Regulation (BBFC)
Download as pptx, pdf1 like1,082 views
The BBFC was formed in 1912 as the British board of film censors to uniformly classify films in the UK rather than having government censorship. They regulate films, DVDs, and video games. The BBFC is independently funded through classification fees. Major legislation they operate under includes the Video Recordings Acts of 1984 and 2010. Films are classified based on content and consumer advice is provided. Over time the BBFC has updated its rating system to include categories like PG, 15, 18, and R18. Both A Clockwork Orange and Fight Club use violence as a theme to explore concepts of freedom from societal control and addiction.
1 of 12
Download to read offline
Ad
Recommended
BBFC powerpoint
BBFC powerpointTobiKareemASMedia
油
The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) is an independent body established in 1912 to classify films, videos, DVDs and some video games shown in the UK. Local authorities are legally responsible for cinema classifications but generally accept BBFC ratings, though some have overridden ratings for specific films. Films are normally rated by two examiners using published guidelines, but for difficult cases the director and board may provide additional review and specialist advice may be sought. The BBFC issues age ratings for films and other media.Bbfc
BbfcVictoria_Johnson
油
The British Board of Classification (BBFC) was established in 1912 by the film industry to enforce order to film classification. This was in response to the 1909 Cinematograph Act, which gave authorities power to enforce cinema licensing laws. The BBFC regulates films, videos, DVDs, video games and advertisements. It is funded through fees charged to submit works for classification. It must abide by legislation including the Video Recordings Act, Human Rights Act, and various Obscene Publications and Criminal Justice Acts. The classification process involves departments that research, view, and classify submitted works. Consumer advice provides descriptions of content to inform classification decisions. Over time, legislation has aimed to regulate what audiences can view as social acceptability has changed betweenCMR L3 - video nasties, the vpa and opa
CMR L3 - video nasties, the vpa and opaMossbourneMediaCentre
油
The BBFC was founded in 1912 by film distributors to provide standardized film classification across the UK. It is an independent body that classifies films, DVDs, and video games based on their published Guidelines and assigns ratings of U, PG, 12A, 15, 18 or 18R. Compliance Officers consider issues like discrimination, drugs, horror, language, imitable behaviour, nudity, sex, sexual violence and violence when making classification decisions. In the 1970s, as video recorders became publicly available, some films released without cuts on video that had been cut for cinema caused concern, leading to the extension of the OPA in 1977 and eventual establishment of the VRA in 1984 to regulate video content.AS Media Section B Exam Intro
AS Media Section B Exam Introtessiemedia
油
The document discusses defining what constitutes a "British film" and outlines several perspectives on this. It notes that defining Britishness is complicated by the influx of other cultures. It also explains the UK Film Council and Department of Media, Culture and Sport's definition, which focuses on funding sources and number of British personnel. The British Film Institute further categorizes films based on factors like funding sources and production location/resources. Students will need to analyze a contemporary UK production or distribution company for a case study considering its production, distribution, and consumption aspects.What makes a film british
What makes a film britishmopish
油
To be considered a British film, a film must pass a cultural test administered by the UK film council. The test contains 31 points across 4 sections - cultural content, cultural contribution, cultural hubs, and cultural practitioners. A film needs at least 16 points to pass the test. Being designated a British film provides tax relief for film production companies of up to 25% for films spending less than 贈20 million or 20% for films spending more. In addition to passing the cultural test, British films must be intended for theatrical release and have minimum UK production spending of 25%.British film ppt
British film pptMr Smith
油
The document discusses key aspects of the British film industry, including its structure, institutions, and the criteria for classifying films as British. It evaluates audience engagement through different typologies and highlights the importance of tax relief and cultural representation. Ultimately, it questions the reasons for maintaining a British film industry, emphasizing cultural promotion, job creation, and economic factors.Warp films
Warp filmscharlottemarch
油
Warp Films is an independent UK film production company based in Sheffield and London with an office in Melbourne. Submarine is written by Joe Dunthorne and directed by Richard Ayoade in his debut film. It premiered at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival. The film depicts the story of 15 year old Oliver Tate and his objectives to lose his virginity and disrupt his mother's relationship with an ex-lover. It was filmed in locations in Wales and had a limited release in the US in 2011.Media organisations and regulations
Media organisations and regulationsKushalShingadia
油
The document provides information about several rating and regulatory organizations in the UK:
- The BBFC (British Board of Film Classification) rates films based on their content such as violence, language, and sex. It was founded in 1912 to bring uniformity to different local censorship standards.
- The ASA (Advertising Standards Authority) is a self-regulatory body for the UK advertising industry, established in 1962 to oversee a new advertising code in print media.
- PEGI (Pan European Game Information) provides video game content ratings and became the sole ratings system for UK games in 2012, replacing separate BBFC ratings.
