Rosa Parks was arrested on December 1, 1955 for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger on a segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama. She was the secretary for the local NAACP chapter and had undergone civil rights training. E.D. Nixon, president of the NAACP, called lawyer Fred Gray to represent Parks and Gray contacted Jo Ann Robinson to plan a one-day boycott of the buses. Nixon also persuaded a young minister, Martin Luther King Jr., to support the boycott, and King was elected president of the new Montgomery Improvement Association to organize the boycott.
8. Mrs. Parks called her
mother from jail, and
told her to call E. D.
Nixon
Dec. 1, 1955
Rosa Parks,
Executive Secretary, NAACP
9. Mrs. Parks called her
mother from jail, and
told her to call E. D.
Nixon
Dec. 1, 1955
Rosa Parks,
Executive Secretary, NAACP
E.D.
Nixon, President, NAACP,
10. Mrs. Parks called her
mother from jail, and
told her to call E. D.
Nixon
Dec. 1, 1955
Rosa Parks,
Executive Secretary, NAACP
Clifford & Virginia
Durr, Montgomery Civil
E.D. Nixon, President, Rights Activists
NAACP, Montgomery, AL
11. Mrs. Parks called her
mother from jail, and
told her to call E. D.
Nixon
Dec. 1, 1955
Rosa Parks,
Executive Secretary, NAACP
Was this the test case
theyve been waiting for?
Clifford & Virginia Durr,
Montgomery Civil
E.D. Rights Activists
Nixon, President, NAACP,
12. Mrs. Parks called her
mother from jail, and
told her to call E. D.
Nixon
Dec. 1, 1955
Rosa Parks,
Executive Secretary, NAACP
Was this the test case
theyve been waiting for?
Clifford & Virginia Durr,
Montgomery Civil
E.D. Nixon, President, Rights Activists
NAACP, Montgomery, AL
13. Rosa Parks, right person for the test case:
NAACP Executive Secretary to E.D. Nixon
Signed Martin Luther Kings appointment letter to the Executive
Council of the Montgomery, AL. NAACP
Well-known, married, active in her church
Daughter of sharecroppers, slept next to granddads rocking chair
while he protected her the home with a shotgun during KKK night
raids
She and husband, Raymond, were active in the campaign to free
the Scottsboro Boys, 1931
14. Rosa Parks, right person for the test case:
Defended young black men accused of rape, advised the NAACP
Youth Council, and attended leadership training conferences
1954 met with Montgomery city officials to notify them that the
segregated buses were the biggest concern of the local NAACP
Summer 1955 attended Highlander Folk School in
Tennessee, learning strategies and tactics, and theories of social
reform and civil rights.
16. Called Thurgood
Marshall, Chief Legal
Counsel for NAACP
E.D. Nixon called Fred
Gray to represent Rosa
Parks
17. Called Thurgood
Marshall, Chief Legal
Counsel for NAACP
E.D. Nixon called Fred
Gray to represent Rosa
Parks
Fred Gray called Professor
Jo Ann Robinson at Planned 1-day boycott
Alabama State College and of the buses
leader of the Womens
Political Council.
18. Called Thurgood
Marshall, Chief Legal
Counsel for NAACP
E.D. Nixon called Fred
Gray to represent Rosa
Parks
Fred Gray called Professor
Jo Ann Robinson at Planned 1-day boycott
Alabama State College and of the buses
President of the Womens
Political Council.
19. E. D. Nixon persuaded a
young, reluctant 26-
year-old minister to
support the boycott
20. E. D. Nixon persuaded a
young, reluctant 26-
year-old minister to
support the boycott
He was quickly elected President on December 5, 1955 of the
newly formed Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) that
would organize the 55-week boycott.
What would he say that evening?