�ݺ�ߣ

PB
fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu msKsihs 69
fuu mdvu yeoEÍfuka Tng"
² wka;¾cd,fha fufyhqu
² wka;¾cd,fha fiajd
² f;dr;=re fiùu
² taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlh
² IP ,smsk
² jiï kduh
² jiï kdu fiajdodhlh
² kshudj,s
² úoHq;a ;emE,
² ùäfhda iïuka;%K
² iudÔh cd,
ms<sn| wjfndaOhla ,nd .ekSug yels jkq we;'
3'1'1 wka;¾cd,h
wka;¾cd,h hkq f,dj mqrd msysá
mß.Kl cd,j, tl;=jls' f,dal m%cdj iu.
f;dr;=re ikaksfõokh lr .ekSug we;s
fõ.j;a u ud¾.h ^Information super highway&
wka;¾cd,hhs' wka;¾cd,h Ndú;h;a iu. u wo
uq¿ f,dalh u úYaj .ïudkhla ^Global village&
njg m;a j we;' iqúYd, fufyjrla bgq lrk
wka;¾cd,hg ;ks ysñlrejl= fkdue;s w;r fï jk úg wka;¾cd, iudch ^The
Internet Society& kï jQ wdodhï fkd,nk ixúOdkhla u.sska wka;¾cd,h Ndú;h
ms<sn| m%;sm;a;s o wka;¾cd,fha l%shdldß;ajh mj;ajd f.k hkq ,nk kshudj,s
^Protocol& ms<sn| j o lghq;= lrhs' Tnf.a mß.Klfhka wka;¾cd,hg iïnkaO jQ
úg tu mß.Klh o wka;¾cd,hg wh;a mß.Klhla fõ' túg Tng wjYH ´kE u
úIh lafIa;%hlg wod< f;dr;=re wka;¾cd,h Tiafia ,nd .ekSug yelshdj we;'
3
wka;¾cd,h yd úoHq;a ;emE,

fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu msKsihs
70
3'1'2 URL hkq l=ula o
wmf.a oekqu j¾Okh lr .ekSug wjYH jk f;dr;=re b;d jeo.;a
iïm;ls' f;dr;=re ,nd .; yels ud¾. w;ßka f,dj mj;sk iqmsß u ud¾.h jkafka
wka;¾cd,hhs' fuu f;dr;=re wka;¾cd,fha we;s mß.Kl w;r iïfm%aIKh
lsÍug HTTP(HypertextTransfer Protocol) kï jQ kshudj,sh fhdod .efka' tfuka
u w;súYd, f;dr;=re iïNdrhla wka;¾cd,h ;=< wvx.= fõ' tu f;dr;=re imhk
m%Odk fiajdj f,dal jHdma; úhuk (World Wide Web - WWW) fõ' fuh f,dal
úisß úhuk f,i o ye¢kafõ' tneúka f,dal jHdma; úhuk ;=< fjí wvúj,
f;dr;=re wvx.= j we;' fufia fjí wvú ;=< mj;sk úúO iïm;a wkkH j y÷kd
.ekSug fhdod .kakd l%uh jkafka taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlh fõ' (Uniform
Resource Locator - URL)
taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlhl (URL) we;s fldgia y÷kd .ksuqq'
ksoiqkla f,i my; oelafjk taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlh i,luq'
http(//www.edupub.gov.lk/e-books/english/ict.pdf
fuys wvx.= fldgia rEmh 3'1 wdldrhg fjka lr oelafjhs'
http://www.edupub.gov.lk/e-books/english/ict.pdf
kshudj,sh
(hypertext transfer
protocol)
fiajdj
(World Wide Web)
iïm;a mj;sk ia:dkh
(path where the
resource is located)
jiï kduh
(domain name)
iïm;a f.dkqj
(resource)
p
p p p
rEmh 3'1 - tAldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlhl fldgia
igyk ( taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlhl http kshudj,sfha isg jiï kduh olajd
mej;Su wksjd¾h fõ'
wOHdmk lafIa;%hg iïnkaO URL w;ßka lsysmhla my; oelafõ'
http(//www.edupub.gov.lk - wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
http(//www.moe.gov.lk - wOHdmk wud;HdxYh
http(//www.nie.lk - cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
http(//www.doenets.lk - Y%S ,xld úNd. fomd¾;fïka;=j