- The PCC (Press Complaints Commission) was a voluntary bodyFilm classification
Film classificationJoe Hayes
油
The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) is a non-governmental organization that classifies films, videos, and video games in the UK according to their age suitability. The BBFC considers factors like violence, language, sex, and discrimination to determine if a work requires cuts or should be banned. In the 1980s, many "video nasties" were prosecuted for being too violent or depraved, leading to the Video Recordings Act of 1984. While classifications aim to protect children, it is now easy for them to access any content online regardless of age rating.Distribution technology
Distribution technologysbiscoe21
油
The document discusses the history and evolution of film distribution technology from the first cinemas in the late 19th century to modern digital distribution methods. Key developments discussed include the invention of the motion picture projector, video tape recorders which allowed prerecorded television broadcasts, the VHS format which became the dominant home video standard, DVDs which provided higher quality video and sound, and streaming services like Netflix and LoveFilm which allow subscribers to watch movies online. The document traces how distribution technology progressed from public showings to home video formats to internet streaming and digital delivery.Brit Cinema Lesson 1
Brit Cinema Lesson 1kingedmedia
油
This document provides information and guidance for developing a case study on a British film studio or production company. It discusses the key aspects of film production, distribution, and consumption that should be covered. It also prompts the reader to consider what defines British cinema and films. Examples are given of different decades of British cinema, including major films from each era, to help understand the ups and downs of the British film industry over time. Readers are assigned a decade to research and develop a short presentation about British cinema in that time period.An introduction to British Cinema
An introduction to British Cinema Naamah Hill
油
Defining a 'British' film is complex due to diverse characteristics and criteria established by the UK Film Council, such as filming location, cast and crew nationality, and thematic relevance to British culture. The document discusses various films like 'The Bourne Ultimatum' and 'Harry Potter,' assessing their eligibility as British films based on industry definitions and financial backing. It also addresses the challenges of producing British films, the need for government support, and the importance of distributing companies in promoting British cinema.Fish tank case study
Fish tank case study ameliabarrett16
油
This document provides general information about the 2009 drama film "Fish Tank" directed by Andrea Arnold. It summarizes the director, writer, producers, genre, release date, budget and box office numbers. It also lists the production and distribution companies involved. Marketing efforts included posters, trailers on YouTube and interviews. The intended target audience was primarily in the UK as the film depicts negative aspects of British culture that may not be as recognizable to international audiences. The film received critical acclaim and awards, including a BAFTA award for Best British Film.Case study fish tank
Case study fish tanksophbennett1234
油
FishTank is a 2009 British drama film directed by Andrea Arnold. It follows 15-year-old Mia, who lives in an Essex housing estate with her mother and younger sister. The film explores themes of dysfunctional families and alcoholism through a social realist lens. While FishTank received critical acclaim and over 20 awards, it struggled to find a wide audience domestically or internationally due to its small budget, unknown cast, and focus on a gritty portrayal of life in East London housing estates, which limited its relatability.Fish tank (2009) Case Study
Fish tank (2009) Case Studystarsmileygirl34
油
The film Fish Tank had a budget of 贈2 million pounds and was shot in 30 days, with partial funding of 贈70,000 from the UK Film Council. It was directed by Andrea Arnold and starred Katie Jarvis, who won a BAFTA Award for her breakthrough role. The film received critical acclaim and awards after being screened at numerous film festivals internationally. It had a limited arthouse release in UK theaters, grossing over 贈400,000 in its first few weeks.Legislation powerpoint
Legislation powerpointKiera Brown
油
This document provides a timeline and overview of key legislation related to film classification in the UK:
- The Cinematograph Act of 1909 introduced cinema licensing by local authorities for safety reasons and led to the BBFC being established in 1912 to standardize classification decisions.
- Subsequent acts in the 1930s-1950s addressed issues like animal cruelty in films and prohibiting children from viewing "unsuitable" films.
- The 1960s saw acts passed around obscenity and protecting children. The 1978 Protection of Children Act prohibited indecent images of those under 16.
