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Wikipedia's
Rhetorical
Situation
How to convince WP that
your content belongs...
Rhetorical Situation
                            Before making any rhetorical
               Audience     choices, you should consider the
                            rhetorical situation.


                            Let's start with the audience....




      Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                            Who is the audience of Wikipedia?
               Audience




      Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                            Who is the audience of Wikipedia?
               Audience     EVERYONE!




      Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                            Who is the audience of Wikipedia?
               Audience     EVERYONE!

                            But let's describe the audience in
                            more detail.




      Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world.

                            That's huge. Humans speak English
                            on every continent. Even in countries
                            where English is not the dominant
                            language, many people speak
                            English. For this audience, you have
                            to think super global.




      Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world.

                            That's huge. Humans speak English
                            on every continent. Even in countries
                            where English is not the dominant
                            language, many people speak
                            English. For this audience, you have
                            to think super global.

                            Your readers could be in every
                            nation on Earth, belong to almost
                            any religion, and be of any age old
                            and young.



      Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around the
               Audience     world.

                            Think about how this may change your writing.
                            Can you write this sentence: "The Constitution
                            established freedom of speech as an inalienable
                            right."
                            What is wrong with this? Well, what
                            constitution? In America, we talk about the
                            constitution, the church, the president, congress
                            as if the American versions are the only ones in
                            the world. When writing with a globally diverse
                            audience, you cannot assume that your
                            audience will share much of the 'common
                            knowledge' that we share as fellow Americans.




      Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                            information.

                            Your readers go to Wikipedia to
                            learn information about a topic.
                            Some will want a very brief
                            introduction. Those people will just
                            read the first few paragraphs. Some
                            readers will want more in-depth
                            knowledge. Those readers will keep
                            reading through the body of the
                            article. Those readers may also keep
                            researching by looking at your
                            references


      Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                            information.

                            Ok, that's a good start. Let's talk
                            about the text.




      Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                            information.




                                    What is the text? Wikipedia.
                                    Let's talk about text as both a
                                    medium and a genre.

      Author              Text      First, how is the medium of
                                    Wikipedia unique?
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                            information.




                                    Text: Medium, Online.


                                    Because the medium is online,
      Author              Text      we know that Wikipedia is not
                                    limited like print publications.
                                    Wikipedia can grow and grow
                                    without worrying about space.
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                            information.




                                    Text: Medium, Online.
                                    Collaborative,

                                    Wikipedia is the encyclopedia that
      Author              Text      anyone can edit. The articles
                                    change on a daily basis. After you
                                    finish this project, future editors
                                    will change your contribution.
                                    That's how WP improves.
                                    Constant change!
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                            information.




                                    Text: Medium, Online.
                                    Collaborative, Multimedia,

                                    Wikipedia articles include text,
      Author              Text      images, and even video.
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                            information.




                                    Text: Medium, Online.
                                    Collaborative, Multimedia,
                                    Hyperlinking.

      Author              Text      Finally, Wikipedia articles link to
                                    other articles. Have you ever gone
                                    to WP for information on one topic
                                    and then clicked through links for
                                    way more time than you planned?
                                    I know I have! That's a virtue in
                                    Wikipedia.
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                            information.




                                    Text: Medium, Online.
                                    Collaborative, Multimedia,
                                    Hyperlinking. Genre:
                                    Encyclopedia.
      Author              Text      Encyclopedias are not considered
                                    scholarship. They do not make
                                    original arguments.
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                            information.




                                    Text: Medium, Online.
                                    Collaborative, Multimedia,
                                    Hyperlinking. Genre:
                                    Encyclopedia.
      Author              Text      Encyclopedias summarize existing
                                    knowledge. They collect notable
                                    information. Readers go to
                                    encyclopedias to gain a broad
                                    understanding of a topic.
Rhetorical Situation
                            Audience: English speakers around
               Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                            information.




                                    Text: Medium, Online.
                                    Collaborative, Multimedia,
                                    Hyperlinking. Genre:
                                    Encyclopedia.
      Author              Text      Ok, that's a good start on the
                                    medium. Think about how you the
                                    medium may change your writing
                                    style. On to author...
Rhetorical Situation
                                         Audience: English speakers around
                            Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                                         information.



Who is the author of
Wikipedia?

You are!


                                                 Text: Medium, Online.
                                                 Collaborative, Multimedia,
                                                 Hyperlinking. Genre:
                                                 Encyclopedia.
                   Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                                          Audience: English speakers around
                             Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                                          information.



Who is the author of
Wikipedia?

You are!

No... not really.
                                                  Text: Medium, Online.
                                                  Collaborative, Multimedia,
                                                  Hyperlinking. Genre:
                                                  Encyclopedia.
                    Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                                          Audience: English speakers around
                             Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                                          information.



Who is the author of
Wikipedia?

The word author means the
originator or creator. You
are not creating anything
new. Instead, you are
                                                  Text: Medium, Online.
summarizing and
                                                  Collaborative, Multimedia,
paraphrasing existing
                                                  Hyperlinking. Genre:
knowledge.
                                                  Encyclopedia.
                   Author               Text
Rhetorical Situation
                                            Audience: English speakers around
                               Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                                            information.



Who is the author of
Wikipedia?

Also, your work is not the
final version of the
Wikipedia article. Other
editors will revise, remove,
                                                    Text: Medium, Online.
and expand your
                                                    Collaborative, Multimedia,
contributions.
                                                    Hyperlinking. Genre:
                                                    Encyclopedia.
                     Author               Text
Rhetorical Situation
                                           Audience: English speakers around
                              Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                                           information.



