際際滷

際際滷Share a Scribd company logo

Chapter 1 General Anatomy

C
codelifemd

The document provides an introduction to human anatomy, including anatomical position, body planes, regions and cavities, directional terms, and movements. It defines anatomy as the study of body structure and relationships. Gross anatomy examines large structures visible to the naked eye, while microscopic anatomy examines minute structures only visible microscopically. The anatomical position is standing erect with palms and feet facing forward. Planes, regions, and cavities divide the body into sections for study. Directional terms describe positions of structures in relation to one another and major planes. Common movements like flexion, extension, and rotation are also defined.

1 of 28
General Anatomy
INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY: ANATOMICAL POSITION, BODY PLANES/REGIONS/CAVITIES, DIRECTIONAL TERMS AND MOVEMENTS, BODY SYSTEMS
What is Anatomy? Anatomy is the study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationships to one another. a. Gross Anatomy b. Microscopic Anatomy
Anatomical Position Standing erect, with palms and feet facing forward Is the standard reference point in which all positions, movements, and planes are described
Positions and Directions Terms of position and direction describe the position of one body part relative to another, usually along one of the three major body planes
Positions and Directions
Positions and Directions
Positions and Directions
Positions and Directions
Positions and Directions Prone Lying face down Like a Pro Baseball player sliding into Home. Supine Lying face up Lying on your spine and you can have soup poured into your mouth.
Anatomical Planes Fixed lines of reference along which the body is often divided or sectioned to facilitate viewing of its structures Allow one to obtain a three-dimensional perspective by studying the body from different views
Anatomical Planes Sagittal plane The plane dividing the body into right and left portions Midsagittal or median are names for the plane dividing the body into equal right and left halves
Anatomical Planes Frontal plane The plane dividing the body into front and back portions Also called the Coronal plane
Anatomical Planes Transverse plane The horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions Also called the Horizontal plane
Body Regions
Body Regions
Body Regions
Body Cavities
Movements Flexion Extension Hyperextension Adduction Abduction Pronation Supination Retraction Protraction Elevation Depression Rotation Circumduction External Rotation Internal Rotation Inversion Eversion Dorsiflexion Plantarflexion Radial Deviation Ulnar Deviation Opposition
Movements Flexion Bending a joint or decreasing the angle between two bones In the Fetal Position we are flexing our joints Extension Straightening a joint or increasing the angle between two bones In the Anatomical Position we are extending our joints Hyperextension Excessive extension of the parts at a joint beyond anatomical position.
Movements Adduction Moving a body part towards the midline of the body Abduction Moving a body part away from the midline of the body
Movements Pronation Turning the arm or foot downward (palm or sole of the foot - down) Prone Supination Turning the arm or foot upward (palm or sole of the foot - up) Supine
MovementsRetraction Moving a part backward Protraction Moving a part forward Elevation Raising a part Depression Lowering a part
Movements Rotation Turning on a single axis Circumduction Tri-planar, circular motion at the hip or shoulder Internal rotation Rotation of the hip or shoulder toward the midline External rotation Rotation of the hip or shoulder away from the midline
Movements Lateral Flexion Side-bending left or right
Movements of the Foot Inversion Turning the sole of the foot inward Eversion Turning the sole of the foot outward Dorsiflexion Ankle movement bringing the foot towards the shin Plantarflexion Ankle movement pointing the foot downward
Movements of the Wrist & Thumb Radial Deviation Movement of the wrist towards the radius or lateral side. Ulnar Deviation Movement of the wrist towards the ulna or medial side. Opposition Movement of the thumb across the palm of the hand.
Body Systems

More Related Content

Chapter 1 General Anatomy

  • 2. INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY: ANATOMICAL POSITION, BODY PLANES/REGIONS/CAVITIES, DIRECTIONAL TERMS AND MOVEMENTS, BODY SYSTEMS
  • 3. What is Anatomy? Anatomy is the study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationships to one another. a. Gross Anatomy b. Microscopic Anatomy
  • 4. Anatomical Position Standing erect, with palms and feet facing forward Is the standard reference point in which all positions, movements, and planes are described
  • 5. Positions and Directions Terms of position and direction describe the position of one body part relative to another, usually along one of the three major body planes
  • 10. Positions and Directions Prone Lying face down Like a Pro Baseball player sliding into Home. Supine Lying face up Lying on your spine and you can have soup poured into your mouth.
  • 11. Anatomical Planes Fixed lines of reference along which the body is often divided or sectioned to facilitate viewing of its structures Allow one to obtain a three-dimensional perspective by studying the body from different views
  • 12. Anatomical Planes Sagittal plane The plane dividing the body into right and left portions Midsagittal or median are names for the plane dividing the body into equal right and left halves
  • 13. Anatomical Planes Frontal plane The plane dividing the body into front and back portions Also called the Coronal plane
  • 14. Anatomical Planes Transverse plane The horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions Also called the Horizontal plane
  • 19. Movements Flexion Extension Hyperextension Adduction Abduction Pronation Supination Retraction Protraction Elevation Depression Rotation Circumduction External Rotation Internal Rotation Inversion Eversion Dorsiflexion Plantarflexion Radial Deviation Ulnar Deviation Opposition
  • 20. Movements Flexion Bending a joint or decreasing the angle between two bones In the Fetal Position we are flexing our joints Extension Straightening a joint or increasing the angle between two bones In the Anatomical Position we are extending our joints Hyperextension Excessive extension of the parts at a joint beyond anatomical position.
  • 21. Movements Adduction Moving a body part towards the midline of the body Abduction Moving a body part away from the midline of the body
  • 22. Movements Pronation Turning the arm or foot downward (palm or sole of the foot - down) Prone Supination Turning the arm or foot upward (palm or sole of the foot - up) Supine
  • 23. MovementsRetraction Moving a part backward Protraction Moving a part forward Elevation Raising a part Depression Lowering a part
  • 24. Movements Rotation Turning on a single axis Circumduction Tri-planar, circular motion at the hip or shoulder Internal rotation Rotation of the hip or shoulder toward the midline External rotation Rotation of the hip or shoulder away from the midline
  • 26. Movements of the Foot Inversion Turning the sole of the foot inward Eversion Turning the sole of the foot outward Dorsiflexion Ankle movement bringing the foot towards the shin Plantarflexion Ankle movement pointing the foot downward
  • 27. Movements of the Wrist & Thumb Radial Deviation Movement of the wrist towards the radius or lateral side. Ulnar Deviation Movement of the wrist towards the ulna or medial side. Opposition Movement of the thumb across the palm of the hand.