- The 2003 Licensing Act formally recognized the BBFC role in cinema classification for the first time. Throughout, local authorities maintained final say over film licensesRevision uk film and the hollywood context
Revision uk film and the hollywood contextlatymermedia
油
The document discusses several aspects of the British film industry and its relationship with Hollywood. It asks whether a British film needs only a UK setting, cast, or storyline to be considered British. It also examines the importance of a national film industry for the economy and culture. British films often involve co-productions and distribution through Hollywood studios, so marketing decisions consider both UK and US audiences. Hollywood has been more successful due to continually reinventing itself and taking advantage of new technologies to expand globally. Recent British films have promoted more diversity and representation in national identity.The British Film Industry
The British Film IndustryNeill Ford
油
The document discusses the British film industry, including its objectives to identify key issues and evaluate popularity with audiences. It then provides information on organizations within the British film industry and their roles. These include the BFI which supports and promotes film, the BBFC which classifies and censors films, the British Council which promotes British films internationally, and the UK Film Council which previously promoted the economic, cultural and educational aspects of film. It also lists some major British production companies and their recent films. Finally, it discusses reasons for having a British film industry, how British films attract audiences, and compares British films to Hollywood blockbusters.Hollywood vs
Hollywood vsMsJMcLeod
油
The British film industry faces significant challenges competing with Hollywood for distribution and audiences. Hollywood distributes over 80% of films shown in UK theaters and its stars are more recognizable to British audiences. In contrast, the British film industry is much smaller and operates more as a "cottage industry" with 95% of production companies employing fewer than 10 people. While Britain has impressive filmmaking infrastructure and facilities, Hollywood has been more successful at continually reinventing itself, investing in new technologies, and retaining international distribution rights to profits from its films for many years. As a result, audiences in the UK predominantly choose to see Hollywood productions.Film classification introduction
Film classification introduction latymermedia
油
The BBFC is an independent, non-governmental organization that classifies films, videos, DVDs, video games, and advertisements on behalf of local authorities in the UK. It was established in 1912 and is funded through fees charged to examiners. The BBFC examines works for content related to issues like violence, language, sex, drugs and criminality based on UK legislation and their own classification guidelines. Works are assigned age ratings and sometimes require cuts or can be rejected. In 2009, the BBFC classified over 10,000 videos and DVDs, 181 digital games, and 2,138 trailers and ads, rejecting just two works.Fish tank case study media
Fish tank case study media amberbush
油
This document provides production details for several films, including Fish Tank, Ill Manors, Kidulthood, and Skyfall. Fish Tank is an independent British film from 2009 that was filmed on a low budget of $3 million near London over six weeks. Ill Manors is a 2012 British crime drama filmed in Manor Park, London on a budget of 贈100,000. Kidulthood is a 2006 British film about London teenagers produced by three companies with a budget of 贈600,000.The British Film Industry, CGS
The British Film Industry, CGSfilmcgs
油
The document discusses several key aspects of the British film industry:
- It identifies the main organizations that support and promote British film, including the BFI and UK Film Council.
- It outlines the criteria for a film to be considered British, such as having a British director or being based on a British story.
- It examines box office data from a sample weekend which shows that while US films dominated the top spots, several British films also performed well, indicating the British industry can attract audiences.The british film industry 2 SECTION A
The british film industry 2 SECTION Afilmcgs
油
The document discusses the British film industry, including the organizations that oversee its production and promotion, major production companies, and how British films compete globally. It provides statistics on box office performance of various films in the UK and discusses how genres and movie stars are used to appeal to audiences and ensure box office success. It highlights the critical and commercial success of Slumdog Millionaire as an example of an internationally successful British film.The British Film Industry 2, CGS
The British Film Industry 2, CGSfilmcgs
油
The document discusses several key aspects of the British film industry:
- It identifies the main organizations that support and promote British film, including the BFI and UK Film Council.
- It notes that a film needs to meet three of six criteria to qualify as a British film, such as having a British director or production company.
- It examines box office figures from a sample weekend, finding that while some British films made the top 10, Hollywood blockbusters dominated earnings.Working title initial research
Working title initial researchyasmin_elise98
油
Working Title Films is a British film production company founded in 1983 by Tim Bevan and Sarah Radclyffe in London. Eric Fellner and Tim Bevan now co-chair the successful company, which has produced over 100 films grossing nearly $6 billion worldwide, winning numerous awards including 10 Academy Awards. Some of Working Title's most popular and successful films include Drop Dead Fred, Billy Elliott, Nanny McPhee, Paul, Les Miserables, and The Theory of Everything. The company's films generally target teenagers and young adults and include family comedies as well as romance genres.Queation 3
Queation 3thodgson1
油
DNA Films would be well suited to distribute the film because they specialize in independent British films like the one being discussed. DNA Films has experience promoting similar genre films to the one being created, such as 28 Days Later and The Last King of Scotland. Bullet Boy was also a low budget British film distributed in the UK, like the film being discussed, so its film distribution model could provide insight.Exhibition of film
Exhibition of filmkelger
油
The document discusses ways the UK Film Council aims to make non-mainstream films more accessible, including through their Digital Screen Network of 240 screens across the UK, a Prints and Advertising Fund of 贈4 million to promote films, and an informative website. Digital exhibition is important as it allows independent cinemas to screen more films at a lower cost compared to traditional distribution methods. Exhibitors face challenges like shifting market conditions, competition, efforts to gain control of the market, and investing in new technologies.The British and US Film Industry