Who is the author of
Wikipedia?

You are not the author of
Wikipedia; you are an
editor of Wikipedia. Who,
then, is the author of this
                                                   Text: Medium, Online.
rhetorical situation?
                                                   Collaborative, Multimedia,
                                                   Hyperlinking. Genre:
                                                   Encyclopedia.
                     Author              Text
Rhetorical Situation
                                           Audience: English speakers around
                              Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                                           information.



Author: Generic Wikipedia
Editor.

You need to adopt the
persona of a generic editor
of Wikipedia.
                                                   Text: Medium, Online.
                                                   Collaborative, Multimedia,
                                                   Hyperlinking. Genre:
                                                   Encyclopedia.
                    Author               Text
Rhetorical Situation
                                           Audience: English speakers around
                              Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                                           information.



Author: Generic Wikipedia
Editor.

You need to learn about
Wikipedia conventions so
that your contributions are
cohesive with every other
                                                   Text: Medium, Online.
Wikipedia editor's
                                                   Collaborative, Multimedia,
contributions.
                                                   Hyperlinking. Genre:
                                                   Encyclopedia.
                    Author               Text
Rhetorical Situation
                                                  Audience: English speakers around
Author: Generic Wikipedia
Editor.
                                     Audience     the world. Seeking reliable
                                                  information.
Why is this important? Think
about how each of us has a
unique voice. We have to train
and discover our voice as
writers. In WP, you need to
train your voice to blend with the
voices of Wikipedia. This is not
an individualistic project.
Instead, the best editors are the
editors who create the most                               Text: Medium, Online.
cohesion across Wikipedia.                                Collaborative, Multimedia,
                                                          Hyperlinking. Genre:
                                                          Encyclopedia.
                     Author                     Text

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  • 8. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around the Audience world. Think about how this may change your writing. Can you write this sentence: "The Constitution established freedom of speech as an inalienable right." What is wrong with this? Well, what constitution? In America, we talk about the constitution, the church, the president, congress as if the American versions are the only ones in the world. When writing with a globally diverse audience, you cannot assume that your audience will share much of the 'common knowledge' that we share as fellow Americans. Author Text
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  • 13. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Text: Medium, Online. Collaborative, Wikipedia is the encyclopedia that Author Text anyone can edit. The articles change on a daily basis. After you finish this project, future editors will change your contribution. That's how WP improves. Constant change!
  • 14. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Text: Medium, Online. Collaborative, Multimedia, Wikipedia articles include text, Author Text images, and even video.
  • 15. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Text: Medium, Online. Collaborative, Multimedia, Hyperlinking. Author Text Finally, Wikipedia articles link to other articles. Have you ever gone to WP for information on one topic and then clicked through links for way more time than you planned? I know I have! That's a virtue in Wikipedia.
  • 16. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Text: Medium, Online. Collaborative, Multimedia, Hyperlinking. Genre: Encyclopedia. Author Text Encyclopedias are not considered scholarship. They do not make original arguments.
  • 17. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Text: Medium, Online. Collaborative, Multimedia, Hyperlinking. Genre: Encyclopedia. Author Text Encyclopedias summarize existing knowledge. They collect notable information. Readers go to encyclopedias to gain a broad understanding of a topic.
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  • 19. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Who is the author of Wikipedia? You are! Text: Medium, Online. Collaborative, Multimedia, Hyperlinking. Genre: Encyclopedia. Author Text
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  • 21. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Who is the author of Wikipedia? The word author means the originator or creator. You are not creating anything new. Instead, you are Text: Medium, Online. summarizing and Collaborative, Multimedia, paraphrasing existing Hyperlinking. Genre: knowledge. Encyclopedia. Author Text
  • 22. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Who is the author of Wikipedia? Also, your work is not the final version of the Wikipedia article. Other editors will revise, remove, Text: Medium, Online. and expand your Collaborative, Multimedia, contributions. Hyperlinking. Genre: Encyclopedia. Author Text
  • 23. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Who is the author of Wikipedia? You are not the author of Wikipedia; you are an editor of Wikipedia. Who, then, is the author of this Text: Medium, Online. rhetorical situation? Collaborative, Multimedia, Hyperlinking. Genre: Encyclopedia. Author Text
  • 24. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Author: Generic Wikipedia Editor. You need to adopt the persona of a generic editor of Wikipedia. Text: Medium, Online. Collaborative, Multimedia, Hyperlinking. Genre: Encyclopedia. Author Text
  • 25. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Author: Generic Wikipedia Editor. You need to learn about Wikipedia conventions so that your contributions are cohesive with every other Text: Medium, Online. Wikipedia editor's Collaborative, Multimedia, contributions. Hyperlinking. Genre: Encyclopedia. Author Text
  • 26. Rhetorical Situation Audience: English speakers around Author: Generic Wikipedia Editor. Audience the world. Seeking reliable information. Why is this important? Think about how each of us has a unique voice. We have to train and discover our voice as writers. In WP, you need to train your voice to blend with the voices of Wikipedia. This is not an individualistic project. Instead, the best editors are the editors who create the most Text: Medium, Online. cohesion across Wikipedia. Collaborative, Multimedia, Hyperlinking. Genre: Encyclopedia. Author Text