PB
3'1'3 IP ,smsk hkq fudkjd o
wka;¾cd,fha we;s iEu mß.Klhla u wkkH j y÷kd .ekSug IP(Internet
Protocol) ,smsk Ndú; flf¾' fuu IP ,smskh oYu ;sf;ka fjka lrk ,o 0 isg
255 olajd jQ w.hka y;rla u.ska olajkq ,efí ^rEmh 3'2&' fuu wxlkh —Dotted
Decimal Notation˜ f,i ye¢kafõ'
WodyrK 172'64'85'42
193'213'78'154
rEmh 3'2 - wka;¾cd,fha we;s mß.Kl y÷kd.ekSug IP ,smsk Ndú;h
fuu IP ,smsk ,nd fokq ,nkafka wka;¾cd, fiajd imhkakl= ^Internet
Service Provider-ISP& úisks' —wka;¾cd, fiajd imhkakd˜ hkq fjf<|
iud.ula jk w;r tu.ska wka;¾cd, yd úoHq;a ;eme,a myiqlï imhd fohs' fï
i|yd tu iud.u úiska wod< f.ùï wh lrkq ,efí'
3'1'4 jiï kduh (Domain name)
by; olajk ,o taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlfhys
edupub.gov.lk hk jiï kduh i,luq' fuys gov
u.ska rdcH ^government& iy lk u.ska lanka - Y%S
,xldj ksfhdackh flf¾' ta wkqj gov jiug miqj
fhfok lk jiu by< jiï kduh fõ' ta wdldrfhka
wka;¾cd,h ;=< mj;sk iEu fjí wvúhl u
wkkH;dj jiï kduh u.ska ,nd fohs'

72
jiu wh;a lafIa;%h ksrEmKh lsÍu i|yd my; kdu Ndú; flf¾'
jiu (Domain) w¾:h
com jd‚cuh
org wdodhï rys; ixúOdk
gov rdcH
edu wOHdmk
net cd,.;
jiu wh;a rg ksfhdackh lsÍu i|yd my; kdu fhdod .efka' ^country domains&
jiu (Domain) rg
lk Y%S ,xldj
in bkaÈhdj
au ´iafÜ%,shdj
jp cmdkh
uk tlai;a rdcOdksh
us tlai;a ckmoh
jiï kduhl ol=Kq mi fl<jf¾ u mj;sk jiu" by< uÜgfï jiu ^Top
Level Domain& f,i y÷kajkq ,efí'
WodyrK
URL jiï kduh by< uÜgfï jiu
http://www.google.com google.com com
http://www.edupub.gov.lk edupub.gov.lk lk
http://www.nie.lk/pages/syllabus.asp nie.lk lk
http://www.unicode.org/consortium/
consort.html
unicode.org org
3'1'5 wka;¾cd,fha fufyhqu isÿ jk wdldrh
mß.Kl fuka fkdj ñksiqkag iudk ixLHd úYd, m%udKhla isys ;nd
.ekSu wmyiq h' kuq;a Tjqkag mqoa.,hkaf.a kï u;l ;nd .ekSu Bg jvd myiq
jk w;r tu.ska jerÈ isÿùug we;s wjia:d o wvq h' wka;¾cd,fhys § yqÿ ixLHd
muKla Tng olakg fkd,efnkafka tA fya;=j ksid h' fjí wvúhla ±l .ekSu
ms‚i Tn Tfí n%jqirhg taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlhla (URL) m%fõY lsÍfï §
Tfí wheÿu m%:ufhka lshúh yels ,sÅ; ,smskhl isg IP ,smskhlg mßj¾;kh
l< hq;= h' fuu mßj¾;kh lsÍu jiï kdu fiajdÞhlh (Domain Name System)
fyj;a DNS u.ska lrkq ,efí'

