsai. Current general Knowledge and Current Scientific Advancement with these topics. UNIT-V Propagation, Nursery Management, Protected Cultivation: Methods of propagation: advantages and disadvantages; Seed dormancy: scarification & stratification, internal and external factors; Nursery techniques, apomixes-mono- embrony, polyembrony, chimera & bud sport; Methods and techniques of cutting, layering, grafting and budding. Physiological and bio-chemical basis of rooting factors influencing rooting in cuttings and layering: Graft incompatibility, Anatomical studies of bud union, selection and maintenance of mother trees, collection of scion wood stick, scion-stock relationship and their influences; Bud wood certification; Techniques of propagation through specialized organs, corm, runners, suckers, rhizomes; Micrografting, hardening of plants in nurseries; Insect- pest and disease control in nursery, Nursery registration, methodology and certification; Designs of mist chamber, humidifiers, greenhouses, glasshouses,
- 5. 44 cold frames, hot beds, shade nets, poly-houses, lath house, conservatories; Land preparation and soil treatment, fertigation and irrigation management and cost of production. Current general Knowledge and Current Scientific Advancement with these topics. UNIT-VI Post Harvest Management: Principles and methods of post harvest management, pre-harvest factors, affecting quality, factors responsible for deterioration of horticultural produce, physiological and bio- chemical changes, different systems of storage, packaging methods and types of packages, classification of preservatives, food colours. Methods of preparation of juices, squashes, syrups, cordials and fermented beverages, jam, jelly, marmalade, pickles, chutneys and sauces, quality control of processed products, Govt policy on import and export of processed fruits, food laws; modes of transport; Food and its function, Balanced diet: RDA for various age groups: Materials, tools and implements used in horticulture. Current general Knowledge and Current Scientific Advancement wit