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Projekt Anglisht

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The document discusses different types of conditionals in English, including the zero conditional, which describes situations that are always true. It provides examples of zero conditionals like "if you heat water, it boils." The document also discusses the first conditional, which refers to possible situations in the present or future, and provides examples. Additionally, it covers the second conditional, which refers to unlikely or imaginary situations and uses "if" with the past tense. It provides examples of second conditionals and other conditional structures like "unless," "in case," "provided," and "as long as." Finally, the document discusses conditionals used to express wishes.

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The conditionals in the English language
The zero conditional (always true) If X happens, Y happens. If you go , I come with you. When I was a child, if you didnt have money for something, you couldnt buy it. If you press the switch, the light comes on.
OTHER EXAMPLES: IF YOU HEAT WATER, IT BOILS. IF YOU BOIL WATER, IT TURNS INTO STREAM. IF YOU COOL THE STEAM , IT TURNS BACK TO THE PRIMARY MODE. IF YOU HEAT A PIECE OF METAL, IT EXPANDS. IF YOU FREEZE A PIECE OF METAL, IT CONTRACTS. IF YOU FREEZE WATER, IT EXPANDS.
Projekt Anglisht
IF
EXAMPLES: IF EVERYONE RECYCLES PAPER, COMPANIES WONT CUT DOWN SO TREES. IF EVERYONE RECYCLES METAL AND GLASS, WE WONT WASTE VALUABLE RESOURCES. IF EVERYONE RECYCLES PAPER ,METAL AND GLASS , WE WONT PRODUCE SO MUCH RUBBISH. IF EVERYONE TURNS OFF UNWANTED LIGHTS, WE WILL SAVE A LOT OF ELECTRICITY. IF EVERYONE WALKS OR CYCLES, WE WONT WASTE SO MUCH OIL AND PETROL. IF COUNTRIES USE POWER STATIONS LESS , IT WILL CAUSE LESS AIR POLLUTION.
UNLESS , IN CASE, PROVIDED, AS LONG AS. UNLESS AND IN CASE + PRESENT SIMPLE UNLESS MEANS :IF NOT. WE USE IT WHEN WE SAY THAT IF SOMETHING DOES NOT HAPPEN, SOMETHING ELSE WILL HAPPENT. EX. UNLESS WE DEAL WITH THE GLOBAL WARMING PROBLEM, AVERANGE TEMPERATURES WILL RISE. IN CASE DESCRIBES A POSSIBLE SITUATION WE WANT TO BE PERPARED FOR. EX. TAKE AN UMBRELLA IN CASE IT RAINS. TAKE A PAIR OF RUNNING SHOES IN CASE YOU NEED THEM. PROVIDED, AS LONG AS + PRESENT SIMPLE PROVIDED AND AS LONG AS MEAN ONLY IF. EX. PROVIDED WE REDUCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION, WE CAN SLOW DOWN GLOBAL WARMING. OR EX. AS LONG AS WE REDUCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION, WE CAN SLOW DOWN GLOBAL WARMING.
Projekt Anglisht
Examples: What would happen if the Earth stopped turning? If the Earth didnt have a Moon, there wouldnt be any tides. If I were you, I wouldnt do that.
Examples If you were a horse, you would see everything in black and white. If you looked inside your own eye at the images there, they would be upside down, and they would be moving. The worlds oceans contain huge amounts of salt. In fact , if you removed all the salt from the oceans , you would be able to use it to build a wall about 300 km wide and a km tall all around the Earth.
If Id seen you, I would have said hello. If Alexander the Great had marched west instead of east, he would have conquered the whole of Europe. If more Vikings had gone to North America, the Viking settlements would have succeed. If Columbus had sailed east in 1492, he would have reached China or Japan.
OTHER EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
WISHES About the present: When we use wish to make a wish about the present present, we use the unreal past simple, as in an unreal conditional sentence. I wish I knew more about European history. Wishes about the past. When we use wish to make a wish about the past, we use the past perfect, as in an impossible past conditional sentence. I wish I had been present at the battle of Waterloo. Wishes with would We also use wish with would when we want someone to do something or not to do something. This is often because we think it is a bad habit. I wish you wouldnt keep staring at me! I wish Pete would phone. If only We can use if only to make a stronger kind of wish about the present or the past. If only I knew more about European history! If only I had studied harder!
If X had happened, Y would be different. We often think about past events, and their effects on the present. If Chris hadnt gone to the hospital, he wouldnt be alive today. If I hadnt brought a map we would be lost! If we hadnt gone to the theatre last night he would be alive today. If I hadnt invated Russia, perhaps I still would be Emperor.
The summary of all conditionals
Thank you!