PB
Tn lsis hï fjí wvúhlg iïnkaO ùu i|yd tys ,smskh fjí w;ßlaiqj
(Browser) g we;=<;a l< miq ^WÞyrKhla f,i www.yahoo.com i,luq'& we;a;
jYfhka u isÿjkafka Tn we;=<;a l< fjí wvú ,smskhg wkqrEm ksjerÈ IP
,smskhg mßj¾;kh lsÍu i|yd 209'191'122'70 hk ienE DNS i¾jrhg b,a,Sula
heùu h' tu IP ,smskfhka" Tn B<Õg wÞ< fjí wvúhg ienE iïnkaOhla f.dv
k.d fohs ^rEmh 3'3&' fuh ;srh msgqmi isÿjk l%shdjla jk w;r th idudkHfhka
tjekakla isÿ fj;s hs Tng fkd±fkk ;rï blaukska isÿ jkakls'
Web
server
DNS
server
OS
1 mßYS,l fjí w;ßlaiqj
újD; lr úYaj iïm;a
ksYapdhlh (URL)
we;=<;a lsÍu
fjí w;ßlaiqj URL
tl DNS i¾jrhg
fhduq lrhs
6 fjí w;ßlaiqj u.ska
HTML fjí msgqj
o¾Ykh lrhs
5 fjí fiajdÞhlhd u.ska
HTML o;a; m%jdyhla
wdmiq ,nd fohs
4
IP ,smskh
we;s fjí
i¾jrhg
b,a,Su fhduq
lrhs
3 DNS i¾jrh
u.ska URL ys
±lafjk kug
wÞ< IP ,smskhg
mßj¾;kh lrhs
2
rEmh 3'3 - wka;¾cd,fha fufyhqï isÿ lrk wdldrh
lsisÿ ysñlrejl= fkdue;s wka;¾cd,h fufyhjkq ,nkafka kshudj,s
^Protocol& u.sks' kshudj,shla hkq mß.Kl cd, ;=< l%shd;aul kS;s moaO;shls'
wka;¾cd,fha l%shd;aul jk kshudj,sj,ska lsysmhla my; oelafõ'

74
HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol
TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
FTP - File Transfer Protocol
SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
ICMP- Internet Control Message Protocol
kshudj,sh Ndú;h
HTTP HTML f,aLk yqjudrej
TCP/IP IP ,smsk yqjudrej md,kh lsÍu
FTP f.dkq yqjudrej
SMTP úoHq;a ;eme,a yqjudrej
ICMP fodaI we;s wjia:dj, m‚úv oekaùu yd m‚úv md,kh
wka;¾cd,h mq¿,a fmfoia cd,hla ^WAN-Wide Area Network& jk w;r
fiajd,dNS iy fiajdodhl ^Client Server Model& wdlD;shla u; ks¾udKh lr
we;' ta wkqj wka;¾cd,fha we;s ish¨ u mß.Kl fiajd,dNS fyda fiajdodhl hk
foj¾.fhka tla j¾.hlg wh;a fõ' ^rEmh 3'4&
rEmh 3'4 - wka;¾cd,fha fiajd,dNS iy fiajdÞhl wdlD;sh
fiajdodhl mß.Kl (Server) fiajd fhdað; mß.Kl f,i o y÷kajkq
,nhs' fuu.ska fiajd,dNS ^Client& mß.Kl fj; wjYH iïm;a fnod fokq ,nhs'
fiajdodhl mß.Klj, we;s f;dr;=re fiajd,dNS mß.Kl fj;
,nd .ekSu —nd.; lsÍu˜ ^Download& f,i y÷kajkq ,efí'
fiajd,dNS mß.Klj, we;s f;dr;=re fiajdodhl mß.Kl fj;
,nd§u —Wvq.; lsÍu˜ ^Upload& f,i y÷kajkq ,efí'
ta wkqj fiajdodhl yd fiajd,dNS mß.Kl w;r f;dr;=re foÈYdjg u
yqjudre fõ'

PB
wka;¾cd, fiajdodhl mß.Kl lsysmhla y÷kd .ksuq'
Web Server - fjí msgq ;ekam;a lr ;nd .ekSu yd fiajd,dNS mß.Kl fj; ,nd
§u
Mail Server - úoHqq;a ;eme,a ;ekam;a lr ;nd .ekSu yd fiajd,dNS mß.Kl fj;
,nd §u
DNS Server - URL, IP ,smsk njg mßj¾;kh lsÍu
3'1'6 wka;¾cd,fha ld¾hhka
wka;¾cd,h fhdodf.k ,nd .; yels fiajdjka /ila mj;shs' bka lsysmhla
my; ±lafõ'
1' f,dal jHdma; úhuk ^World Wide Web - WWW&
2' úoHqq;a ;emE, ^Electronic Mail - E-Mail&
3' f.dkq yqjudre kshudj,sh ^File Transfer Protocol&
4' ÿria: msúiqu ^RemoteAccess&
5' f.dkq fnod .ekSu ^File Sharing&
6' nyqudOH iemhqu ^Streaming of media&
7' fijqï hka;% ^Search Engines&
3'1'7 f,dal jHdma; úhuk ^World Wide Web - WWW&
f,dal jHdma; úhuk hkq wka;¾cd,fhka
imhk fiajdjla jk w;r wka;¾cd,hg iïnkaO
f,dj mqrd we;s mß.Klj, .nvd lr we;s úoHq;a
f,aLkj, úYd, tl;=jls'
wwwys ks¾ud;D f,i i¾ áï n¾k¾ia ,S
^Sir Tim Berners Lee& i,lkq ,efí' www Ndú;
lrkakdg fjí w;ßlaiqjla ^Web Browser& yryd
fjí wvúj,g msúiSfï yelshdj we;'
fjí w;ßlaiqjla hkq fhÿï uDÿldx.hla
fõ' fjí w;ßlaiq i|yd WodyrK lsysmhla rEmh
3'5 ys olajd we;'
rEmh 3'5 - fjí w;ßlaiq
fjí wvúhla fjí msgq lsysmhlska iukaú;
fõ' fjí msgqjla ;=< ,sÅ; igyka" mska;+r" ùäfhda
iy wfkl=;a nyqudOH iy wêikaOdk ^Hyperlink&
we;=<;a lr we;' wêikaOdk Ndú;fhka fjí
wvúh ;=< myiqfjka ießieÍug yelshdj we;'
fjí wvúhlg msúiSu i|yd fjí w;ßlaiqfõ
,smsk ;Srefõ taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlh ^fjí

