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CB_X_Eng_Reported Speech.pptx

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This document provides information about direct and indirect (reported) speech. It discusses the rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech, such as changing verb tenses and pronouns. Examples are provided to illustrate these rules for statements, questions, exclamations, and changes in time, pronouns and mood. The key aspects covered are the differences between direct and indirect speech, and the transformations required to change from direct to indirect speech based on set rules.

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Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Subject: English Grade: IX Topic: Reported Speech 1
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 2 Say it in your own words: 1. What did the monkey ask the lion? 2. What did the lion tell the monkey? 3. What did the mouse request the lion?
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 3
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 4 Direct Speech When we use direct speech in our writing: The exact words spoken must be put inside speech marks. . The first spoken word must begin with a capital letter. When a new speaker begins, we must start a new line.
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Here are some examples of direct speech. Ive hurt my leg! Ive hurt my leg! moaned the boy. 5
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Can you take a deep breath? Can you take a deep breath? asked the doctor. 6
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 I like this dress. The woman said, I like this dress. 7
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Indirect Speech This is sometimes called reported speech. When we use indirect speech in our writing: We dont use speech marks. We usually have to change pronouns and verb tenses. 8
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Here are some examples of indirect speech. Ive hurt my leg!9 The boy moaned that he had hurt his leg. 9
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 The doctor asked the boy if he could take a deep breath. Can you take a deep breath? 10
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 The woman said that she liked that dress. I like this dress. 11
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Transformation Types of changes: Verb Tenses Time and place Logical change of pronouns Types of sentences EXAMPLE DIRECT: Mary said, They are meeting me tomorrow. REPORTED: Mary said that they were meeting her the following day. 12
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Verb Changes TENSE DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH PRESENT SIMPLE She said, I play tennis with my friends. She said that she played tennis with her friends. PRESENT CONTINUOUS I am playing tennis with my friends. She said that she was playing tennis with her friends. PRESENT PERFECT I have played tennis with my friends. She said that she had played tennis with her friends. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS I have been playing tennis with my friends. She said that she had been playing tennis with her friends. PAST SIMPLE I played tennis with my friends. She said that she had played tennis with her friends. PAST CONTINUOUS I was playing tennis with my friends. She said that she had been playing tennis with her friends. PAST PERFECT I had played tennis with my friends. She said that she had played tennis with her friends. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS I had been playing tennis with my friends. She said that she had been playing tennis with her friends. FUTURE SIMPLE I will play tennis with my friends She said that she would play tennis with her friends. 13
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 The change of time expression The time expression in direct speech should be changed in indirect speech. Direct Speech Indirect Speech now then today that day this morning that morning yesterday the day before / the previous day yesterday morning the morning before / the previous morning last night the night before / the previous night last Monday the Monday before / the previous Monday ago before 14
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Personal Pronouns change according to: SON formula If subject of the quoted words is in 1st person then it will change according to the subject of the reported verb e.g. - He said to me, I like coffee. He told me that he liked coffee. If subject of the quoted words is in 2nd person then it will change according to the object of reporting verb e.g. - He said to me, You look happy. He told me that I looked happy. If the subject of the quoted words is in 3rd person then there will be no change. e.g. - He said to me, She has already left. He told me that she had already left. 1st person = Subject 2nd person= Object 3rd person= No change 15
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Subject= 1st Person I said, I want to consult my parents. I said that I wanted to consult my parents. You said, I want to consult my parents. You said that you wanted to consult your parents. She said, I want to consult my parents. She said that she wanted to consult her parents. 16
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Anil said to me, Your parents are waiting for you. Anil told me that my parents were waiting for me. Anil said , Your parents are waiting for you. Anil told you that your parents were waiting for you. Anil said to him, Your parents are waiting for you. Anil told him that his parents were waiting for him. Object = 2nd Person 3rd person= No Change 17
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Interrogative sentences are of two types: Interrogative with auxiliaries at the beginning Interrogatives with wh questions ( who, where, what, when, how) Changes in Interrogative Sentences 18
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 19 Changes Direct Speech Condition Indirect Speech Condition Reporting Verb said/ said to Asked, enquired or demanded. Joining Clause If sentence begins with auxiliary verb joining clause should be if or whether. If sentence begins with "wh" questions then no conjunction is used as question-word itself act as joining clause. Punctuation Question Mark Full Stop Helping Verbs sentences expresses positive feeling do/does is removed from sentence. if 'No' is used in interrogative sentences do/does is changed into did. Did or has/have Had 19
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 20 Mood of Sentence in Direct Speech Reporting verb in indirect speech order ordered request requested / entreated advice advised / urged direction directed suggestion suggested to warning warn (if a person is addressed directly) called
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Changes for Exclamatory Sentence Exclamatory sentences express emotions. Interjections such as Hurrah, wow, alas, oh, ah are used to express emotions. Rules for conversion of Exclamatory Direct Speech Sentences into Indirect Speech Sentences. Exclamatory sentence changes into assertive sentence. Interjections are removed. Exclamation mark changes into full stop. WH words like , what and how are removed and before the adjective in the reported speech the word very is used. Changes of tenses , pronouns and adjectives according to the previous rules. 21
Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 22 Mood of Sentence in Direct Speech Reporting verb in indirect speech sorrow in reported speech Exclaimed with sorrow/ grief/ exclaimed sorrowfully or cried out happiness in reported speech exclaimed with joy/ delight/ exclaimed joyfully surprise in reported speech exclaimed with surprise/ wonder/ astonishment appreciation and it is being expressed strongly applauded

