The document discusses the principles of eventual consistency applied in web app development, particularly through the use of 'swarm', a JavaScript object sync library that enables real-time collaboration. It details the functionality of causal trees technology for version control in Citrea's collaborative rich text editor and emphasizes the importance of lightweight algorithms for practical implementation. Additionally, it introduces CRDTs (Conflict-free Replicated Data Types) that ensure concurrent operations can be merged without complex concurrency control.