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Enterobius vermicularis

Hebrew university
Hebrew university

Enterobius vermicularis is more common in families and institutions like orphanages and schools than the general population because it spreads easily in crowded, unsanitary conditions where personal hygiene is poor. The pinworm lays its eggs around the anus, most often at night, and the eggs can spread through contaminated hands, clothes, bedding or other objects. Transmission is facilitated by close contact between infected and uninfected individuals in crowded living environments.

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Why is enterobius vermicularis more common in families and asylum than population at large? PRESENTED BY: KOMAKECH RICHARD REG; 8/U/2468/MEP
Introduction Enterobius vermicularis is a nematode worm commonly known as pinworm. Formerly, called oxyuris vermicularis This because it has sharp & pointed posterior end(like pin), or may be also due to pinpricks sensation experienced by infected people. Inhabits human large intestine Causing the disease known as Enterobiasis.
Classification Order: Oxyurida Super family: Oxyuroidea Family: Oxyuridae Genus: Enterobius Species: E.vermicularis
Species Numerous pin-worm species have been described from a range of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects and millipedes, but they appear to be highly host-specific. Curiously, dogs and cats dont get infected.
Enterobiasis is known as a group infection and take place in large families and in institutions including orphanages, boarding schools, mental homes and hospitals. Eggs are immediately contaminative and transmission usually occurs indoors.
Morphology (the worm) Shape: round Colour: white Size: Females: 8 to 13 mm long males: 2 to 5mm long posterior end: Tapered in females curved in males anterior part(cervical alae): found in both male and female worms Cervical alae: is a wing like cuticle expansion in the anterior part of male and female worms
How man become infected? Human becomes infected by ingestion of infective eggs (contain larva) The larvae hatch in the small intestine Migrate to the large intestine Where they develop to adults (male & females) After 1 month the females become gravid The worm do not lay eggs in the intestinal lumen They lay eggs in perianal skin (skin around the anus)
The worms migrates out the colon and lays eggs around the anus at usually night. Each worm lay about 10,000-11,000 eggs The eggs can spread every where and become infective in 4 to 6 hours
Life cycle
Types of infection occur in entrobiasis Infection Occur when healthy person ingest the infective eggs from environment. Re- infection (self infection) A person can re-infect themselves from their own( by ingestion of infective eggs ) Retro-infection: This occur when eggs mature and larvae hatch in anal area, this larva can migrate back to the large intestine through the anus, where they grow into mature worms. (larvae are the infective stages)
Reasons for high rate of enterobius vermicularis infection in families and asylum than population at large Eating without washing hands Playing on the ground where worms deposit large numbers of eggs. The worms lay the eggs of intestine (anal area), where it can spread to environment easily.
Overcrowding Keeping long nails and biting the nails The eggs can remain infective for up to 2 weeks The eggs have a surface that adheres to environmental objects. Poor personal hygiene. Younger children (two to six years of age) are more likely to be infected than older children.
Diagnosis Best sample to diagnose entrobiasis is Swab from perianal area. Best time for swab: early morning before going to toilet Diagnostic stages: Eggs & adults worm
Suitable diagnostic technique: Scotch tape technique Anal swab
Anal swab
Prevention & control Washing hands with soap & water (after using toilet, Before eat) Trimming nails regularly & avoid biting the nails Avoid scratching anal area. Showering every morning and washing the anal area( to remove the eggs) Do not co-path with infected people Cleansing bathroom & toilet
Treatment Several medications used for the treatment of pinworm are: Mebendazole Albendazole All these drugs are to be given in single dose and then repeated 2 weeks later.

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Enterobius vermicularis

  • 1. Why is enterobius vermicularis more common in families and asylum than population at large? PRESENTED BY: KOMAKECH RICHARD REG; 8/U/2468/MEP
  • 2. Introduction Enterobius vermicularis is a nematode worm commonly known as pinworm. Formerly, called oxyuris vermicularis This because it has sharp & pointed posterior end(like pin), or may be also due to pinpricks sensation experienced by infected people. Inhabits human large intestine Causing the disease known as Enterobiasis.
  • 3. Classification Order: Oxyurida Super family: Oxyuroidea Family: Oxyuridae Genus: Enterobius Species: E.vermicularis
  • 4. Species Numerous pin-worm species have been described from a range of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects and millipedes, but they appear to be highly host-specific. Curiously, dogs and cats dont get infected.
  • 5. Enterobiasis is known as a group infection and take place in large families and in institutions including orphanages, boarding schools, mental homes and hospitals. Eggs are immediately contaminative and transmission usually occurs indoors.
  • 6. Morphology (the worm) Shape: round Colour: white Size: Females: 8 to 13 mm long males: 2 to 5mm long posterior end: Tapered in females curved in males anterior part(cervical alae): found in both male and female worms Cervical alae: is a wing like cuticle expansion in the anterior part of male and female worms
  • 7. How man become infected? Human becomes infected by ingestion of infective eggs (contain larva) The larvae hatch in the small intestine Migrate to the large intestine Where they develop to adults (male & females) After 1 month the females become gravid The worm do not lay eggs in the intestinal lumen They lay eggs in perianal skin (skin around the anus)
  • 8. The worms migrates out the colon and lays eggs around the anus at usually night. Each worm lay about 10,000-11,000 eggs The eggs can spread every where and become infective in 4 to 6 hours
  • 10. Types of infection occur in entrobiasis Infection Occur when healthy person ingest the infective eggs from environment. Re- infection (self infection) A person can re-infect themselves from their own( by ingestion of infective eggs ) Retro-infection: This occur when eggs mature and larvae hatch in anal area, this larva can migrate back to the large intestine through the anus, where they grow into mature worms. (larvae are the infective stages)
  • 11. Reasons for high rate of enterobius vermicularis infection in families and asylum than population at large Eating without washing hands Playing on the ground where worms deposit large numbers of eggs. The worms lay the eggs of intestine (anal area), where it can spread to environment easily.
  • 12. Overcrowding Keeping long nails and biting the nails The eggs can remain infective for up to 2 weeks The eggs have a surface that adheres to environmental objects. Poor personal hygiene. Younger children (two to six years of age) are more likely to be infected than older children.
  • 13. Diagnosis Best sample to diagnose entrobiasis is Swab from perianal area. Best time for swab: early morning before going to toilet Diagnostic stages: Eggs & adults worm
  • 14. Suitable diagnostic technique: Scotch tape technique Anal swab
  • 16. Prevention & control Washing hands with soap & water (after using toilet, Before eat) Trimming nails regularly & avoid biting the nails Avoid scratching anal area. Showering every morning and washing the anal area( to remove the eggs) Do not co-path with infected people Cleansing bathroom & toilet
  • 17. Treatment Several medications used for the treatment of pinworm are: Mebendazole Albendazole All these drugs are to be given in single dose and then repeated 2 weeks later.