76
wvú ,smskh& ghsma lr —Enter˜ h;=r l%shd;aul l< hq;= h' fjí wvúh ms<sn| uQ,sl
úia;r we;=<;a msgqj —Home Page˜ f,i ye¢kafõ' tys we;=<;a j we;s wêikaOdk
Tiafia fjí wvúfha wfkl=;a msgq fj; msúish yels h'
ksoiqkla f,i Y%S ,xld úNd. fomd¾;fïka;=fõ ks, fjí wvúh i,luq ^rEmh
3'6&'
,smsk
;Srej
wêikaOdk
Home
page
rEmh 3'6 - Y%S ,xld úNd. fomd¾;fïka;=fõ ks, fjí wvúh
3'1'8 f.dkq yqjudre kshudj,sh (File Transfer Protocol - FTP)
úoHq;a ;eme,a m‚úv heùfï § l=vd m%udKfha
f.dkq tA iu. weuqKqula f,i heùug yels fõ'
tfy;a" úYd, m%udKfha f.dkq úoHq;a ;eme,a m‚úv
iu. weuqKqula f,i heúh fkdyel' tneúka úYd,
m%udKfha f.dkq wka;¾cd,fha mß.Kl w;r yqjudre
lsÍu i|yd FTP Ndú; flf¾' úfYaIfhka fiajd,dNS mß.Klhl we;s f.dkq
wka;¾cd,hg uqod yeÍug;a ^Upload Files& wka;¾cd,fha fiajdodhl mß.Klj,ska
f.dkq ,nd .ekSug;a ^Download Files& Ndú; fõ' ^rEmh 3'7&
rEmh 3'7 - f.dkq yqjudre moaO;sh
FTP úOdk
FTP ms<s;=re
o;a;
iïnkaO;dj
FTP fiajd,dNs mß.Klh FTP fiajdodhl mß.Klh

PB
3'1'9 ¥ria: msúiqu ^Remote access&
rEmh 3'8 - ¥ria: msúiqu
wka;¾cd,fha we;s mß.Klhla ¥ria: j isg md,kh yd yeisrùu ¥ria:
msúiqu u.ska isÿflf¾ ^rEmh 3'8&' wka;¾cd,hg msúiSfuka miq j ¥ria: msúiqu
u.sska isÿ l< yels ld¾hhka i|yd ksoiqka lsysmhla my; oelafõ'
1' fiajdodhl mß.Klj, we;s uDÿldx. fiajd,dNS mß.Kl fj; ia:dmkh lsÍu
2' fiajd,dNS mß.Klj, we;s fodaI ksrdlrKh yd kshdukh
we;eï úg mßYS,lf.a wkqoekqulska f;dr j fjk;a mßYS,lhl= úiska
mß.Kl .; jeo.;a o;a; yd f;dr;=re fidrd .ekSu ¥ria: msúiqfï § isÿúh yels
h' ^fuh —hacking˜ f,i ye¢kafõ'&
3'1'10 f.dkq fnod .ekSu ^File Sharing&
mß.Kl cd,.; lsÍfï m%Odk wruqKla jkafka
iïm;a yjqf,a Ndú; lsÍuhs' fiajdodhl mß.Klhl
we;s iïm;a fiajd,dNS mß.Kl w;f¾ yjqf,a Ndú;
lsÍu f.dkq fnod .ekSu f,i ye¢kafõ' ta wkqj
wka;¾cd,h ;=< we;s úúO f.dkq j¾. yjqf,a Ndú;
lsÍu ksr;=re j u isÿfõ'
m%Odk ld¾hd,h

