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Integrated WM - Municipal Solid Wastes

Ezhilkumar, Professor (Asst), Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore.
Ezhilkumar, Professor (Asst), Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore.

Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes

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Prof. M.R.Ezhilkumar Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore ezhilkumar@skcet.ac.in 1 17CE413 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT 1.6 Integrated Waste Management I only feel angry when I see waste. When I see people throwing away things we could use. Mother Teresa
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 2 Integrated Waste Management (IWM) Hierarchy in IWM Sustainable IWM models 1.6 Integrated Waste Management Learning Outcomes
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 3 Video Session 1
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 4 Video Session 2
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 5 Integrated Solid Waste Management Municipal Solid Waste Management involves the application of principle of Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) to municipal waste. ISWM is the application of suitable techniques, technologies and management programs covering all types of solid wastes from all sources to achieve the twin objectives of (a) waste reduction and (b) effective management of waste still produced after waste reduction.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 6 Integrated Solid Waste Management Integrated Solid Waste Management: A set of plans to manage solid waste Adopted by many governments A means of achieving sustainability Planning is the first step in designing or improving a waste management system. Waste management planners should, take into consideration institutional, social, financial, economic, technical, and environmental factors. These factors vary from place to place.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 7 Integrated Solid Waste Management Importance of IWM 甦Certain problems can be more easily resolved in combination with other aspects of the waste system than on their own. 甦Integration allows for capacity or resources to be optimised and, thus, fully utilized. 甦An integrated approach allows for participation of public, private, and informal sector participants, in roles appropriate for each.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 8 Integrated Solid Waste Management Importance of IWM 甦Some waste management practices are more costly than others, and integrated approaches facilitate the identification and selection of low-cost solutions. 甦Some waste management activities cannot bear any charges, some will always be net expenses, while others may produce an income. 甦An integrated system can result in a range of practices that complement each other in this regard.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 9 Integrated Solid Waste Management ISWM is closely linked to the 3R approach (reduce, reuse, and recycle), which also preliminarily emphasises the importance of waste reduction, reuse, and recycling over other forms of waste processing or management. The major ISWM activities are waste prevention, recycling and composting, and combustion and disposal in properly designed, constructed, and managed landfills. Each of these activities requires careful planning, financing, collection, and transport.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 10 Integrated Solid Waste Management The integrated solid waste management (ISWM) system is based on the waste management hierarchy, with an aim to reduce the amount of waste being disposed while maximizing resource recovery and efficiency. The ISWM hierarchy ranks waste management strategies according to their environmental benefits. Based on this waste management hierarchy, an assessment of local needs and conditions should lead to the selection of an appropriate mix of processes and technologies.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 11 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source:
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 12 Integrated Solid Waste Management At source reduction and reuse: The most preferred option for waste management in the ISWM hierarchy is to prevent the generation of waste at various stages including in the design, production, packaging, use, and reuse of products. Waste prevention helps to reduce handling, treatment, and disposal costs and various environmental impacts such as leachate, air emissions, and generation of greenhouse gases (GHG). Minimisation of waste generation at source and reuse of products are the most preferred waste prevention strategies.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 13 Integrated Solid Waste Management Waste recycling: The next preferred option for waste management in the ISWM hierarchy is recycling of waste to recover material resources through segregation, collection, and re-processing to create new products. In the waste management hierarchy, composting is considered as an organic material recovery process and is often considered at the same hierarchical level as inorganic waste recycling.