The British and US Film IndustryNaamah Hill
油
The document discusses the history and development of the British and US film industries. It notes that the British film industry has experienced booms and recessions since the 1930s. Some of Britain's earliest successes included Alfred Hitchcock films in the 1930s. The industry then experienced a recession from the 1970s to 1990s. The 1990s saw a resurgence in successful British costume dramas and comedies such as Four Weddings and a Funeral and The Full Monty. Government support through organizations like the UK Film Council and National Lottery also contributed to the industry's renaissance. The document outlines ongoing debates around the type of films Britain should produce and discusses factors that define a "British film."BBFC
BBFCJo Lowes
油
The document discusses film classification and censorship in the UK by the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC). The BBFC aims to protect children from harmful content and empower consumers to make informed viewing decisions. It classifies films and videos released in the UK based on factors like content, themes, language and imitable behavior. Films may be passed without cuts, passed with compulsory cuts to receive a less-restrictive rating, or refused classification and effectively banned. Debate surrounds whether censorship is still needed in the digital age and if banning films paradoxically gives them more publicity.Censorship
CensorshipChloe1312
油
This document provides an overview of censorship and its history. It discusses how the New York Board of Motion Picture Censorship was formed in 1909 and began influencing film productions worldwide. Major studios agreed to submit films for approval to avoid censorship. Later, organizations like the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America and the British Board of Film Classification were formed to regulate and rate films through codes and ratings. The document also gives an example of how Howard Hughes faced censorship challenges for violating codes with his film The Outlaw.More Related Content
What's hot (20)
Film classification
Film classificationJoe Hayes
油
The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) is a non-governmental organization that classifies films, videos, and video games in the UK according to their age suitability. The BBFC considers factors like violence, language, sex, and discrimination to determine if a work requires cuts or should be banned. In the 1980s, many "video nasties" were prosecuted for being too violent or depraved, leading to the Video Recordings Act of 1984. While classifications aim to protect children, it is now easy for them to access any content online regardless of age rating.Distribution technology
Distribution technologysbiscoe21
油
The document discusses the history and evolution of film distribution technology from the first cinemas in the late 19th century to modern digital distribution methods. Key developments discussed include the invention of the motion picture projector, video tape recorders which allowed prerecorded television broadcasts, the VHS format which became the dominant home video standard, DVDs which provided higher quality video and sound, and streaming services like Netflix and LoveFilm which allow subscribers to watch movies online. The document traces how distribution technology progressed from public showings to home video formats to internet streaming and digital delivery.Brit Cinema Lesson 1
Brit Cinema Lesson 1kingedmedia
油
This document provides information and guidance for developing a case study on a British film studio or production company. It discusses the key aspects of film production, distribution, and consumption that should be covered. It also prompts the reader to consider what defines British cinema and films. Examples are given of different decades of British cinema, including major films from each era, to help understand the ups and downs of the British film industry over time. Readers are assigned a decade to research and develop a short presentation about British cinema in that time period.An introduction to British Cinema
An introduction to British Cinema Naamah Hill
油
Defining a 'British' film is complex due to diverse characteristics and criteria established by the UK Film Council, such as filming location, cast and crew nationality, and thematic relevance to British culture. The document discusses various films like 'The Bourne Ultimatum' and 'Harry Potter,' assessing their eligibility as British films based on industry definitions and financial backing. It also addresses the challenges of producing British films, the need for government support, and the importance of distributing companies in promoting British cinema.Fish tank case study
Fish tank case study ameliabarrett16
油
This document provides general information about the 2009 drama film "Fish Tank" directed by Andrea Arnold. It summarizes the director, writer, producers, genre, release date, budget and box office numbers. It also lists the production and distribution companies involved. Marketing efforts included posters, trailers on YouTube and interviews. The intended target audience was primarily in the UK as the film depicts negative aspects of British culture that may not be as recognizable to international audiences. The film received critical acclaim and awards, including a BAFTA award for Best British Film.Case study fish tank
Case study fish tanksophbennett1234
油
FishTank is a 2009 British drama film directed by Andrea Arnold. It follows 15-year-old Mia, who lives in an Essex housing estate with her mother and younger sister. The film explores themes of dysfunctional families and alcoholism through a social realist lens. While FishTank received critical acclaim and over 20 awards, it struggled to find a wide audience domestically or internationally due to its small budget, unknown cast, and focus on a gritty portrayal of life in East London housing estates, which limited its relatability.Fish tank (2009) Case Study
Fish tank (2009) Case Studystarsmileygirl34
油
The film Fish Tank had a budget of 贈2 million pounds and was shot in 30 days, with partial funding of 贈70,000 from the UK Film Council. It was directed by Andrea Arnold and starred Katie Jarvis, who won a BAFTA Award for her breakthrough role. The film received critical acclaim and awards after being screened at numerous film festivals internationally. It had a limited arthouse release in UK theaters, grossing over 贈400,000 in its first few weeks.Legislation powerpoint
Legislation powerpointKiera Brown
油
This document provides a timeline and overview of key legislation related to film classification in the UK:
- The Cinematograph Act of 1909 introduced cinema licensing by local authorities for safety reasons and led to the BBFC being established in 1912 to standardize classification decisions.