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Projekt Anglisht

  • 1. The conditionals in the English language
  • 2. The zero conditional (always true) If X happens, Y happens. If you go , I come with you. When I was a child, if you didnt have money for something, you couldnt buy it. If you press the switch, the light comes on.
  • 3. OTHER EXAMPLES: IF YOU HEAT WATER, IT BOILS. IF YOU BOIL WATER, IT TURNS INTO STREAM. IF YOU COOL THE STEAM , IT TURNS BACK TO THE PRIMARY MODE. IF YOU HEAT A PIECE OF METAL, IT EXPANDS. IF YOU FREEZE A PIECE OF METAL, IT CONTRACTS. IF YOU FREEZE WATER, IT EXPANDS.
  • 5. IF
  • 6. EXAMPLES: IF EVERYONE RECYCLES PAPER, COMPANIES WONT CUT DOWN SO TREES. IF EVERYONE RECYCLES METAL AND GLASS, WE WONT WASTE VALUABLE RESOURCES. IF EVERYONE RECYCLES PAPER ,METAL AND GLASS , WE WONT PRODUCE SO MUCH RUBBISH. IF EVERYONE TURNS OFF UNWANTED LIGHTS, WE WILL SAVE A LOT OF ELECTRICITY. IF EVERYONE WALKS OR CYCLES, WE WONT WASTE SO MUCH OIL AND PETROL. IF COUNTRIES USE POWER STATIONS LESS , IT WILL CAUSE LESS AIR POLLUTION.
  • 7. UNLESS , IN CASE, PROVIDED, AS LONG AS. UNLESS AND IN CASE + PRESENT SIMPLE UNLESS MEANS :IF NOT. WE USE IT WHEN WE SAY THAT IF SOMETHING DOES NOT HAPPEN, SOMETHING ELSE WILL HAPPENT. EX. UNLESS WE DEAL WITH THE GLOBAL WARMING PROBLEM, AVERANGE TEMPERATURES WILL RISE. IN CASE DESCRIBES A POSSIBLE SITUATION WE WANT TO BE PERPARED FOR. EX. TAKE AN UMBRELLA IN CASE IT RAINS. TAKE A PAIR OF RUNNING SHOES IN CASE YOU NEED THEM. PROVIDED, AS LONG AS + PRESENT SIMPLE PROVIDED AND AS LONG AS MEAN ONLY IF. EX. PROVIDED WE REDUCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION, WE CAN SLOW DOWN GLOBAL WARMING. OR EX. AS LONG AS WE REDUCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION, WE CAN SLOW DOWN GLOBAL WARMING.
  • 9. Examples: What would happen if the Earth stopped turning? If the Earth didnt have a Moon, there wouldnt be any tides. If I were you, I wouldnt do that.
  • 10. Examples If you were a horse, you would see everything in black and white. If you looked inside your own eye at the images there, they would be upside down, and they would be moving. The worlds oceans contain huge amounts of salt. In fact , if you removed all the salt from the oceans , you would be able to use it to build a wall about 300 km wide and a km tall all around the Earth.
  • 11. If Id seen you, I would have said hello. If Alexander the Great had marched west instead of east, he would have conquered the whole of Europe. If more Vikings had gone to North America, the Viking settlements would have succeed. If Columbus had sailed east in 1492, he would have reached China or Japan.
  • 14. WISHES About the present: When we use wish to make a wish about the present present, we use the unreal past simple, as in an unreal conditional sentence. I wish I knew more about European history. Wishes about the past. When we use wish to make a wish about the past, we use the past perfect, as in an impossible past conditional sentence. I wish I had been present at the battle of Waterloo. Wishes with would We also use wish with would when we want someone to do something or not to do something. This is often because we think it is a bad habit. I wish you wouldnt keep staring at me! I wish Pete would phone. If only We can use if only to make a stronger kind of wish about the present or the past. If only I knew more about European history! If only I had studied harder!
  • 15. If X had happened, Y would be different. We often think about past events, and their effects on the present. If Chris hadnt gone to the hospital, he wouldnt be alive today. If I hadnt brought a map we would be lost! If we hadnt gone to the theatre last night he would be alive today. If I hadnt invated Russia, perhaps I still would be Emperor.
  • 16. The summary of all conditionals
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