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Akanksha Tripathi , Neha Singh, Richa Tripathi*, Markandey
Misra, Himanshu D.dwivedi+
Zoology department, M.L.K.P.G. College, Balrampur, U.P.
*Botany Department, M.L.K.P.G.College, Balrampur
+ Botany department, S.V.N.P.G. College, Kalan, Sultanpur, U.P.
himanshu.bsip@gmail.com
+91-9450515895

Materials and Methods-
About the plant Pongamia pinnata (Karanj)
Pongamia pinnata has also been called Derris indica
,Pongamia glabra, Millettia pinnata of family
Leguminosae . It is one of the few nitrogen fixing
trees to produce seeds containing 30-40% oil.
Preparation of P.H.P.
The P.H.P. (Pongamia Herbal Pesticide) was prepared
with the mature leaves of Pongamia pinnata. To
prepare P.H.P. we took 200 grams of mature leaves of
Karanj , Soaked it in 500 ml water overnight and then
grind it. The water in which the leaves were soaked
was used to dissolve the extract in grinder, filtered it
with a filter paper. Then water is added in the conical
flask to make final volume 1 liter. After filtration of juice
some residue of leaves is left which may be used as
soil treatment agent.

Experimental Methodology and Observations
In the month of June 2010 the major experimental
part of this work was started in the Crop fields of
our college. We decided to test our herbal pesticide
(P.H.P.) on that crop field where rice was planted.
Three different blocks of rice field were selected
sized 25x 25 meters. The blocks were named as
‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’. The distance between these fields
was 50 meters. The ‘A’ block was treated with 1%
DDT every month. The ‘B’ block was taken as
‘Control’ in which no pesticide was used. The ‘C’
block was treated with ‘P.H.P.’ every month. The
observations were recorded in ink as well as
photographically every 15 days till the crop end in
Oct 2010.

We observed that the block ‘A’ which was treated
with DDT (Fig-1) was partially infection free. There
were seen some insect pests and lesions on the
Rice plants. The block ‘B’ which was taken as
‘Control’ and was not treated with any pesticide was
found infested with various insect-pests one of which
is shown in (Fig-2). The block ‘C’ which was treated
with P.H.P. (Herbal pesticide from leaves of
Pongamia pinnata) was found totally free of any
insect-pest (Fig-3). It was also observed that 5 ltr. Of
P.H.P. is sufficient for a farmland of 25x25 meters in
a crop season.
Further in last week (Oct 19th 2010) when we
observed the yield after threshing of paddy we found
that the yield was 460 kg in the ‘A’ Block, 395 kg in
‘B’ Block and 530 kg in Block ‘C’.

Results
We found two types of data. In first type study we
found that infestation of insect-pests is highest in
the Block ‘B’ where various insects were
recorded, tolerable in Block ‘A’ and nil in block ‘C’
where P.H.P. was used as pesticide. It strongly
shows that P.H.P. is a potential pesticide /insect
repellent and it is more effective than DDT.
Secondly we found that in the cropland where
P.H.P. was used the yield is highest. The yield of
DDT sprayed field is medium while lowest in the
Control where no pesticide was used.

Discussion-
we found that our herbal pesticide P.H.P. has totally
controlled the insect pests of ornamental plants as well
as crop plants such as Rice. Due to less infestation of
insects the yield was also increased up to 30%. It means
if we use P.H.P. in place of DDT and other chemical
pesticides the overall production of our food-grains will
increase by 30%. Again our dependency over chemical
pesticide will decrease and it will again save our
economy. Use of P.H.P. is free from all the side effects of
chemical pesticides. Besides this, herbal pesticides such
as P.H.P. are cost effective and easily available to poor
farmers. We can encourage farmers to grow this plant on
the side of their farmlands and in barren lands. It will also
increase the fertility of soil by nitrogen fixation.

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