- Subsequent acts in the 1930s-1950s addressed issues like animal cruelty in films and prohibiting children from viewing "unsuitable" films.
- The 1960s saw acts passed around obscenity and protecting children. The 1978 Protection of Children Act prohibited indecent images of those under 16.
- The 2003 Licensing Act formally recognized the BBFC role in cinema classification for the first time. Throughout, local authorities maintained final say over film licensesRevision uk film and the hollywood context
Revision uk film and the hollywood contextlatymermedia
油
The document discusses several aspects of the British film industry and its relationship with Hollywood. It asks whether a British film needs only a UK setting, cast, or storyline to be considered British. It also examines the importance of a national film industry for the economy and culture. British films often involve co-productions and distribution through Hollywood studios, so marketing decisions consider both UK and US audiences. Hollywood has been more successful due to continually reinventing itself and taking advantage of new technologies to expand globally. Recent British films have promoted more diversity and representation in national identity.The British Film Industry
The British Film IndustryNeill Ford
油
The document discusses the British film industry, including its objectives to identify key issues and evaluate popularity with audiences. It then provides information on organizations within the British film industry and their roles. These include the BFI which supports and promotes film, the BBFC which classifies and censors films, the British Council which promotes British films internationally, and the UK Film Council which previously promoted the economic, cultural and educational aspects of film. It also lists some major British production companies and their recent films. Finally, it discusses reasons for having a British film industry, how British films attract audiences, and compares British films to Hollywood blockbusters.Hollywood vs
Hollywood vsMsJMcLeod
油
The British film industry faces significant challenges competing with Hollywood for distribution and audiences. Hollywood distributes over 80% of films shown in UK theaters and its stars are more recognizable to British audiences. In contrast, the British film industry is much smaller and operates more as a "cottage industry" with 95% of production companies employing fewer than 10 people. While Britain has impressive filmmaking infrastructure and facilities, Hollywood has been more successful at continually reinventing itself, investing in new technologies, and retaining international distribution rights to profits from its films for many years. As a result, audiences in the UK predominantly choose to see Hollywood productions.Film classification introduction
Film classification introduction latymermedia
油
The BBFC is an independent, non-governmental organization that classifies films, videos, DVDs, video games, and advertisements on behalf of local authorities in the UK. It was established in 1912 and is funded through fees charged to examiners. The BBFC examines works for content related to issues like violence, language, sex, drugs and criminality based on UK legislation and their own classification guidelines. Works are assigned age ratings and sometimes require cuts or can be rejected. In 2009, the BBFC classified over 10,000 videos and DVDs, 181 digital games, and 2,138 trailers and ads, rejecting just two works.Fish tank case study media
Fish tank case study media amberbush
油
This document provides production details for several films, including Fish Tank, Ill Manors, Kidulthood, and Skyfall. Fish Tank is an independent British film from 2009 that was filmed on a low budget of $3 million near London over six weeks. Ill Manors is a 2012 British crime drama filmed in Manor Park, London on a budget of 贈100,000. Kidulthood is a 2006 British film about London teenagers produced by three companies with a budget of 贈600,000.The British Film Industry, CGS
The British Film Industry, CGSfilmcgs
油
The document discusses several key aspects of the British film industry:
- It identifies the main organizations that support and promote British film, including the BFI and UK Film Council.
- It outlines the criteria for a film to be considered British, such as having a British director or being based on a British story.
- It examines box office data from a sample weekend which shows that while US films dominated the top spots, several British films also performed well, indicating the British industry can attract audiences.The british film industry 2 SECTION A
The british film industry 2 SECTION Afilmcgs
油
The document discusses the British film industry, including the organizations that oversee its production and promotion, major production companies, and how British films compete globally. It provides statistics on box office performance of various films in the UK and discusses how genres and movie stars are used to appeal to audiences and ensure box office success. It highlights the critical and commercial success of Slumdog Millionaire as an example of an internationally successful British film.The British Film Industry 2, CGS
The British Film Industry 2, CGSfilmcgs
油
The document discusses several key aspects of the British film industry:
- It identifies the main organizations that support and promote British film, including the BFI and UK Film Council.
- It notes that a film needs to meet three of six criteria to qualify as a British film, such as having a British director or production company.