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 14 Integrated Solid Waste Management Waste to energy: Where material recovery from waste is not possible, energy recovery from waste through production of heat, electricity, or fuel is preferred. Biomethanation, waste incineration, production of refuse derived fuel (RDF), co-processing of combustible nonbiodegradable dry fraction from MSW in cement kilns and pyrolysis or gasification are some waste-to-energy technologies.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 15 Integrated Solid Waste Management Waste disposal: Residual inert wastes at the end of the hierarchy are to be disposed in sanitary lined landfills, which are constructed in accordance with stipulations prescribed in SWM Rules, 2016. All over the world, landfills which integrate the capture and use of methane are preferred over landfills which do not capture the landfill gas. As per the hierarchy, the least preferred option is the disposal of waste in open dumpsites.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 16 Integrated Solid Waste Management The ISWM concept is also aimed at optimising MSW management from all the waste-generating sectors (households, commercial and institutional establishments, parks and gardens, construction and demolition, urban agriculture, and safety and healthcare facilities) and involving all the stakeholders (waste generators, service providers, informal sector, regulators, government, and community or neighbourhoods). The adoption of the 3R concept helps to minimize the amount of waste to be handled by the municipal authority, minimising the public health and environmental risks associated with it.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 17 Integrated Solid Waste Management ISWM also reflects the following aspects: 1) Municipal solid waste and climate change 2) Gender equity aspects 3) Informal sector integration in Municipal Solid Waste Management
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 18 Integrated Solid Waste Management 1) Municipal solid waste and climate change MSW is related to climate change in several ways: (i) ISWM reduces the emissions of greenhouse gases mainly methane. Waste minimisation, waste recycling, waste to energy strategies, and landfill gas capture and use are reduction strategies for greenhouse gases, either directly (landfill gas capture) or by better use of energy and resources inherent in products and materials (climate footprint). (ii) MSWM should also reflect needs for adaptation to future impacts of climate change. An example is site selection and design of landfills, which might have to reflect changing groundwater tables or rainfall patterns.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 19 Integrated Solid Waste Management 2) Gender equity aspects Women are involved in and affected by MSWM in multiple ways. They work in ULBs (e.g., many street sweepers and doorstep collectors are also women) and also in the informal sector. This requires interventions to protect women from the harmful effects of unhygienic practices which also affect their social functions in childcare and family food supply.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 20 Integrated Solid Waste Management 2) Gender equity aspects Moreover, they are often the first customers of any MSW collection service and engage in segregation of waste at source at the household level. The MSWM system design should therefore consider the health and safety concerns of women. The MSWM system should also engage in a social impact assessment to bring gender gaps to the forefront for systematic analysis and corrective and appropriate responses.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 21 Integrated Solid Waste Management 3) Informal sector integration in Municipal Solid Waste Management 甦An implication of the comprehensive understanding of ISWM is that it will involve various stakeholders, going far beyond a merely public task for the ULB. Important groups include the private sector and the informal sector. 甦The informal sector plays an important role in the MSWM value chain by recovering valuable material from waste. 甦It includes both the kabadi system or scrap dealers and waste pickers that help reduce environmental impacts by improving resource recovery and reducing waste quantities for disposal.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 22 Integrated Solid Waste Management 3) Informal sector integration in Municipal Solid Waste Management 甦The integration of the informal sector into the formal MSWM system through resident welfare associations (RWAs), community-based organizations (CBOs), non-government organizations (NGOs), self-help groups (SHGs), and private sector will contribute to the reduction of the overall MSWM costs, provide support to the local recycling industry, and create new job opportunities.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 23 Integrated Solid Waste Management Extended Producer Responsibility Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is a policy approach wherein a producer is held responsible for the post-consumer stage of a product. Collection (e.g., for e-waste or hazardous waste components), Reuse (e.g., disposal-refund systems for bottles), Recycling (e.g., for used cars), and storage and treatment (e.g., for batteries). EPR programs are commonly made mandatory through legislation, but can also be adopted voluntarily (i.e., retail take-back programs).