78
ksoiqka
1' ud¾..; j úNd. m%;sM, n,k úg tu f.dkqj úYd, fiajdodhlhka m%udKhla
tl jr Ndú;h
2' fjí wvúhla fj; mßYS,lhska oyia .Kkla tl jr iïnkaO ùu'
3'1'11 nyqudOH iemhqu ^Streaming of media&
m%Odk nyqudOH iemhqï l%shdj,sh
mßYs,l fjí msgqjla
weiqfrka ;udg weiSug
fyda keröug leu;s
nyqudOH f.dkqjla
fidhd .kS'
fjí fiajdÞhl mß.Klh
mßYS,l úiska b,a,Sï lrk
,o úfYaIs; f.dkqj ms<sn|
mKsúvh nyqudOH fiajdÞhl
mß.Klh fj; fhduq lrhs'
mßYS,l úiska b,a¨ï
lrk ,o f.dkqj fjí
fiajdÞhl mß.Klhg
fkdhjd fl<ska u
fiajd,dNS mß.Klh
fj; fhduq lrhs'
fjí fiajdÞhl mß.Klh
4 fiajd,dNS mß.Klfha
we;s uDÿldx. u.ska tu
f.dkqj weiSug fyda
keröug i,iajhs'
nyqudOH fiajdÞhl mß.Klh
rEmh 3'9 - nyqudOH iemhqï l%shdj,sh
mdG" Y%jH iy oDYH hk ish¨ wdldrfha nyqudOH iys; f;dr;=re mß.Kl
w;r yqjudre lsÍug wka;¾cd,h ukd msájy,la imhhs' ^rEmh 3'9&
Wod - wkA;¾cd,fhka .S; iy ùäfhda oiqka keröu

PB
3'1'12 fijqï hka;% ^Search Engines&
wka;¾cd,fha we;s f;dr;=re úYd, jYfhka
fjí wvúj, wka;¾.; fõ' tu f;dr;=re ,nd
.ekSug tu fjí wvú fj; msúish hq;= h' ta i|yd
fjí wvúfha ,smskh ^URL& oek isáh hq;= h' tfy;a
fuh m%dfhda.sl j b;d wiSre ld¾hhla jkafka
wka;¾cd,h ;=< mj;sk wiSñ; fjí wvú m%udKh
ksid h'
wka;¾cd, mßYS,lhkag myiqfjka wjYH ´kE u f;dr;=rla fidhd
.ekSug fijqï hka;% ksmojd we;' fijqï hka;%fha fijqï fldgqj ;=< fiùug
wjYH f;dr;=re we;=<;a uQ,mo i|yka lr fijqï fnd;a;u l%shd;aul l< úg
wjYH f;dr;=re we;=<;a fjí wvú úYd, ixLHdjla wêikaOdk iys; j ,efí' tu
wêikaOdkj,ska wjYH tlla fyda lsysmhla l%shd;aul lr f;dr;=re ,nd .; yels
h' nyq, j Ndú; flfrk fijqï hka;% i|yd WodyrK lsysmhla my; oelafõ'
http://www.google.com fyda http://www.google.lk
http://www.yahoo.com
http://www.ask.com
http://www.msn.com
3'1'13 jiï kdu fiajdodhlh ^Domain Name Server&
rEmh 3'10 - jiï kdu fiajdÞhlh u.ska jiï kdu IP ,smsk njg m;a lsÍu
fjí wvúhla wkkH j y÷kd .ekSu i|yd jiï kduh Ndú; flfrhs'
fuh mßYS,lhkag u;l ;nd .ekSu ;rula ÿrg myiq lrhs' tfy;a wka;¾cd,fha
we;s mß.Klhla wkkH j y÷kd .ekSu i|yd IP ,smskh Ndú; flfrhs' jiï
kdu fiajdodhlh u.ska isÿ flfrkafka jiï kduh IP ,smskh njg mßj¾;kh
lr §uhs' ^rEmh 3'10&

