STATES OF MATTER.pptx
Download as PPTX, PDF
0 likes20 views
This document discusses the three states of matter - solids, liquids, and gases. It explains that all matter is composed of particles that exist in one of these three states depending on the amount of heat or energy present. A change between states, such as melting, freezing, boiling, condensation, and evaporation, occurs when heat is added to or removed from the matter. The kinetic molecular theory is also described, stating that particles in each state have different levels of energy and movement - solids vibrate in place, liquids have more energy and space between particles, and gases have the most energy and space between particles. Key differences between the three states are outlined based on this theory.
STATES OF MATTER.pptx
- 1. STATESOF MATTER Grade 10 Ms. K Maharaj
- 2. LOOKATTHE PICTURESA, B ANDC. IDENTIFY THESUBSTANCE AND DESCRIBE ITS STRUCTURE A B C
- 3. STATES OF MATTER STATES OF MATTER is defined as the physical forms that substances can exist in All matter is made up of particles and exists in 3 states, which is namely: solids, liquids and gases. The particles allow for matter to change its state as heat is added or removed from the matter CHANGE OF STATE Heating : solid liquid gas Cooling : gas liquid solid
- 5. Processes responsible for change in phase Melting is a process at which a solid changes its state to become a liquid Freezing is a process at which a liquid changes its state to become a solid Boiling is a process at which a liquid changes to a state of gas. Condensation is the process of going from a gas to liquid. Evaporation is the change of a liquid to a vapor at any temperature below the boiling point.
- 6. THE KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORYOF MATTER The kinetic theory of matter helps us to explain why matter exists in different phases (i.e. solid, liquid and gas), and how matter can change from one phase to another. Kinetic theory of matter says that all matter is composed of particles which have a certain amount of energy which allows them to move at different speeds depending on the temperature (energy). Thus, the Temperature Particles Energy There are spaces between the particles and also attractive forces between particles when they come close together KineticTheory of Matter
- 7. Differences between Solids, Liquids andGases Kinetic Theory of Matter Property of matter Solid Liquid Gas Particles Atoms or molecules Atoms or molecules Atoms or molecules Energy and movement of particles Low energy - particles vibrate around a fixed point. Particles have more energy than in the solid phase but less than in the gas phase. Particles have high energy and are constantly moving. Spaces between particles Very little space between particles. Particles are tightly packed together. Bigger spaces than in solids but smaller than in gases. Large spaces because of high energy. Attractive forces between particles. Very strong forces. Solids have a fixed volume. Weaker forces than in solids, but stronger forces than in gases. Weak forces because of the large distance between particles. Changes in phase. Solids become liquids or gases if their temperature is increased. A liquid becomes a gas if its temperature is increased. A liquid becomes a solid if its temperature decreases. In general a gas becomes a liquid or solid when it is cooled. Particles have less energy and therefore move closer together so that the attractive forces become stronger, and the gas becomes a liquid or a solid.
- 9. CLASS ACTIVITY Class activity on Socrative Link - https://b.socrative.com/login/student/ There are 8 questions, please complete all questions Total = 21 Marks You have 24 hours to complete the activity at home, due 05 October at 23:59pm Corrections and feedback will be done in the next lesson
- 10. THE END