Tune-up disini bertujuan untuk mengembalikan engine ke kondisi standarnya sehingga kondisi mesin menjadi stabil dan halus seperti baru kembali. Disini di jelaskan bagian-bagian mana yang akan di lakukan tune-up
This document discusses risk management. It defines risk management as identifying, monitoring, and limiting risks. Risks can come from accidents, natural causes, or deliberate attacks. Risk management is important in business to manage uncertainty and ensure compliance with policies. It is also important in the public sector to identify and mitigate risks to critical infrastructure. The document outlines traditional risk management programs and strategies like risk transfer, avoidance, reduction, and acceptance. It discusses establishing context, risk identification, assessment, potential treatments, creating risk management plans, and why plans need to be upgraded over time.
This document discusses various aspects of safety engineering including:
1. Safety engineering assures that life-critical systems function properly even when some components fail through techniques like failure mode and effects analysis.
2. System safety and reliability engineering analyzes complex safety-critical systems using methods like root cause analysis, visual inspections, and chemical/x-ray analysis.
3. Important safety measures include implementing standard protocols, training, instruction manuals, government regulations, and evaluating activities through specialists.
This document provides an overview of different printer technologies. It discusses the basic principles of laser printers and inkjet printers. Laser printers use static electricity to transfer toner powder to paper to create the printed image, while inkjet printers use thermal bubble or piezoelectric mechanisms to spray ink droplets. The document also describes various printer components like photoreceptors, toner, and fusers, and how they work together in the printing process.
The document discusses electronic fuel injection systems and their components. It explains the differences between throttle body, port, and central port injection systems. The objectives are to describe the operation of major EFI components like fuel injectors, control modules, sensors that provide input on engine operation, and operating modes like open loop, closed loop, and clear flood. It also summarizes different types of port fuel injection firing systems and gasoline direct injection features and components.
A gasoline direct injection system uses an electric fuel pump to pressurize fuel and spray it directly into engine cylinders. An electronic control unit controls the fuel injectors and monitors various sensors to precisely meter fuel delivery. A common rail distributes high-pressure fuel from the pump to the electronic injectors, which spray fuel into the combustion chambers when activated by the ECU. This allows for improved efficiency and engine performance compared to earlier fuel injection systems.
The document discusses different types of power steering systems used in vehicles. It describes hydraulic power steering systems which use a belt-driven pump to provide hydraulic pressure to assist steering. Electro-hydraulic systems use an electric motor instead of a belt to power the hydraulic pump. Electric power steering systems have sensors and a computer module that apply electric motor assist directly to the steering gear or column without hydraulics. The document also discusses Honda's electric power steering system used in the NSX which has precise control from an electric motor around the steering rack.
The document discusses fundamentals of mechatronics and nuclear fission reactor technology. It describes how a nuclear reactor works by sustaining a controlled nuclear chain reaction, unlike a nuclear bomb. It then covers various stages of the nuclear fuel cycle from mining and processing uranium to use in reactors, interim storage, and reprocessing. Finally, it discusses different types of nuclear reactors including generations I-IV and examples like molten salt reactors, sodium-cooled fast reactors, and lead-cooled fast reactors.
This document discusses electronic fuel injection systems used in vehicles. It describes how computers precisely control fuel injectors based on various engine parameters to meet emission standards. It outlines different EFI systems including throttle body injection, multi-port fuel injection, and centralized port injection. It details the components involved like fuel injectors, fuel rails, and pressure regulators that work together to deliver the optimal air-fuel ratio for all driving conditions.
The document summarizes the history and components of electronic fuel injection (EFI) systems. It discusses:
1) The development of fuel injection from the late 1880s to the introduction of the first commercial EFI system in 1957.
2) The main parts of EFI systems including fuel injectors, fuel pump, air flow meter, throttle body, and electronic control unit.
3) How the EFI system works by using engine sensors to monitor conditions and fuel injectors to precisely control the amount of fuel delivered based on information from the electronic control unit.
The document discusses the fundamentals of fax machines, including their history, key components, capabilities, and how they work. It describes how fax machines scan documents, compress the data, transmit it over phone lines, and print copies. Alternatives like internet faxing and wireless faxing are also mentioned. The document concludes by covering how to use fax machines, along with their advantages of fast delivery and disadvantages like needing space, a phone line, and paper.
The document discusses fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines. It describes the key components and functions of fuel injection systems. The systems work to accurately meter and inject fuel into the combustion chamber at precise timings and rates to achieve proper mixing and combustion. Common components include the fuel tank, feed pump, injection pump, injector nozzle, and governor. The injection pump pressurizes and meters the fuel supply, while the nozzle atomizes the fuel into fine droplets for rapid mixing in the chamber.
The document discusses cruise missiles, including their history, development, technology, and countermeasures. It provides descriptions of various cruise missile systems such as the Tomahawk, BrahMos, Nirbhy, and Babar Hatf-VII missiles. It also covers guidance systems, components, launch platforms, and comparison of cruise missile technologies between countries including the US, India, and Pakistan.