80
3'2 ikaksfõokh i|yd wka;¾cd,h Ndú;h
3'2'1 úoHq;a ;emE,
mqoa.,hka fofofkl= fyda iuQyhla fyda w;r úoHq;a l%uhg ,sms yd ,sms
f.dkq f,i m‚jqv yqjudre lsÍu úoHq;a ;emE, u.ska isÿfõ' fuu fiajh fkdñf,aa
wka;¾cd,h yryd imhk wdh;k nyq, j we;' fï i|yd jeh jkafka wka;¾cd,
.dia;=j mu‚' fuh f,dj we;s b;d ,dNodhS yd fõ.j;a u ikaksfõok l%uhhs'
^rEmh 3'11&
úoHq;a ;eme,a
m‚úvh heùu wka;¾cd,h
úoHq;a m‚úvh
,nd .ekSu
;eme,a
fiajdÞhlh
;eme,a
fiajdÞhlh
fm!oa.,sl
mß.Klh
rEmh 3'11 - úoHq;a ;emE, u.ska ,sms yd ,smsf.dkq yqjudrej
f,dj ´kE u mqoa.,hl= wka;¾cd,h yryd úoHq;a ;eme,a .sKqula idod.;a
úg th wka;¾cd,h ;=< wkkH;dj i|yd Ndú; l< yels h'
úoHq;aa ;eme,a ,smskhl we;s ,laIK y÷kd .ekSu i|yd Y%S ,xld úNd.
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smskh i,luq' fuys exams hkq mßYS,l kduh
jk w;r doenets.lk hkq jiï kduh fõ' @ ixfla;h u.sska mßYS,l kduh yd
jiï kduh fjka lr olajkq ,efí'
exams@doenets.lk
mßYS,l kduh
(User name)
jiï kduh
(Domain name)
p p
úoHq;aa ;eme,a m‚úv hjkakdg fuka u ,nkakdg o úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smskhla
wksjd¾hfhka u ;sìh hq;= h' úoHq;a ;emE, Ndú;hg fmr úoHq;a ;eme,a .sKqula
idod .; hq;= h' fï i|yd wka;¾cd,fha úoHq;a ;eme,a fiajdj iys; fjí wvú
u.ska fkdñ,fha myiqlï imhhs'

PB
úoHq;a ;eme,a .sKqulg úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smskh
(e-mail address) iy uqrmohla (password) mej;Su
wksjd¾h fõ' úoHq;a ;eme,a heùug fyda ,eî we;s úoHq;a
;eme,a n,d .ekSug úoHq;a ;eme,a .sKqu újD; l< hq;=
h' fï i|yd mßYS,l kduh iy uqrmoh ksjerÈ j
we;=<;a lr Sign in u; la,sla l< hq;= h'
úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smshla heùu
úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smshla heùu my; wdldrhg isÿ l< yels h' ^rEmh 3'12&
Dear All,
Please see the attachment for my results.
Shani
Subject OL results released
To sasikala7@gmail.com
Cc bpdasun@yahoo.com
Bcc monali@sltnet.lk
weuqKqu (Attachment)
rEmh 3'12 - úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smshla heùu
² To hk ia:dkfha ,nkakdf.a úoHqq;a ;eme,a ,smskh i|yka lrkak.
(sasikala7@gmail.com)
² Cc(Carbon copy) hk ia:dkfha fuu
úoHq;a ;eme,a m‚úvfha msgm;a heúh
hq;= whf.a úoHqq;a ;eme,a ,smskh i|yka
lrkak' (bpdasun@yahoo.com)
² Bcc (Blind carbon copy) fuu úoHq;a
,smsh ,efnk To iy Cc hgf;a i|yka
whg fkdoefkk f,i heúh hq;= whf.a úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smskh Bcc hk ia:dkfha
i|yka lrkak' (monali@sltnet.lk)