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CB_X_Eng_Reported Speech.pptx

  • 1. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Subject: English Grade: IX Topic: Reported Speech 1
  • 2. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 2 Say it in your own words: 1. What did the monkey ask the lion? 2. What did the lion tell the monkey? 3. What did the mouse request the lion?
  • 4. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 4 Direct Speech When we use direct speech in our writing: The exact words spoken must be put inside speech marks. . The first spoken word must begin with a capital letter. When a new speaker begins, we must start a new line.
  • 5. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Here are some examples of direct speech. Ive hurt my leg! Ive hurt my leg! moaned the boy. 5
  • 6. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Can you take a deep breath? Can you take a deep breath? asked the doctor. 6
  • 7. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 I like this dress. The woman said, I like this dress. 7
  • 8. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Indirect Speech This is sometimes called reported speech. When we use indirect speech in our writing: We dont use speech marks. We usually have to change pronouns and verb tenses. 8
  • 9. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Here are some examples of indirect speech. Ive hurt my leg!9 The boy moaned that he had hurt his leg. 9
  • 10. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 The doctor asked the boy if he could take a deep breath. Can you take a deep breath? 10
  • 11. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 The woman said that she liked that dress. I like this dress. 11
  • 12. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Transformation Types of changes: Verb Tenses Time and place Logical change of pronouns Types of sentences EXAMPLE DIRECT: Mary said, They are meeting me tomorrow. REPORTED: Mary said that they were meeting her the following day. 12
  • 13. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Verb Changes TENSE DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH PRESENT SIMPLE She said, I play tennis with my friends. She said that she played tennis with her friends. PRESENT CONTINUOUS I am playing tennis with my friends. She said that she was playing tennis with her friends. PRESENT PERFECT I have played tennis with my friends. She said that she had played tennis with her friends. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS I have been playing tennis with my friends. She said that she had been playing tennis with her friends. PAST SIMPLE I played tennis with my friends. She said that she had played tennis with her friends. PAST CONTINUOUS I was playing tennis with my friends. She said that she had been playing tennis with her friends. PAST PERFECT I had played tennis with my friends. She said that she had played tennis with her friends. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS I had been playing tennis with my friends. She said that she had been playing tennis with her friends. FUTURE SIMPLE I will play tennis with my friends She said that she would play tennis with her friends. 13
  • 14. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 The change of time expression The time expression in direct speech should be changed in indirect speech. Direct Speech Indirect Speech now then today that day this morning that morning yesterday the day before / the previous day yesterday morning the morning before / the previous morning last night the night before / the previous night last Monday the Monday before / the previous Monday ago before 14
  • 15. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Personal Pronouns change according to: SON formula If subject of the quoted words is in 1st person then it will change according to the subject of the reported verb e.g. - He said to me, I like coffee. He told me that he liked coffee. If subject of the quoted words is in 2nd person then it will change according to the object of reporting verb e.g. - He said to me, You look happy. He told me that I looked happy. If the subject of the quoted words is in 3rd person then there will be no change. e.g. - He said to me, She has already left. He told me that she had already left. 1st person = Subject 2nd person= Object 3rd person= No change 15
  • 16. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Subject= 1st Person I said, I want to consult my parents. I said that I wanted to consult my parents. You said, I want to consult my parents. You said that you wanted to consult your parents. She said, I want to consult my parents. She said that she wanted to consult her parents. 16
  • 17. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Anil said to me, Your parents are waiting for you. Anil told me that my parents were waiting for me. Anil said , Your parents are waiting for you. Anil told you that your parents were waiting for you. Anil said to him, Your parents are waiting for you. Anil told him that his parents were waiting for him. Object = 2nd Person 3rd person= No Change 17
  • 18. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Interrogative sentences are of two types: Interrogative with auxiliaries at the beginning Interrogatives with wh questions ( who, where, what, when, how) Changes in Interrogative Sentences 18
  • 19. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 19 Changes Direct Speech Condition Indirect Speech Condition Reporting Verb said/ said to Asked, enquired or demanded. Joining Clause If sentence begins with auxiliary verb joining clause should be if or whether. If sentence begins with "wh" questions then no conjunction is used as question-word itself act as joining clause. Punctuation Question Mark Full Stop Helping Verbs sentences expresses positive feeling do/does is removed from sentence. if 'No' is used in interrogative sentences do/does is changed into did. Did or has/have Had 19
  • 20. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 20 Mood of Sentence in Direct Speech Reporting verb in indirect speech order ordered request requested / entreated advice advised / urged direction directed suggestion suggested to warning warn (if a person is addressed directly) called
  • 21. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 Changes for Exclamatory Sentence Exclamatory sentences express emotions. Interjections such as Hurrah, wow, alas, oh, ah are used to express emotions. Rules for conversion of Exclamatory Direct Speech Sentences into Indirect Speech Sentences. Exclamatory sentence changes into assertive sentence. Interjections are removed. Exclamation mark changes into full stop. WH words like , what and how are removed and before the adjective in the reported speech the word very is used. Changes of tenses , pronouns and adjectives according to the previous rules. 21
  • 22. Reported Speech CB/IX/1819 of 22 22 Mood of Sentence in Direct Speech Reporting verb in indirect speech sorrow in reported speech Exclaimed with sorrow/ grief/ exclaimed sorrowfully or cried out happiness in reported speech exclaimed with joy/ delight/ exclaimed joyfully surprise in reported speech exclaimed with surprise/ wonder/ astonishment appreciation and it is being expressed strongly applauded