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referential integrity primary key foreign key one-to-many entity relationship diagram crows feet attributes one-to-one many-to-one erdiagram data independence multiplicity types of schema transitive dependency first normal form normalization partial dependency delete anomalies update anomalies candidate key composite key properties of a relation functional dependency relational keys data dictionary interface dbms architecture file processing system structure of a database metadata kernel toolkit sql what is a database structured query language types of data record keeping systems database functions entity type physical data independence logical data independence uml types of attributes types of relationship entity unified modeling language chen database schema systems analysis & development prototypes and prototyping waterfall approach physical design problems with waterfall approach conceptual design logical design phases of database design case tools iteration grant view in database transactions roles in a system indexes crud matrix de-normalisation crud revoke propagation constraints oracle architecture domain constraints table constraints anomalies super key alternate key insert anomalies check constraint second normal form data definition language tcl char or varchar advantages of sql ddl disadvantages of sql dml dcl commit rollback query optimisation aggregate functions having clause sql query group by sub-queries joins