Creative Economy Boot Camp; Amman, Jordan
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Jordan, Amman; first Creative Business Modeling. OASIS500/HIVOS January 2015. Vivid Creative Industries in the Middle East.
Creative Economy Boot Camp; Amman, Jordan
- 1. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015
- 2. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Day IV 1 Its all about money, stupid! Rene Kooyman OASIS 500 Boot Camp Amman
- 3. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Defining target groups: the sociological imagination Individual and collective behaviour: Durkheim Western society: social inequalities, class structures Basic dimensions for inequality
- 4. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Class structure USA Social class stratifies people according to income, prestige, and power It intersects with stratification by gender, by race, education and by ethnicity
- 5. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Intertwining effects
- 6. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Type of Explanation of Inequality Structure Functionalism (Durkheim and others) Conflict (Marx and others)Culture (Weber and others) Individualist (Common idea) Explanation of Inequality Objectivists Subjectivists
- 7. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Economical/Cultural Capital Economical Capital Cultural Capital High Low High Old money: Aristocracy, Wealthy families Teachers, Students, Journalists, Artists Low New money: ICT, Telecom, Energy Comp Unskilled working class Unemployed
- 8. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Class, Lifestyle and Power Pierre Bourdieu: Existence of Social class is a basic social fact We live in a high stratified class society continuously, based on economic capital and cultural capital Habitus (plural: habitus): Components: ways of thinking / ways of acting bodily habits tastes: likes and dislikes Whole way of life / lifestyle: each space takes his/her habitus as THE legitimate one Society based on Distinction; being different
- 9. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Cultural Capital Economic Capital Cultural bourgeoisie High Intermediate e.g. artists, academics Business bourgeoisie Intermediate High e.g. company directors Upper professionals Intermediate to high Intermediate to high e.g. lawyers, higher civil servants Lower middle class Intermediate to low Intermediate to low e.g. primary school teachers, nurses Working class Skilled Low to intermediate Low to intermediate Unskilled Low Low
- 10. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Cultural inequalities: distinction High and low culture; real art / popular culture professional and amateur art Cultural dimensions: Local and global culture Cultural, Social & Economic Capital: Economic capital: command over economic resources (cash, assets) Social capital: resources based on group membership, relationships, networks Cultural capital: forms of knowledge; skill; education; any advantages a person has which give them a higher status in society, including high expectations
- 11. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Positioning You? Cultural Capital Economical CapitalSocial Capital
- 12. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Why are artists poor? Descriptives Vocation: willingness to accept low income At the same time mental support of society No link quality/price? Aesthetic value = social value Government encourages experts' = interference in the market Ideology: Artist = unselfish
- 13. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Six explanations 1. Personal gratification, recognition and status more important than money 2. Artists poorly informed about incomes needed 3. Government Grants deliver more Artists, not a higher income 4. Artists rely on other sources of income 5. Cuts in labor (higher productivity) not taken place in the arts 6. Myth of the individualistic Artist prevents organized pressure groups (trade unions)
- 14. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Intellectual Property Copyrights: Copyright is the exclusive right granted by statute to the author of the works to reproduce dramatic, artistic, literary or musical work or to authorize its reproduction by others (globally regulated; TRIPS/WIPO) Trademarks: Trademark means any symbol, logo, or name used to enable the public to identify the supplier of goods. Trademarks can be registered, which gives the holder the exclusive right to use them. Manufacturers, distributors, or importers may register them. They can be sold and are an important form of commercial property.
- 15. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Moral argument: every man has a property in his own person (Locke); the natural right Economists view: 1. intellectual property rights and patents create income 2. artificial scarcity through a monopoly on various products restricted output and higher prices Libertarian view: anything that one produces, with their own hands and/or with their own capital in collaboration with their creative mind, is their exclusive property. But once ready to be sold subject to the free market competition, unhampered by claims of intellectual property rights.
- 16. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 IPR Criticism IPR it should be rejected altogether, because it systematically distorts and confuses the market, its use is promoted by those who gain from it. Analogy with physical objects fails; physical property is generally rivalrous, while intellectual works are nonrivalrous (if one makes a copy of a work, the enjoyment of the copy does not prevent enjoyment of the original) Fundamental tension: It hampers human rights of cultural participation and scientific benefits article 27 Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interest resulting from any scientific, literacy or artistic production of which he is the author and that Everyone has the right ...... to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
- 17. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Moving ahead. Digitization and globalization Understanding Creative Commons A tool for Creators, Content Sharing, Publishers Standardized way to keep their copyright simple Provides various kind of License http://creativecommons.org
- 18. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Choices Simple questions when choosing a license: Do I want to allow commercial use or not? Do I want to allow derivative works or not? If Derivs; make that new work available under the same license terms; ShareAlike
- 19. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Licenses Attribution CC BY ; lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the original creation; maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials. Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA ; lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit you and license their new creations under the identical terms. Attribution-NoDerivs CC BY-ND ; allows for redistribution, commercial and non- commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to you.
- 20. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 What can I afford to lose? Time Long Term Savings Windfalls Liquidated assets Home equity Loans from Friends and Family Credit card status
- 21. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Banks and investors Banks are in the business for money Trends: Liberalization, deregulation, technology (virtual money: Internet, online banking, transparency) Internationalization: sharing risks and opportunities
- 22. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 How to raise money? Personal networks (private and professional) and qualities External capital: Banks and Funds Private capital/equity (shares), friends and family Investors: securities, trust! Subsidies Mind: Gap investments / profits Risks: start-up / established initiatives
- 23. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Minimum: break even Calculate your annual income: minimum / modal Overhead: social security, health insurance, pension schemes Entrepreneurial costs/overhead: Material costs The office/venue Equipment Office infrastructure ICT, heating, electricity, etc. Financing costs; short / long term
- 24. Cultural and Creative Industries Training Jan 25th 2015 Thats how money is made ! Its all about money, stupid! Annual income??
Editor's Notes
- #7: Bourdieu: de tweedeling tussen enerzijds subjectivisten, die de maatschappij beschouwen als het resultaat van de denken en handelen van individuele actoren, en anderzijds objectivisten, die het denken en handelen van individuele actoren beschouwen als het resultaat van maatschappelijke structu足ren. Het centrale concept waarmee de Franse socioloog deze tweedeling te lijf gaat, is habitus: de mentale structuur die individuen tijdens hun groei van zuigeling tot volwassene in een bepaalde sociale omgeving ontwikkelen, de manier waarop zij geneigd zijn de wereld waar te nemen, te waarderen en daarbin足nen te handelen. Omdat de habitus binnen een bepaalde sociale omgeving wordt gevormd, zullen individuen met een overeen足komstige sociale achtergrond niet alleen een vergelijkbare habitus ontwikke足len; zij zullen ook geneigd zijn de hen omringende werkelijkheid en hun plaats daarbinnen als vanzelf足sprekend te aanvaarden en daarmee de wijze waarop die wereld in elkaar zit, met alle bijbehorende sociale verschillen, in hun denken, oordelen en handelen te reproduceren.