Carbon and its allotropes
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Carbon exists in different allotropes including diamond and graphite. Diamond and graphite have very different physical properties despite being made of the same element carbon. This is because the arrangement of carbon atoms differs between the two allotropes, with diamond having the carbon atoms arranged in a tightly bound 3D structure while graphite has the carbon atoms arranged in stacked planar sheets.
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Carbon and its allotropes
- 2. CARBON  Carbon belongs to the group IV of the periodic table.  It has four electrons in its outermost orbit, so its valency is four.  Carbon is a non-metal.
- 3. ALLOTROPES OF CARBON  In nature, pure carbon occur in two forms-  Diamond  Graphite
- 4. WHAT ARE ALLOTROPES ?  The various physical forms in which element can exist are called allotropes of that element.  Diamond and Graphite – two allotropes of carbon differ in their physical properties.
- 5. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIAMOND AND GRAPHITE Property Diamond Graphite Appearance Transparent Black, Shiny Hardness Very Hard Soft, slippery to touch Thermal Very poor moderate Conductivity Electrical Poor Good conductor Conductivity Uses Jewellery, drilling Dry cell, electric arc, lubricant, pencil lead
- 6. WHY THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIAMOND AND GRAPHITE ARE SO DIFFERENT?  Due to the difference in the arrangement of carbon atoms in diamond and graphite
- 7. Buckminsterfullerene Its structure is much like a football.