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natural language processing machine translation morphology text mining nlp information retrieval machine learning pos tagging phonology spoken language processing • discourse information extraction linguistic resources semantic processing • phonology • semantic processing • lexical semantics • ontology • linguistic resources • pos tagging • machine translation lexical semantics • chunking/shallow parsing • parsing/grammatical formalisms • statistical and knowledge based methods ontology • information retrieval question answering • paraphrasing/entailment/generation discourse • text mining • dialog systems dialog systems • speech recognition and synthesis paraphrasing/entailment/generation • information extraction • question answering • spoken language processing statistical and knowledge based methods speech recognition and synthesis chunking/shallow parsing parsing/grammatical formalisms machine learning in nlp nlp-based chatbot natural language computing natural language processing (nlp) big data sentiment analysis speech recognition bert artificial intelligence data mining named entity recognition ner word embeddings semantic similarity text classification tfidf frequency ranking reciprocal rank fusion programming languages parsing speech processing accuracy chatbot hmm tamil natural language processing. machine transliteration natural language generation regular expression language model fine-tuning deep learning neural networks computational linguistics text summarization pre-trained language models named entity recognition (ner) myanmar sentences context free grammar database naive bayes theory function tagging computational morphology feature extraction dictionary of wordforms surprise effect linguistic complexity cryptography lexicon-based multilayer perceptron corpus tagset part-of-speech tagging language models sentence transformers setfit contrastive learning distillation intelligence compression myanmar language green ai green nlp chunking grammatical error correction semi-supervised learning word-sense disambiguation term-similarity analysis plda model topic detection dialogue system genetic algorithm part-of-speech tagger chatgpt gpt-3.5 gpt-4 large language models (llms) relevance evaluation prompt engineering passage ranking text-2-sql support verbs adverbial pps with a predicati semantic role extraction recognizing textual entailment legal term categories chinese word embedding legal word embedding small/medium llm intentions author identification statistical language parsing retrieval-augmented generation masked word task deep learning models speech segmentation re-punctuation automatic speech recognition automatic punctuation stylometry dialogue management dataset quality multiplicity dynamic graphs clustering streaming algorithms evaluation energy consumption arabic text processing rule-based pos part of speech tagging sequence learning chess hedge funds carbon footprint name entity recognition syllabification grammatical and semantic error information indexing ai algorithms soft computing information technology grammar romanian language artificial intelligence (ai) natural language processing (n automatic detection of semantic roles hidden markov model (hmm). comparable corpora sentences alignment neural network tree adjoining grammar (tag) l-tag (lexicalized tree adjoin cross information domain pseudo users association emotion prediction text-based group emotion-aware recommender system user behavioral analysis authorship attribution general versatility dynamic time warping dtw mahanalobis distance segmentation & alignment effectiveness data visualization hidden markov models word similarity feature selection methods emotion text mining canonical vs non-canonical software component interaction execution path tokenizer pre-trained model cosine threshold score sentence embeddings common path of understanding a social computing emotional design • machine learning in nlp code-switch speech. lid asr acoustics phonotactics language identification relation extraction bangla conflict score lexical analysis noisy pattern machine comprehension shallow parsing election prediction social network analysis indic languages twitter syntactic analysis text categorization tigrigna verb morphology morphological analyzer web search engines unl amt ian eugene unlization nlization f-measure nes speech transformation mfcc hnm dtw text classifier sense ambiguity word sense disambiguation social network texts dataset for terrorist attacks lemmatization tamil stemmer cyberbullying rule-based preprocessing token type ttr heaps’ function sample corpus appropriate size of corpus mongolian general corpus logarithms formal semantics vietnamese voice application glottis. artificial models human vocal tract speech signals verb chunks parser mlp classification skip –gram model performance metrics named entities browsing arabic language t-test google search engine indian languages text to speech system natural speech production singular value decomposition speech compression arabic web snippets speech generation speech signal suffix tree clustering greek virtual assistants virtual assistants hybrid approach rules setting character based analysis cognitive disorders and therapy neuronal network motor neurons. tweets khasi translated documents event detection simple sentence & syntax tibeto-burman garo ²¹Â··É±ð informatization roadmap language informatization adjacency matrix graph representation support vector machine pashto language medicines deep neural network mbert persian text text recognition survey nigeria benchmark semantic features vector model page rank algorithm evaluation measure important dates bidirectional lstm_crf corpus-based aspect-level food & beverage industry modern greek bilstm-crf support vector machine. winograd schema challenge natural language understanding finite state automaton interactive computation arabic morphological analyzer arabic pronominal system peircean semiotics residual network resume parsing local binary pattern bm25 dfr-bm25. empirical distribution glove embeddings language modelling bi-directional lstm networks autocorrelation knowledge named entity recognition online judge distributed word representation communications signalling product sales product preannouncement extraction of primitives vh2d approach multi-stream approach sliding window fake news cursive arabic lexicon based approach enguage logic theorem semantic analysis sentiwordnet box- ljung statistic syllable to word level nmt social network sarcasm sentiment bootstrapping text mining information extraction • information extraction • question answering • paraphrasing/entailment/generation • machine tra • parsing / grammatical formalisms movie synopsis igbo text mining. languages word segmentation wsd. attention-based nmt • paraphrasing / entailment / generation • nlp for language documentation and preservation • nlp for educational purposes africa • nlp for digital humanities conversation modelling • chunking / shallow parsing tamil tool part-of-speech word level rules rule based approach myanmar word stemmer neural architectures legal text. sequence labelling conditional random fields kolmogorov goodness –of- fit test and smirnov test manipuri language mt neural architecture meitei mayek script formalism handwritten character recognition statistical machine translation english language bodo language low resource language syllablebased bilingual corpus parallel corpora k nearest neighbor decision tree random forest logistic regression gaussian naive bayes multinomial naïve bayes unigram vector space similarity measurement quantum cognition algorithm and encoding amazigh language less-resourced languages green computing graph convolution networks noisy label robustness small-loss selection distance similarity measures text stemming preprocessing image segmentation steganography adaptive neural network natural language canonical non-canonical sentence structu deep learning model word embedding bangla language processing mathematics statistics election politics exploration data analysis location data data analysis distributed word represent moral understanding further pre-training consumer-patient graph convolution network parsbertl recurrent neural network convolutional neural network consumer-patients product warnings supervised learning supervised learning. training tables disambiguation recommendation systems online newspapers natural language processing query mysql paraphrasing/entailment/genera speech recognition and synthes innovation tree adjoining grammar l-tag training tables &corpus word task document parser heterogeneous data warrant generation model and multi-agent word embedding benchmar gikuyu language data-driven approach aco finite elements language distance writing proficiency mathematical linguistics l3 acquisition mean dependency distance temporal information processin annotation schemes timeml stemming urdu stemmer marathi stemmer requirements traceability semantic rank software engineering & swarms hidden markov model (hmm) page ranking algorithms weighted page rank tense classification sentiment analysis. information statistical and knowledge base transfer learning personality mcq cbte humour detection embeddings paraphrase entailments meaning extraction social media convolutional lstm natural language computin fuzzy logic parallel processing natural language preprocessing medicine intake aid system clustering algorithm interpreting quality anguage mode data machine pattern extraction characterization of fictional characters affective computing context-aware pseudo association recommender systems orthography devanagari hindi marathi syllable phonetic ancient manuscripts arabic text recognition system arabic text analysis arabic text generation. automatic summarizer text to graph converter myanmar script myanmar word sorting. semi-supervised pattern based bootstrapping explainable artificial intelligence (xai) ontology graph gpt-2 regex user input dinka non-word correction prototype question-answering semantic answer similarity exact match cross-encoder bi-encoder semantic textual similarity automated data labelling semantic web datamining generative adversarial networ iot symmetry equivalence regulating terms quantitatively qualitatively subword units linguistic speech patterns word segmentation. morphological analysis hiragana texts bi-lstm crf model domain adaptation transliteration framework phonetic typing english to bangla hybrid framework tht learning problems computerscience informationtechnology compiler design computer education language processing language pattern recognition parameter extraction word embedding benchmark web low-resource languages