- It examines box office figures from a sample weekend, finding that while some British films made the top 10, Hollywood blockbusters dominated earnings.Working title initial research
Working title initial researchyasmin_elise98
油
Working Title Films is a British film production company founded in 1983 by Tim Bevan and Sarah Radclyffe in London. Eric Fellner and Tim Bevan now co-chair the successful company, which has produced over 100 films grossing nearly $6 billion worldwide, winning numerous awards including 10 Academy Awards. Some of Working Title's most popular and successful films include Drop Dead Fred, Billy Elliott, Nanny McPhee, Paul, Les Miserables, and The Theory of Everything. The company's films generally target teenagers and young adults and include family comedies as well as romance genres.Queation 3
Queation 3thodgson1
油
DNA Films would be well suited to distribute the film because they specialize in independent British films like the one being discussed. DNA Films has experience promoting similar genre films to the one being created, such as 28 Days Later and The Last King of Scotland. Bullet Boy was also a low budget British film distributed in the UK, like the film being discussed, so its film distribution model could provide insight.Exhibition of film
Exhibition of filmkelger
油
The document discusses ways the UK Film Council aims to make non-mainstream films more accessible, including through their Digital Screen Network of 240 screens across the UK, a Prints and Advertising Fund of 贈4 million to promote films, and an informative website. Digital exhibition is important as it allows independent cinemas to screen more films at a lower cost compared to traditional distribution methods. Exhibitors face challenges like shifting market conditions, competition, efforts to gain control of the market, and investing in new technologies.The British and US Film Industry
The British and US Film IndustryNaamah Hill
油
The document discusses the history and development of the British and US film industries. It notes that the British film industry has experienced booms and recessions since the 1930s. Some of Britain's earliest successes included Alfred Hitchcock films in the 1930s. The industry then experienced a recession from the 1970s to 1990s. The 1990s saw a resurgence in successful British costume dramas and comedies such as Four Weddings and a Funeral and The Full Monty. Government support through organizations like the UK Film Council and National Lottery also contributed to the industry's renaissance. The document outlines ongoing debates around the type of films Britain should produce and discusses factors that define a "British film."Similar to Regulation (BBFC) (20)
BBFC
BBFCJo Lowes
油
The document discusses film classification and censorship in the UK by the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC). The BBFC aims to protect children from harmful content and empower consumers to make informed viewing decisions. It classifies films and videos released in the UK based on factors like content, themes, language and imitable behavior. Films may be passed without cuts, passed with compulsory cuts to receive a less-restrictive rating, or refused classification and effectively banned. Debate surrounds whether censorship is still needed in the digital age and if banning films paradoxically gives them more publicity.Censorship
CensorshipChloe1312
油
This document provides an overview of censorship and its history. It discusses how the New York Board of Motion Picture Censorship was formed in 1909 and began influencing film productions worldwide. Major studios agreed to submit films for approval to avoid censorship. Later, organizations like the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America and the British Board of Film Classification were formed to regulate and rate films through codes and ratings. The document also gives an example of how Howard Hughes faced censorship challenges for violating codes with his film The Outlaw.Film; 1971 1989
Film; 1971 1989zoesmall
油
The document discusses censorship of films in the UK from 1971-1989, including several films that were initially banned but later passed with cuts or higher age ratings. Key bans and policies during this period include The Last House on the Left being banned until 2002, the creation of the "video nasties" list in 1984 that banned 74 films, and Stanley Kubrick removing A Clockwork Orange from theaters in 1973 due to public backlash rather than its content.British film
British filmMacyGriff
油
Here are detailed notes on cinematography:
Cinematography is the art or process of motion-picture photography. It involves the work of the cinematographer who selects the camera, lenses, film stock, lighting, and angles to realize the artistic and technical vision of the director.
Key factors of cinematography include:
- Camera movement - pans, tilts, tracks, handheld, steadycam etc. Movement adds dynamism.
- Lenses - wide angle, telephoto, macro etc. Different focal lengths change perspective and depth of field.