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 24 Integrated Solid Waste Management Decentralised / Community level Waste Management Systems Decentralised community level waste management systems are preferred to centralised waste management solutions under certain circumstances. Reduce the burden of handling large volumes of MSW at a centralised location. Reduction in costs of transportation and intermediate storage.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 25 Integrated Solid Waste Management Some of the advantages of decentralised waste management include the following: 損 Decentralised systems allow for lower level of mechanisation than the centralised solutions, and provide job opportunities for informal workers and small entrepreneurs. 損 Decentralised options can be tailor made for the local waste stream, climate, social, and economic conditions. 損 Decentralised systems reduce the cost incurred for the collection, transportation, and disposal of waste by the ULBs.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 26 Integrated Solid Waste Management However, ULBs should be aware of some of the limitations of decentralised waste management such as the following: 損 Difficulty in obtaining land in many urban areas 損 Difficulty in maintaining scientific and hygienic conditions due to lack of sufficient space and training and capacity of workers 損 Uncertain quality of end products 損 Difficulty in ensuring economic viability of the system, especially when qualified staff is required
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 27 Integrated Solid Waste Management Overview of Developing a Municipal solid waste management Plan in an Urban Local Body 1 POLICIES, PROGRAMMES AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK 2 ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT SITUATION AND GAP ANALYSIS 3 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION FOR MSWM PLANNING 4 PREPARATION OF DRAFT MSWM PLAN 5 SCHEDULE FOR IMPLEMENTATION 6 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION FOR MSWM PLAN VALIDATION 7 Municipal COUNCIL APPROVAL FOR MSWM PLAN and PLAN IMPLEMENTATION INCLUDING PPP
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 28 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source: Municipal Solid Waste Management Manual (2016), CPHEEO, Swachh Baharat Mission, MoUD, GoI
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 29 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source: Municipal Solid Waste Management Manual (2016), CPHEEO, Swachh Baharat Mission, MoUD, GoI
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 30 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source: Municipal Solid Waste Management Manual (2016), CPHEEO, Swachh Baharat Mission, MoUD, GoI
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 31 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source: Ramachandra TV (2011), Chapter 30 - Integrated management of municipal solid waste. Integrated solid waste management using 1. Geographic Information System (GIS) 2. Management Information System (MIS) 3. Global Positioning System (GPS)
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 32 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source: Sharma et al., (2019), DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001490.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 33 Assessment Time Review Question Propose an Integrated Waste Management system for an educational institution with a sustainable practices.
SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 34

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Integrated WM - Municipal Solid Wastes

  • 1. Prof. M.R.Ezhilkumar Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore ezhilkumar@skcet.ac.in 1 17CE413 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT 1.6 Integrated Waste Management I only feel angry when I see waste. When I see people throwing away things we could use. Mother Teresa
  • 2. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 2 Integrated Waste Management (IWM) Hierarchy in IWM Sustainable IWM models 1.6 Integrated Waste Management Learning Outcomes
  • 3. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 3 Video Session 1
  • 4. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 4 Video Session 2
  • 5. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 5 Integrated Solid Waste Management Municipal Solid Waste Management involves the application of principle of Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) to municipal waste. ISWM is the application of suitable techniques, technologies and management programs covering all types of solid wastes from all sources to achieve the twin objectives of (a) waste reduction and (b) effective management of waste still produced after waste reduction.
  • 6. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 6 Integrated Solid Waste Management Integrated Solid Waste Management: A set of plans to manage solid waste Adopted by many governments A means of achieving sustainability Planning is the first step in designing or improving a waste management system. Waste management planners should, take into consideration institutional, social, financial, economic, technical, and environmental factors. These factors vary from place to place.
  • 7. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 7 Integrated Solid Waste Management Importance of IWM 甦Certain problems can be more easily resolved in combination with other aspects of the waste system than on their own. 甦Integration allows for capacity or resources to be optimised and, thus, fully utilized. 甦An integrated approach allows for participation of public, private, and informal sector participants, in roles appropriate for each.
  • 8. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 8 Integrated Solid Waste Management Importance of IWM 甦Some waste management practices are more costly than others, and integrated approaches facilitate the identification and selection of low-cost solutions. 甦Some waste management activities cannot bear any charges, some will always be net expenses, while others may produce an income. 甦An integrated system can result in a range of practices that complement each other in this regard.
  • 9. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 9 Integrated Solid Waste Management ISWM is closely linked to the 3R approach (reduce, reuse, and recycle), which also preliminarily emphasises the importance of waste reduction, reuse, and recycling over other forms of waste processing or management. The major ISWM activities are waste prevention, recycling and composting, and combustion and disposal in properly designed, constructed, and managed landfills. Each of these activities requires careful planning, financing, collection, and transport.