The document discusses fuel injection and ignition systems used in internal combustion engines. It describes how fuel injection works by forcibly pumping fuel through a nozzle, compared to carburetion which relies on air pressure. Common fuel injection types are multi-point and direct injection. Direct injection sprays fuel directly into combustion chambers, improving performance but increasing noise. Ignition can be via spark plugs or compression ignition. Digital twin spark plug ignition and digital twin spark swirl induction are also described. The technologies have improved engine efficiency while reducing emissions.
The document discusses electronic fuel injection systems and their components. It explains the differences between throttle body, port, and central port injection systems. The objectives are to describe the operation of major EFI components like fuel injectors, control modules, sensors that provide input on engine operation, and operating modes like open loop, closed loop, and clear flood. It also summarizes different types of port fuel injection firing systems and gasoline direct injection features and components.
A gasoline direct injection system uses an electric fuel pump to pressurize fuel and spray it directly into engine cylinders. An electronic control unit controls the fuel injectors and monitors various sensors to precisely meter fuel delivery. A common rail distributes high-pressure fuel from the pump to the electronic injectors, which spray fuel into the combustion chambers when activated by the ECU. This allows for improved efficiency and engine performance compared to earlier fuel injection systems.
The document discusses different types of power steering systems used in vehicles. It describes hydraulic power steering systems which use a belt-driven pump to provide hydraulic pressure to assist steering. Electro-hydraulic systems use an electric motor instead of a belt to power the hydraulic pump. Electric power steering systems have sensors and a computer module that apply electric motor assist directly to the steering gear or column without hydraulics. The document also discusses Honda's electric power steering system used in the NSX which has precise control from an electric motor around the steering rack.
The document discusses fundamentals of mechatronics and nuclear fission reactor technology. It describes how a nuclear reactor works by sustaining a controlled nuclear chain reaction, unlike a nuclear bomb. It then covers various stages of the nuclear fuel cycle from mining and processing uranium to use in reactors, interim storage, and reprocessing. Finally, it discusses different types of nuclear reactors including generations I-IV and examples like molten salt reactors, sodium-cooled fast reactors, and lead-cooled fast reactors.
This document discusses electronic fuel injection systems used in vehicles. It describes how computers precisely control fuel injectors based on various engine parameters to meet emission standards. It outlines different EFI systems including throttle body injection, multi-port fuel injection, and centralized port injection. It details the components involved like fuel injectors, fuel rails, and pressure regulators that work together to deliver the optimal air-fuel ratio for all driving conditions.
The document summarizes the history and components of electronic fuel injection (EFI) systems. It discusses:
1) The development of fuel injection from the late 1880s to the introduction of the first commercial EFI system in 1957.
2) The main parts of EFI systems including fuel injectors, fuel pump, air flow meter, throttle body, and electronic control unit.
3) How the EFI system works by using engine sensors to monitor conditions and fuel injectors to precisely control the amount of fuel delivered based on information from the electronic control unit.
The document discusses the fundamentals of fax machines, including their history, key components, capabilities, and how they work. It describes how fax machines scan documents, compress the data, transmit it over phone lines, and print copies. Alternatives like internet faxing and wireless faxing are also mentioned. The document concludes by covering how to use fax machines, along with their advantages of fast delivery and disadvantages like needing space, a phone line, and paper.
The document discusses fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines. It describes the key components and functions of fuel injection systems. The systems work to accurately meter and inject fuel into the combustion chamber at precise timings and rates to achieve proper mixing and combustion. Common components include the fuel tank, feed pump, injection pump, injector nozzle, and governor. The injection pump pressurizes and meters the fuel supply, while the nozzle atomizes the fuel into fine droplets for rapid mixing in the chamber.
The document discusses cruise missiles, including their history, development, technology, and countermeasures. It provides descriptions of various cruise missile systems such as the Tomahawk, BrahMos, Nirbhy, and Babar Hatf-VII missiles. It also covers guidance systems, components, launch platforms, and comparison of cruise missile technologies between countries including the US, India, and Pakistan.
The document discusses fuel injection and ignition systems used in internal combustion engines. It describes how fuel injection works by forcibly pumping fuel through a nozzle, compared to carburetion which relies on air pressure. Common fuel injection types are multi-point and direct injection. Direct injection sprays fuel directly into combustion chambers, improving performance but increasing noise. Ignition can be via spark plugs or compression ignition. Digital twin spark plug ignition and digital twin spark swirl induction are also described. The technologies have improved engine efficiency while reducing emissions.
3. VOLUME INJEKSIVOLUME INJEKSI
Volume injeksi:Volume injeksi:
39 49 cc tiap39 49 cc tiap
15 detik15 detik
PerbedaanPerbedaan
antar injectorantar injector
kurang dr 10 cckurang dr 10 cc