Anatomy of the mid brain
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The document discusses the anatomy of the mid-brain at the superior colliculus level, highlighting the role of the rostral midbrain in vision and consciousness. It notes that impairment to the reticular activating system (RAS) can result in coma and that the oculomotor nerve controls most eye muscles. Additionally, a lesion in the substantia nigra can lead to Parkinson's disease.
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The pons is located in the brainstem, between the midbrain and medulla oblongata. It contains fibers that connect the cerebellum and cerebrum, and nuclei for several cranial nerves including the trigeminal, facial, and abducent nerves. The pons receives its blood supply primarily from the basilar artery and its branches, as well as the anterior inferior cerebellar and superior cerebellar arteries. It plays an important role in motor functions and sensory processes.Anatomy of ascending and descending tracts
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The document summarizes the ascending tracts in the spinal cord that convey sensory information from the peripheral nervous system to the brain. It describes the three neuron chain involved in sensory pathways and outlines the major ascending tracts, including the lateral spinothalamic tract for pain and temperature, anterior spinothalamic tract for touch and pressure, and fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus for proprioception, vibration, and discriminative touch. It provides examples of clinical presentations that would result from lesions to different ascending tracts.Anatomy of brainstem
Anatomy of brainstemMBBS IMS MSU
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The brainstem is located between the cerebrum and spinal cord. It consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. The midbrain connects the pons and cerebrum and contains the superior and inferior colliculi. The pons connects to the cerebellum via peduncles and contains pontine nuclei and cranial nerve nuclei. The medulla oblongata connects to the spinal cord and contains cranial nerve nuclei, the inferior olives, and tracts such as the gracile and cuneate fasciculi.Brain avm
Brain avmAvinash Km
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Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal clusters of blood vessels in the brain. They can cause bleeding in the brain or seizures. AVMs are typically treated through surgery to remove the abnormal vessels, procedures to block the blood vessels using embolization, or radiation therapy to damage the vessels. Each treatment has risks of complications like bleeding in the brain, infections, or neurological deficits. The best treatment depends on the size and location of the AVM. Conservative management without intervention may be appropriate for some patients as well.Anatomy & blood supply of Brain
Anatomy & blood supply of BrainAvinash Km
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The document outlines the anatomy and blood supply of the brain, noting that the adult brain weighs 1300 to 1400 grams and requires significant blood flow, oxygen, and glucose for function. It details the blood supply mechanisms, primarily through the internal carotid and vertebral arteries, and discusses the developmental changes in blood flow and metabolic requirements from infancy to adolescence. Additionally, it addresses the critical thresholds for neuronal function and survival when blood flow is compromised.Tracts (ascending and descending)
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The document discusses ascending and descending tracts in the spinal cord. It describes the three neuron chain that makes up the ascending sensory pathway, carrying sensory information from the periphery to the brain. The main ascending tracts discussed are the lateral and anterior spinothalamic tracts for pain/temperature and touch/pressure respectively. Descending tracts originate from supraspinal centers and regulate the activity of lower motor neurons. The major descending tracts described are the corticospinal, rubrospinal, tectospinal, vestibulospinal, and reticulospinal tracts.Blood supply of the brain
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The document discusses the blood supply of the brain. It begins by describing the two pairs of arteries that supply the brain - the vertebral and internal carotid arteries. These arteries are interconnected to form the circle of Willis at the base of the brain. The vertebrobasilar system arises from the vertebral arteries and forms the basilar artery, which divides into the posterior cerebral arteries. The internal carotid system gives rise to the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. These arteries and their branches supply different regions of the brain. The circle of Willis provides an important anastomosis between the two systems to ensure adequate blood flow to the brain.localization of stroke, CVS, stroke, for post graduates
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Anatomy of the mid brain
- 1. THE MID-BRAIN AT THE LEVEL OF THE SUPERIOR COLLICULUS BY: BALOGUN WASIU GBOLAHAN B.Sc., M.Sc. Anatomy (Ilorin)
- 2. T.S. of rostral midbrain at level of superior colliculus.
- 4. Applied Anatomy Impaired vision Damage to RAS can produce coma. The oculomotor nerve supply the extraocular muscles of eye (except S.O + L.R.). lesion of pars compacta of the substantia nigra leads to parkinsons disease