  • 10. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 10 Integrated Solid Waste Management The integrated solid waste management (ISWM) system is based on the waste management hierarchy, with an aim to reduce the amount of waste being disposed while maximizing resource recovery and efficiency. The ISWM hierarchy ranks waste management strategies according to their environmental benefits. Based on this waste management hierarchy, an assessment of local needs and conditions should lead to the selection of an appropriate mix of processes and technologies.
  • 11. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 11 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source:
  • 12. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 12 Integrated Solid Waste Management At source reduction and reuse: The most preferred option for waste management in the ISWM hierarchy is to prevent the generation of waste at various stages including in the design, production, packaging, use, and reuse of products. Waste prevention helps to reduce handling, treatment, and disposal costs and various environmental impacts such as leachate, air emissions, and generation of greenhouse gases (GHG). Minimisation of waste generation at source and reuse of products are the most preferred waste prevention strategies.
  • 13. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 13 Integrated Solid Waste Management Waste recycling: The next preferred option for waste management in the ISWM hierarchy is recycling of waste to recover material resources through segregation, collection, and re-processing to create new products. In the waste management hierarchy, composting is considered as an organic material recovery process and is often considered at the same hierarchical level as inorganic waste recycling.
  • 14. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 14 Integrated Solid Waste Management Waste to energy: Where material recovery from waste is not possible, energy recovery from waste through production of heat, electricity, or fuel is preferred. Biomethanation, waste incineration, production of refuse derived fuel (RDF), co-processing of combustible nonbiodegradable dry fraction from MSW in cement kilns and pyrolysis or gasification are some waste-to-energy technologies.
  • 15. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 15 Integrated Solid Waste Management Waste disposal: Residual inert wastes at the end of the hierarchy are to be disposed in sanitary lined landfills, which are constructed in accordance with stipulations prescribed in SWM Rules, 2016. All over the world, landfills which integrate the capture and use of methane are preferred over landfills which do not capture the landfill gas. As per the hierarchy, the least preferred option is the disposal of waste in open dumpsites.
  • 16. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 16 Integrated Solid Waste Management The ISWM concept is also aimed at optimising MSW management from all the waste-generating sectors (households, commercial and institutional establishments, parks and gardens, construction and demolition, urban agriculture, and safety and healthcare facilities) and involving all the stakeholders (waste generators, service providers, informal sector, regulators, government, and community or neighbourhoods). The adoption of the 3R concept helps to minimize the amount of waste to be handled by the municipal authority, minimising the public health and environmental risks associated with it.
  • 17. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 17 Integrated Solid Waste Management ISWM also reflects the following aspects: 1) Municipal solid waste and climate change 2) Gender equity aspects 3) Informal sector integration in Municipal Solid Waste Management
  • 18. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 18 Integrated Solid Waste Management 1) Municipal solid waste and climate change MSW is related to climate change in several ways: (i) ISWM reduces the emissions of greenhouse gases mainly methane. Waste minimisation, waste recycling, waste to energy strategies, and landfill gas capture and use are reduction strategies for greenhouse gases, either directly (landfill gas capture) or by better use of energy and resources inherent in products and materials (climate footprint). (ii) MSWM should also reflect needs for adaptation to future impacts of climate change. An example is site selection and design of landfills, which might have to reflect changing groundwater tables or rainfall patterns.
  • 19. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 19 Integrated Solid Waste Management 2) Gender equity aspects Women are involved in and affected by MSWM in multiple ways. They work in ULBs (e.g., many street sweepers and doorstep collectors are also women) and also in the informal sector. This requires interventions to protect women from the harmful effects of unhygienic practices which also affect their social functions in childcare and family food supply.
  • 20. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 20 Integrated Solid Waste Management 2) Gender equity aspects Moreover, they are often the first customers of any MSW collection service and engage in segregation of waste at source at the household level. The MSWM system design should therefore consider the health and safety concerns of women. The MSWM system should also engage in a social impact assessment to bring gender gaps to the forefront for systematic analysis and corrective and appropriate responses.