- Lighting - natural, artificial, hard, soft, high key, low key etc. Lighting shapes mood and draws attention. How is the Movie Industry Regulated
How is the Movie Industry RegulatedLizzie Stafford
油
The British Board of Film Censorship (BBFC) was established in 1912 to regulate the growing film industry in Britain. In the late 1930s, the BBFC began unofficially censoring films for political views at the request of the Home Office. In 1984, the BBFC took on the additional responsibility of classifying videos. While the BBFC assigns film ratings, local authorities have final say over who can view which films. Ratings provide information about a film's content such as sex, violence, and language.Bbfc history
Bbfc history keelsmvo
油
The BBFC is a non-governmental organization that has classified films in the UK for over 90 years and videos since 1985. It was established in 1912 when local authorities started imposing their own standards on films. Over time, the BBFC gained trust and its classifications became standard practice. In the 1980s and 90s, the BBFC expanded its remit to classify video games and respond to new media like digital content. It has periodically updated its rating system over the decades to address societal and technological changes.Mike david lisa
Mike david lisaAlannahJohnson
油
The UK film classification system has evolved from moralistic paternalism to bureaucratic protectionism over time. It aims to inform audiences and limit harm while respecting freedom of choice. The BBFC classifies films for fees according to guidelines considering harm to viewers and society. Films can be cut or restricted to certain age ratings, with legal limits on obscenity, cruelty and child images. Challenges include unclassified media skirting the system.Belton (14) Hollywood in the Age of Television
Belton (14) Hollywood in the Age of TelevisionProfMartilli
油
Here are some key points about Hollywood blockbusters from the 1950s-60s and more recently:
- Epic historical dramas and biblical stories were very popular in the 1950s-60s blockbusters, appealing to a wide audience. Films like Ben-Hur and The Ten Commandments told grand stories on a massive scale.
- Spectacle and visual effects were highly emphasized, from large sets and battle scenes to VistaVision and Cinerama. This gave audiences an experience that couldn't be found on television.
- More recent blockbusters often rely on popular existing properties (superheroes, remakes), digital effects, and 3D to provide visual thrills and draw audiences back to theaters. Films likeInstitutional research
Institutional researchsaskiaella17
油
A film distributor is responsible for releasing films and connecting film production to exhibitors. They distribute films to cinemas and for home viewing through various sub-distributors. Different distributors focus on different genres and target audiences. The BBC Film Network focuses on distributing short British films online and providing resources for filmmakers. DNA Films is an independent UK production and distribution company known for films like 28 Days Later. Paramount and Warner Bros are major Hollywood studios that distribute blockbuster films worldwide.Institutional research
Institutional researchsaskiaella17
油
A film distributor is responsible for releasing films and connecting film production to exhibitors. They distribute films to cinemas and for home viewing through various sub-distributors. Different distributors focus on different genres and target audiences. The BBC Film Network focuses on distributing short British films online and providing resources for filmmakers. DNA Films is an independent UK production and distribution company known for films like 28 Days Later. Paramount and Warner Bros are major Hollywood studios that distribute blockbuster films worldwide.Institutional research
Institutional researchsaskiaella17
油
A film distributor is responsible for releasing films and connecting film production to exhibitors. They distribute films to cinemas and for home viewing through various sub-distributors. Different distributors focus on different genres and target audiences. The BBC Film Network focuses on distributing short British films online and providing resources for filmmakers. DNA Films is an independent UK production and distribution company known for films like 28 Days Later. Paramount and Warner Bros are major Hollywood studios that distribute blockbuster films worldwide.Institutional research
Institutional researchsaskiaella17
油
A film distributor is responsible for releasing films and connecting film production to exhibitors. They distribute films to cinemas and for home viewing through various sub-distributors. The BBC Film Network focuses on distributing short British films and provides resources for filmmakers. DNA Films is an independent UK production and distribution company known for films like 28 Days Later. Paramount and Warner Bros are major Hollywood studios that produce and distribute blockbuster films globally.Section b developments in 21st century cinema and film
Section b developments in 21st century cinema and filmLou Davies
油
This document provides information about Section B of a Film Studies exam, which focuses on cinema in context. It outlines two questions students will answer - one on the rise of blockbusters and multiplex cinemas from 1972-1984, and another on developments in 21st century cinema from 2000 to present. For each response, students must discuss the sociological, economic, and technological contexts, refer to films, link to historical context, and discuss how periods influenced future developments. They are also advised to connect institutional practices to audience behavior. Example exam questions are provided at the end.Timeline of the BBFC by Hollie-Jade Higgins
Timeline of the BBFC by Hollie-Jade HigginsHigginsPlumb
油
The document summarizes the timeline of the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) from 1900 to 2009. Some key events include:
- In 1912, the BBFC was created by the film industry to ensure uniform film classification decisions.
- In the 1920s, the BBFC began regulating depictions of drugs, sexuality, and criminal acts in films.
- Film rating categories like 'H' for horror and 'X' for adults-only were introduced in the 1930s-1950s.
- Films dealing with topics like homosexuality, drugs, and violence faced classification challenges in the 1960s-1970s.