82
² Bcc msgm; ,nkakdg (monali@sltnet.lk) fuu úoHqq;a ,smsh hjk ,o ish¨
fokdf.a u úoHqq;a ;eme,a ,smsk o¾Ykh fõ' (sasikala7@gmail.com iy
bpdasun@yahoo.com). To iy Cc hgf;a i|yka whg (sasikala7@gmail.
com iy bpdasun@yahoo.com) Bcc msgm; ,o whf.a úoHqq;a ;eme,a ,smskh
(monali@sltnet.lk) o¾Ykh fkdfõ'
² Subject hk ia:dkfha úoHqq;a ;eme,a ,smshg wod< ud;Dldj fyda wod< úIh fyda
i|yka lrkak' (O/L results released)
² Attachment weuqKqï lgqjla olajk ia:dkh u; la,sla lr úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smsh
iu. heúh hq;= fjk;a úoHq;a f.dkqjla fyda f.dkq fyda iïnkaO lrkak'
(Results.jpg)
² Send hk ia:dkh u; la,sla lr úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smsh hjkak'
úoHq;a ;eme,a .sKqula ;=< Ndú;fha myiqj i|yd my; mßÈ ,sms j¾. lr we;'
² Inbox - ,efnk ,sms ;ekam;a lsÍug
² Drafts - heùug ilia l< kuq;a iïmQ¾K lr .; fkdyels jQ ,sms ;ekam;a
lsÍug
² Sent - hjk ,o ,sms ;ekam;a lsÍug
² Trash/Deleted - uldouk ,o ,sms hï ld,hla r|jd ;nd .ekSug
² Spam/Junk - wdhdÑ; ^wkjYH& ,sms r|jd .ekSug
wmg ,efnk wkjYH úoHq;a ,sms Inbox g ndOdjla fkdjk f,i fjk u
f.dkqjl mj;S' tAjd wdhdÑ; ,sms f,i ye¢kafõ'
Inbox Spam
rEmh 3'13 - wdhdÑ; ;emE,

PB
3'2'2 laI‚l m‚úv heùu (Instant Messaging - IM)
rEmh 3'14 - laI‚l m‚úv heùu
rEmh 3'15 - kùk laI‚l m‚úv heùfï hdka;%K
wka;¾cd,h yryd
fofokl= w;r fm!oa.,sl j
ir, flá mdG fhdod .ksñka
iefKlska woyia yqjudre lr
.ekSu laI‚l m‚úv heùu
u.sska isÿ fõ' ^rEmh 3'14&
3'2'3 ùäfhda iïuka;%K (Vedio conferencing)
ùäfhda iïuka;%Khla hkq ÿria ia:dkj,
isák fofofkla fyda jeä msßila fyda w;r Y%jH
yd oDYH o;a; iïfm%aIKh lrñka mß.Kl cd,
weiqfrka ixjdohla meje;aùu fõ'

84
ùäfhda iïuka;%Khla meje;aùu i|yd imqrd,sh hq;= wjYH;d
² mß.Kl
² fjí leurd
² wka;¾cd, iïnkaO;dj
² ikaksfõok uDÿldx. ^Y%jH oDYH myiqlï iys;&
3'2'4 iudÔh cd,
iudÔh cd, hkq mqoa.,hka wka;¾cd,h Tiafia
iudc in|;d mj;ajdf.k hEfï l%ufõohls'
fuu iudc cd, yryd ;u fm!oa.,sl f;dr;=re"
PdhdrEm" ùäfhda yd tÈfkod lghq;= ms<sn| f;dr;=re
yqjudre lr .efka' fuys m%;sM,hla f,i iudc iïnkaO;d
mq¿,a jkakd fia u fkdfhl=;a iudc wlghq;=lï o isÿfõ'
iudÔh cd, i|yd ksoiqka lsysmhla my; oelafõ'
http://www.facebook.com
http://www.twitter.com
http://www.youtube.com
KWWSZZZÀLFNUFRP
http://www.pinterest.com
http://www.secondlife.com
3'2'5 j,dl=¿ mß.Kl ixl,amh (Cloud Computing)
fm!oa.,sl mß.Kl we;=¿ ish¨ mß.Kl cd,
iy cx.u fuj,ï ^mobile devices ish,a,;a /yeka rys;
wka;¾cd, iïnkaO;d Tiafia taldnoaO j wjYH ´kE u
fudfyd;l ´kE u ;ekl isg f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSug yd
;ekam;a lsÍug myiqlï i,ik l%uh j,dl=¿ mß.Kl
ixl,amh f,i ye¢kafõ'
j,dl=¿ mß.Klh u.ska bgq flfrk m%Odk fiajd
² há;, myiqlï fiajdjla f,i ^Infrastructure as a Service-IaaS
² ixj¾Ok mßir fiajdjla f,i ^Platform as a Service-PaaS
² uDÿldx. fiajdjla f,i (Software as a Service)-SaaS

