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牛肉等级
牛肉等级
美國牛肉等级
? 共分為八級,台灣只進口prime及choice二 級,簡介其分法如
下:
? 1. prime(極佳級):18個月牛隻,大理石般油花,入口即化,含
有油脂味,16盎司(約448公克兩塊牛排),價4000千元。
? 2.choice(特 選級):18個月牛雙,油花分布均勻,稍有嚼勁,
依部位不同,價差可達4、5成,腓力牛排批發價1公斤約千
元。
? 3.select(可選級):略
4.stander(合格級):略
? 5.commercial(商用級):略
? 6.utility(可用級):略
? 7.cutter(切塊級):略
? 8.canner(製罐級):略
? 牛肉的油脂可以說是美味的保證,也是為什麼各國
牛肉皆以油花來當成評鑑項目之一。 PRIME等級
的牛肉除了油花以外,更重要的是它的多汁性。
? 牛排的產地,大概有分為日本和牛(目前禁止進口)、
澳洲和牛、美國牛肉跟澳洲牛肉(含紐西蘭)
? 所有牛排最高級的日本和牛來說,就依照油花的等
級有分 A1~A5 五個等級,而以 A5 為最高級。而
澳洲和牛則是由 M4~M12, M12 為最高等級。美國
牛則是依照 USDA 的八等級分類,最高級的就是
一般常聽到的 Prime 級牛肉,一般來說,會做牛
排的大概是 Prime/Choice 這前兩級的牛肉。
日本和牛
? 日本和牛裡面,除了 A1~A5 的分級以外,還有號
稱比其他和牛更好吃的,高級中的高級的三大和牛
松阪牛、神戶牛、米澤牛,以及其他足以與三大和
牛PK 的包括仙台牛、飛驒牛、信州牛、近江牛等。
而離台灣最近的沖繩石垣島,也有知名的石垣牛,
也是非常頂級的。
牛肉等级
? 兩種日本和牛的衍生牛肉,這兩種至少在台灣買得
到。分別就是澳洲和牛與美國極黑和牛。顧名思義,
這兩種和牛都是從日本和牛衍生出來的,通常就是
購買日本和牛的精子,在澳洲與美國做人工繁殖。
澳洲和牛有分純種和牛(和牛母牛+日本進口和牛精
子) 與混血和牛(日本和牛與安格斯黑牛混血)。而
美國極黑和牛也是一樣,是由日本和牛與有名的安
格斯黑牛混血繁殖的。
澳洲和牛
? 洲和牛等級的分法是從M4~M12,M12 是最高級,
大概等於日本和牛的 A5。一般在市面上比較容易
吃到的大概都是 M9 M10 這個等級,大概等於日
本和牛 A3,但已經非常美味了。在台灣,澳洲和
牛的價格大概是美國 USDA Prime 等級的兩倍以
上,在高檔牛排館大概一客四千起跳,實在是很奢
侈的享受
? 澳洲和牛的官方評級其實只有M1至M9,但有澳洲
公司訂出非官方的高於 M9 的 M10~M12 級別,也
會出現在市場上。
? M9 澳洲和牛
美國極黑和牛
? 美國極黑和牛則是分為 Silver, Black, Gold 三等級,
Gold 為最高等級,Black 為次高,Silver 則是第三
名
? 極黑和牛 Gold 的油花等極大概跟澳洲和牛
M9~M10 差不多,也就是大概等於日本和牛 A3。
Black 則是大概在澳洲和牛 M6~M8 的等級,大概
等於日本和牛 A2。
? 美國和牛的特色是沒有日本和牛跟澳洲和牛那麼入
口即化的柔軟,但卻有獨特的香氣與韻味,也算是
另一種極品。
牛肉等级
美國牛肉 USDA
? USDA 是美國農業部的簡稱,而美國農業部把美國
牛肉分為極佳級(U.S. Prime),特選級(U.S.
Choice),可選級(U.S. Select),合格級(U.S.
Standard),商用級(U.S. Commercial),可用
級(U.S. Utility),切塊級(U.S. Cutter)及製罐
級(U.S. Canner)這八大等級。
? C.A.B,認證安格斯牛。美國牛其實也有很多品種,
包括了Hereford、Gelbvieh、Santa Gertrudis 等,
但公認最好吃的還是 Angus 種。除了日本和牛以
外的所有牛種,其中最好吃的肉牛就是源自於蘇格
蘭的安格斯黑牛了。所以美國和牛才會用日本和牛
精子混血安格斯牛做出獨特的風味。
? Certified Angus Beef 認證安格斯牛,是最高品質
的安格斯牛肉才能拿到的。所以 CAB USDA
Prime 的牛排,又比一般的 USDA Prime 略勝半籌。
? CAB USDA Prime > USDA Prime > CAB USDA
Choice > Choice
Choice
USDA Angus Prime
澳洲牛肉
牛肉等级
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牛肉等级