- The introduction of video in the 1980s led the BBFC to also regulate videos forClassification
Classificationtessiemedia
油
The document discusses the history and role of the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) in regulating and classifying films shown in the UK. It outlines the BBFC's guidelines and rating system, how censorship has changed over time due to social changes, and some of the challenges faced in classifying films for different formats and platforms. The BBFC is a self-regulatory body made up of film industry representatives that can impose age ratings, though local authorities can overrule their decisions. Classification considers legal, protective, and societal factors, and aims to balance freedom of expression with protecting viewers.History of the cinema's technological developments
History of the cinema's technological developmentsConnorJohnAdkins
油
The document summarizes the history of cinema technology from 1895 to the 2000s. Key developments include the creation of the first portable camera in the late 19th century, motorized cameras in 1912, larger movie palaces in 1913, color film in 1929, the introduction of television in the 1950s, and digital 3D projection replacing earlier 3D film systems in the late 2000s. Smell-O-Vision, an unsuccessful 1960 system to project smells related to on-screen action, is also mentioned.Bbfc hw 22 nd (media) 2
Bbfc hw 22 nd (media) 2dakotabs
油
The BBFC initially classified A Clockwork Orange as an 'X' rating in 1971 due to its graphic depictions of violence. However, after some crimes mimicked scenes from the film, Kubrick voluntarily withdrew it from UK cinemas. It was later re-released uncut with an 18 rating. In contrast, Fight Club faced less controversy over its violence when released in 1999, suggesting attitudes had changed. Both films portray violence critically to examine societal issues, though A Clockwork Orange's was seen as more shocking at the time.The bbfc
The bbfcShahEman
油
The BBFC was established in 1912 as the British Board of Film Censors by the British film industry to self-regulate film content and avoid government censorship. It began operating in 1913 and is now a non-governmental organization responsible for classifying and censoring films, videos, DVDs, and some video games in the UK. The BBFC aims to protect the public, especially children, from harmful content while respecting adult freedom of choice. It also works to reflect changing social attitudes and provide classification services efficiently. The BBFC is adapting to new online content by offering voluntary classification for straight-to-online videos and working with fifteen online platforms, but faces challenges from amateur user-generated content on sites like YouTube.Nick Broomfield
Nick Broomfieldsandi97
油
Nick Broomfield is an English documentary filmmaker born in 1948. He is known for his self-reflexive documentary style that includes filming himself and using minimal crews. Broomfield has won numerous awards including a BAFTA and Sundance Film Festival prizes. Some of his most popular documentary films explore the lives and deaths of Kurt Cobain, Aileen Wuornos, Biggie Smalls, and Tupac Shakur. His 2002 film "Biggie and Tupac" investigated the still unsolved murders of the two famous rappers.Nick Broomfield
Nick Broomfieldsandi97
油
Nick Broomfield is an English documentary filmmaker born in 1948. He is known for his self-reflexive documentary style, where he includes himself and the filmmaking process in the documentary. Some of his most popular documentary films include Kurt and Courtney (1998), Aileen: Life and Death of a Serial Killer (2003), and Biggie and Tupac (2002) which investigated the deaths of rappers Biggie Smalls and Tupac Shakur. Broomfield has received many awards for his work including a BAFTA tribute evening, a BAFTA award, and awards from the Sundance and Chicago film festivals.Ad
Regulation (BBFC)
- 1. BBFC
- 2. History In 1912 the British board of film censors formed because they would rather have their own censorship than having national or local government do it for them). They wanted to uniformate film classification in reaction to the cinematographers Act in 1909.
- 3. What they regulate Films DVDs Video Games
- 4. Funding BBFC is a independent body and has not funding from the government. They gain their finance from the fees they charge for classifying films and videos however is run as a non profit business.
- 5. Legislations Video recordings Act 1984 Video recordings Act 2010 (VRA) Human rights Act 1998 Coroners and Justice Act 2009 The Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 The Protection of Children Act 1978
- 6. Classification All video works which are supplied on a disc, tape or any other device capable of storing data.
- 7. Customer Advice Consumer advice offered by the BBFC is a single, short sentence by which the view states the issue that determines the category to which the film was put in.
- 8. Time line thing. 1982, BBFC overhauls rating 1994, Amendment to 1912 Bbfc 1932, H certificate system adding the VRA are made in created. introduced showing the PG, 15, 18 and the light of the Jamie film is of a Horror nature R18. Bulger Murder 1909, Cinematograph 1952, Changes in the act is set out giving cinematograph act were local authorities to made and the X issue or withdraw certificate was introduced. licences to cinemas First Mandatory age restriction.
- 9. Comparison between Fight Club and Clockwork Orange
- 10. Clockwork Orange Based on Anthony Burgess Novel A clockwork Orange 1962 Made by Stanley Kubrick Withdrew by Kubrick then rereleased Hit in America Anthony Burgess reaction - publicly saying he loved Malcolm McDowell and Michael Bates, and the use of music; he praised it as "brilliant", even so brilliant that it might be dangerous
- 11. Fight Club "Only after we lose everything, are we free to become anything Slaves to our own minds, addiction to computers.. Once we lose then we are truly set free. The things you own end up owning you living without tech for use becomes hard because we are so addicted Violence used for freedom
- 12. Common themes Addiction Violence Nature to society