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Biodiesel Production from Oil: Transesterification (ChemCAD)

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Mayank Mehta
Mayank Mehta

Biodiesel Production from Oil: Transesterification A ChemCAD design with input and output compositions of the process

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BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM OILS: TRANSESTRIFICATION The three basic methods of ester production from oils/fats are 1) Base catalyzed Transesterification 2) Acid catalyzed Esterification 3) Enzymatic catalysis Each reaction has associated optimal operating parameters T & P and conversion, although much of the available literature emphasizes the base catalyzed route because it is claimed to be the most economical. The reaction progresses in three reversible steps: 1) the triglyceride reacts with the alcohol to form a diglyceride and a fatty acid ester 2) The diglyceride reacts with the alcohol to form a monoglyceride and a fatty acid ester 3) the monoglyceride reacts with the alcohol to form glycerin and a fatty acid ester. Prepared by: MAYANK MEHTA DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING MNIT Jaipur Product Composition3 Stream No. 101 103 1 8 Name Alchohol catalyst Oil Methanol Recycle Mass Flow Rate, kg/hr 117.20 10.00 1050.00 111.65 Temperature ,0c 25.00 25.00 25.00 28.51 Pressure ,kpa 100.00 100.00 400.00 400.00 Component mass % Methyl Oleate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Glycerol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Methanol 100.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 Calcium Oxide 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Calcium Sulfate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Phosphoric Acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 TriNa Phosphate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Triacylgycerol 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 FAME 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sulfuric Acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Water 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sodium Hydroxide 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 Stream No. 27 21 30 24 32 Name Vent FAME MeOH and Water Glycerol Na2PO4 --Overall-- Mass Flow Rate, kg/hr 25.94 990.0 0 18.47 104.09 133.50 Temperature ,0c 214.2 7 214.2 7 33.78 112.00 60.00 Pressure ,kpa 10.00 10.00 40.00 50.00 100.00 Component mass % Methyl Oleate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Glycerol 0.00 0.00 0.07 99.66 0.00 Methanol 7.18 0.00 37.15 0.12 0.00 Calcium Oxide 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Calcium Sulfate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Phosphoric Acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 89.77 TriNa Phosphate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.23 Triacylgycero 0.45 0.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 FAME 78.27 99.12 0.01 0.00 0.00 Sulfuric Acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Water 14.10 0.00 62.77 0.22 0.00 Sodium Hydroxide 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oil to Biodiesel Reaction2 Based on the assay of any particular starting oil/fat, there will be an associated assay of fatty acid esters in the final biodiesel product. The type of alcohol used determines the type of esters formed (for example, if Methanol or Ethanol are used, then Methyl- or Ethyl- esters areformed).. Feed Composition1

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Biodiesel Production from Oil: Transesterification (ChemCAD)

  • 1. BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM OILS: TRANSESTRIFICATION The three basic methods of ester production from oils/fats are 1) Base catalyzed Transesterification 2) Acid catalyzed Esterification 3) Enzymatic catalysis Each reaction has associated optimal operating parameters T & P and conversion, although much of the available literature emphasizes the base catalyzed route because it is claimed to be the most economical. The reaction progresses in three reversible steps: 1) the triglyceride reacts with the alcohol to form a diglyceride and a fatty acid ester 2) The diglyceride reacts with the alcohol to form a monoglyceride and a fatty acid ester 3) the monoglyceride reacts with the alcohol to form glycerin and a fatty acid ester. Prepared by: MAYANK MEHTA DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING MNIT Jaipur Product Composition3 Stream No. 101 103 1 8 Name Alchohol catalyst Oil Methanol Recycle Mass Flow Rate, kg/hr 117.20 10.00 1050.00 111.65 Temperature ,0c 25.00 25.00 25.00 28.51 Pressure ,kpa 100.00 100.00 400.00 400.00 Component mass % Methyl Oleate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Glycerol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Methanol 100.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 Calcium Oxide 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Calcium Sulfate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Phosphoric Acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 TriNa Phosphate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Triacylgycerol 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 FAME 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sulfuric Acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Water 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sodium Hydroxide 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 Stream No. 27 21 30 24 32 Name Vent FAME MeOH and Water Glycerol Na2PO4 --Overall-- Mass Flow Rate, kg/hr 25.94 990.0 0 18.47 104.09 133.50 Temperature ,0c 214.2 7 214.2 7 33.78 112.00 60.00 Pressure ,kpa 10.00 10.00 40.00 50.00 100.00 Component mass % Methyl Oleate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Glycerol 0.00 0.00 0.07 99.66 0.00 Methanol 7.18 0.00 37.15 0.12 0.00 Calcium Oxide 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Calcium Sulfate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Phosphoric Acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 89.77 TriNa Phosphate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.23 Triacylgycero 0.45 0.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 FAME 78.27 99.12 0.01 0.00 0.00 Sulfuric Acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Water 14.10 0.00 62.77 0.22 0.00 Sodium Hydroxide 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oil to Biodiesel Reaction2 Based on the assay of any particular starting oil/fat, there will be an associated assay of fatty acid esters in the final biodiesel product. The type of alcohol used determines the type of esters formed (for example, if Methanol or Ethanol are used, then Methyl- or Ethyl- esters areformed).. Feed Composition1