PB
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
fuu.sska mß.Klj, w;:H mßirhla f.dvk.d fiajdodhl mß.Klj,
iydh ;=ska o;a; .nvd lsÍug wjYH wjldYh ,nd§u iy ia:dmkh lr we;s
úYd, o;a; uOHia:dk yryd úúO iïm;a ,nd §u isÿflf¾'
WÞ - ;ukag u fiajdÞhl mß.Klhla .sks mjqrla fkd;snqK o j,dl=¿ mß.Kl
fiajd u.ska fiajdÞhl mß.Kl (Server space) iy .sks mjqre myiqlï Ndú;
l yels h'
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
fuu fiajh uQ,sl j u uDÿldx. ixj¾Okh iy uDÿldx. Odjkh i|yd
wjYH mßirhla ,nd §fï wruq‚ka l%shd;aul fõ' fufyhqï moaO;sh mß.Kl
NdId mßirh o;a; iuqodh iy fjí fiajdÞhl mß.Kl hk myiqlï ish,a,
fiajd,dNshdyg fuu.ska ,nd .; yels h'
WÞ - fufyhqï moaO;sh (Operating system), iïmdol (Compilers) hkdÈh Tnf.a
mß.Klfha ia:dmkh lr fkd;snqK o j,dl=¿ mß.Kl fiajd ;= uDÿldx.
ksIamdokh isÿ l yels h'
Software as a Service (SaaS)
fiajd,dNshdg wjYH fhÿï uDÿldx. ia:dmkh fkdlr j,dl= fkdfyd;a
wka;¾cd,h ;= ia:dmkh lr we;s uDÿldx. Ndú; lsÍug myiqlï i,ihs'
tys § úfYaIfhka uDÿldx. ixj¾Olhkag uDÿldx. ksmoùug wjYH oDVdx.
iy ixj¾Ol uDÿldx. ñ, § .ekSfï § iy lukdlrKfha § oeÍug isÿ jk
msßjeh iy ixlS¾K;ajh úYd, jYfhka wvq lr .; yels h'
WÞ - 10 fY%a‚fha § Tn yeoErE joka ieliSfï uDÿldx. úoHq;a me;=reï uDÿldx.
wdÈh Android Wml%uj, Ndú; jkafka Bg wÞ uDÿldx. ia:dmkh lsÍfuka
fkdj fjí w;ßlaiqjla yryd h'
² uDÿldx. i|yd hk úhou wvqùu
² ld¾h idOkh jeä ÈhqKq ùu
² kv;a;= .eg¨ wju ùu
² uDÿldx. laI‚l j hdj;ald,Sk lsÍï
² fkdlvjd mj;sk wka;¾cd, myiqlï
wjYH ùu
² wvq fõ. iïnkaO;d j,§ l%shdldß;ajh
wvqùu
jdis
wjdis
jdl=¿ mß.Kl Ndú;fha jdis wjdis

86
ls%hdldrlu
1' A yd B j, .efmk whs;u B;, u.ska hd lrkak'
A ;Srej B ;Srej
úoHqq;a ;eme,a ,smskh doenets.lk
jiï kduh 172.92.83.106
taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlh somasiri@gmail.com
IP ,smskh http(//www.nie.lk/syallabus/ol/ict.pdf
A;Srej B ;Srej
fjí w;ßlaiqj jiï kdu IP ,smsk njg yrjhs
wka;¾cd,fha fiajdjls' Google
jiï kdu fiajdodhlh (DNS) Mozilla Firefox
fijqï hka;%hls' f,dal jHdma; úhuk (WWW)
² taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlh ^URL u.ska fjí wvú ;= mj;sk iïm;a wkkH
j y÷kd .ekSug yels fõ'
² wka;¾cd,fha we;s iEu mß.Klhla u wkkH j y÷kd .ekSug IP ,smsk
Ndú; flf¾'
² fjí wvúhla wkkH j y÷kd .ekSu i|yd jiï kduh ^Domain name Ndú;
lrhs'
² jiï kdu fiajdodhlh u.ska jiï kduh IP ,smsk njg mßj¾;kh lrkq
,efí'
² wka;¾cd,fha fufyhqï lghq;= kshudj,s ^Protocol u.ska isÿ flf¾'
² f,dal úisß úhuk ^WWW iy úoHq;a ;emE, ^E-mail wka;¾cd,fhka
iemfhk m%Odk fiajd folls'
² fjí msgq o¾Ykh lsÍug fjí w;ßlaiq ^Web browser Ndú; flf¾'
² wka;¾cd,fhka f;dr;=re fiùug fijqï hka;% ^Search engine Ndú;
flf¾'
² úoHq;a ;emE, hkq fõ.j;a u iy ,dNodhS u ikaksfõok l%uhhs'
² úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smskhla o wkkH fõ'
² laI‚l m‚jqv ùäfhda iïuka;%K iy iudÔh cd, o ikaksfõokh i|yd
fhdod .efka'
idrdxYh

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