  • 21. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 21 Integrated Solid Waste Management 3) Informal sector integration in Municipal Solid Waste Management 甦An implication of the comprehensive understanding of ISWM is that it will involve various stakeholders, going far beyond a merely public task for the ULB. Important groups include the private sector and the informal sector. 甦The informal sector plays an important role in the MSWM value chain by recovering valuable material from waste. 甦It includes both the kabadi system or scrap dealers and waste pickers that help reduce environmental impacts by improving resource recovery and reducing waste quantities for disposal.
  • 22. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 22 Integrated Solid Waste Management 3) Informal sector integration in Municipal Solid Waste Management 甦The integration of the informal sector into the formal MSWM system through resident welfare associations (RWAs), community-based organizations (CBOs), non-government organizations (NGOs), self-help groups (SHGs), and private sector will contribute to the reduction of the overall MSWM costs, provide support to the local recycling industry, and create new job opportunities.
  • 23. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 23 Integrated Solid Waste Management Extended Producer Responsibility Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is a policy approach wherein a producer is held responsible for the post-consumer stage of a product. Collection (e.g., for e-waste or hazardous waste components), Reuse (e.g., disposal-refund systems for bottles), Recycling (e.g., for used cars), and storage and treatment (e.g., for batteries). EPR programs are commonly made mandatory through legislation, but can also be adopted voluntarily (i.e., retail take-back programs).
  • 24. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 24 Integrated Solid Waste Management Decentralised / Community level Waste Management Systems Decentralised community level waste management systems are preferred to centralised waste management solutions under certain circumstances. Reduce the burden of handling large volumes of MSW at a centralised location. Reduction in costs of transportation and intermediate storage.
  • 25. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 25 Integrated Solid Waste Management Some of the advantages of decentralised waste management include the following: 損 Decentralised systems allow for lower level of mechanisation than the centralised solutions, and provide job opportunities for informal workers and small entrepreneurs. 損 Decentralised options can be tailor made for the local waste stream, climate, social, and economic conditions. 損 Decentralised systems reduce the cost incurred for the collection, transportation, and disposal of waste by the ULBs.
  • 26. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 26 Integrated Solid Waste Management However, ULBs should be aware of some of the limitations of decentralised waste management such as the following: 損 Difficulty in obtaining land in many urban areas 損 Difficulty in maintaining scientific and hygienic conditions due to lack of sufficient space and training and capacity of workers 損 Uncertain quality of end products 損 Difficulty in ensuring economic viability of the system, especially when qualified staff is required
  • 27. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 27 Integrated Solid Waste Management Overview of Developing a Municipal solid waste management Plan in an Urban Local Body 1 POLICIES, PROGRAMMES AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK 2 ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT SITUATION AND GAP ANALYSIS 3 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION FOR MSWM PLANNING 4 PREPARATION OF DRAFT MSWM PLAN 5 SCHEDULE FOR IMPLEMENTATION 6 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION FOR MSWM PLAN VALIDATION 7 Municipal COUNCIL APPROVAL FOR MSWM PLAN and PLAN IMPLEMENTATION INCLUDING PPP
  • 28. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 28 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source: Municipal Solid Waste Management Manual (2016), CPHEEO, Swachh Baharat Mission, MoUD, GoI
  • 29. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 29 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source: Municipal Solid Waste Management Manual (2016), CPHEEO, Swachh Baharat Mission, MoUD, GoI
  • 30. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 30 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source: Municipal Solid Waste Management Manual (2016), CPHEEO, Swachh Baharat Mission, MoUD, GoI
  • 31. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 31 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source: Ramachandra TV (2011), Chapter 30 - Integrated management of municipal solid waste. Integrated solid waste management using 1. Geographic Information System (GIS) 2. Management Information System (MIS) 3. Global Positioning System (GPS)
  • 32. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 32 Integrated Solid Waste Management Source: Sharma et al., (2019), DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001490.
  • 33. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 33 Assessment Time Review Question Propose an Integrated Waste Management system for an educational institution with a sustainable practices.
  • 34. SHWM Module 1 Characteristics and Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes Mr.M.R.Ezhilkumar 34