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Principles of disease prevention & control.

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Shahab Uddin
Shahab Uddin

Diploma in medical Technology 4th Semester all Technology under Bangladesh Technical Education Board. Subject- Community Medicine (7641)

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COMMUNITY MEDICINE (7641)
Presented by Shahab Uddin Lecturer City Medical Institute Khulna +880 1918 577 978, +880 1550 021 275
Principles (bxwZ) of disease prevention & control: Prevention (c?wZ?iva) of communicable (ms?gY) disease: A) Controlling the reservoir (wimviwfIi- aviK): ? Early diagnosis & treatment- c?v_wgK ch?v?q ?ivM wbY?q I wPwKrmv ? Notification to the authority- mswk¨® KZ¡­?c??i Kv?Q msev` ?c?Qv?bv ? Isolation- c?_K K?i ivLv ? Quarantine- Kzqv?ibUvBb B) Interruption (evavM??¡ª Kiv) of transmission of disease- GKR?bi kixi n?Z Ab¡§R?bi kix?i ?hb bv ?h?Z cv?i C) Measures (wgmvim) taken in the host: ? Immunization- wUKv ?`Iqv ? Chemoprophylaxis(?K?gvc?vdvB?jvw¡¤m)- ?Kvb Jla w`?q Av?M ?ivM c?wZ?iva Kiv.
Notification (bwUwd?Kkb): Information to the local health authority whose responsibility is to put operation for controlling the disease. bwUwd?Kkb ej?Z ?Kvb ?ivM wbq???bi ?vwqZ?c?v? Av?wjK KZ¡­?c??K msev` ?`qv ev Rvbv?bv?K eySvq| Isolation (AvBmy?jkb): Separation of infected person for the period of communicability from non infected or susceptible person to present transmission of the disease. hLb ?Kvb ms?gb ?ivM ms?wgZ kixi n?Z my?¡¯ gvby?li g?a¡§ Qwo?q c?o ?m mgq ?ivM Qov?bv ?iva Ki?Z ev Avjv`v K?i ivLv?KB AvB?kv?jmb e?j. Infestation (Bb?dm?Ukb): The lodgment (avib Kiv) development & reproduction of arthropods (mw?hy? cv) on the surface of the body of any person or animal. Av_??cvWv ?k?Yxi c?vYx hLb gvby?li ev Ab¡§ ?Kvb c?vYxi kix?i ?¡¯vb wb?q e?w¡Ác?v? nq Ges eskwe?¡ªvi jvf K?i GB cy?iv c?wKqv?K ejv nq Bb?dm?Ukb. Epidemiological triad (BwcwWwg?jvwRK¡§vj) : 3 epidemiological factors (Agents, Host and environment) are commonly called epidemiological triad.
Quarantine (?Kvqv?ibUvBg): limitation of freedom of movement of such well person exposed to communicable disease not longer than usual longest incubation period to prevent effective contact with non exposed. ms?gb e¡§vwa c?wZ?iva Kivi Rb¡§ my?¡¯ e¡§w?i PjvP?ji ?^vaxbZv ms?vgK e¡§vwai ?^vfvweK my? Ae?¡¯v ch??¡ª GKUv mxgve¡Á ch?v?q ivLv?K ?Kvqv?ibUvBg e?j| Immunization (BgybvB?Rkb): Immunization is the technique where immunizing agent is administered in the body to prevent specific disease. wbw`?¨® ?iv?Mi wei?¡Á c?wZ?iva e¡§e?¡¯v M?o ?Zvjvi Rb¡§ gvby?li kix?i ?ivM c?wZ?ivaKvix e?¡® c??qvM Kiv?K BgybvB?Rkb e?j| Chemoprophylaxis (?K?gv?c?vdvB?jw¡¤m): Protection of any person by drug administration. ?Kvb Jla c??qvM Kivi gva¡§?g ?ivM c?wZ?iva Kiv?K K?gv?c?vdvB?jw¡¤m e?j|
? Prevention control of non-communicable (Ams?vgK) disease: A) Early diagnosis & treatment- c?v_wgK ch?v?q ?ivM I wPwKrmv c?`vb Kiv B) Control the environment(cwi?ek wbq???b ivLv): ? Water, air pollution- evqy I cvwb`~lb wbq??b Kiv ? Prevention of accidents- `~N?Ubv c?wZ?iva Kiv ? Change in life style- Rxebhvc?bi aviv cwieZ?b Kiv ? Upgrading sanitation- cqtwb??vkb e¡§e?¡¯vi Db?qb NUv?bv ? Smoking & drug avoidance- a~gcvb I ?bkvRvZxq e?¡® cwinvi Kiv C) Improvement of medical care- ?^v?¡¯¡§ ?mevi Db?qb
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Principles of disease prevention & control.

  • 2. Presented by Shahab Uddin Lecturer City Medical Institute Khulna +880 1918 577 978, +880 1550 021 275
  • 3. Principles (bxwZ) of disease prevention & control: Prevention (c?wZ?iva) of communicable (ms?gY) disease: A) Controlling the reservoir (wimviwfIi- aviK): ? Early diagnosis & treatment- c?v_wgK ch?v?q ?ivM wbY?q I wPwKrmv ? Notification to the authority- mswk¨® KZ¡­?c??i Kv?Q msev` ?c?Qv?bv ? Isolation- c?_K K?i ivLv ? Quarantine- Kzqv?ibUvBb B) Interruption (evavM??¡ª Kiv) of transmission of disease- GKR?bi kixi n?Z Ab¡§R?bi kix?i ?hb bv ?h?Z cv?i C) Measures (wgmvim) taken in the host: ? Immunization- wUKv ?`Iqv ? Chemoprophylaxis(?K?gvc?vdvB?jvw¡¤m)- ?Kvb Jla w`?q Av?M ?ivM c?wZ?iva Kiv.
  • 4. Notification (bwUwd?Kkb): Information to the local health authority whose responsibility is to put operation for controlling the disease. bwUwd?Kkb ej?Z ?Kvb ?ivM wbq???bi ?vwqZ?c?v? Av?wjK KZ¡­?c??K msev` ?`qv ev Rvbv?bv?K eySvq| Isolation (AvBmy?jkb): Separation of infected person for the period of communicability from non infected or susceptible person to present transmission of the disease. hLb ?Kvb ms?gb ?ivM ms?wgZ kixi n?Z my?¡¯ gvby?li g?a¡§ Qwo?q c?o ?m mgq ?ivM Qov?bv ?iva Ki?Z ev Avjv`v K?i ivLv?KB AvB?kv?jmb e?j. Infestation (Bb?dm?Ukb): The lodgment (avib Kiv) development & reproduction of arthropods (mw?hy? cv) on the surface of the body of any person or animal. Av_??cvWv ?k?Yxi c?vYx hLb gvby?li ev Ab¡§ ?Kvb c?vYxi kix?i ?¡¯vb wb?q e?w¡Ác?v? nq Ges eskwe?¡ªvi jvf K?i GB cy?iv c?wKqv?K ejv nq Bb?dm?Ukb. Epidemiological triad (BwcwWwg?jvwRK¡§vj) : 3 epidemiological factors (Agents, Host and environment) are commonly called epidemiological triad.
  • 5. Quarantine (?Kvqv?ibUvBg): limitation of freedom of movement of such well person exposed to communicable disease not longer than usual longest incubation period to prevent effective contact with non exposed. ms?gb e¡§vwa c?wZ?iva Kivi Rb¡§ my?¡¯ e¡§w?i PjvP?ji ?^vaxbZv ms?vgK e¡§vwai ?^vfvweK my? Ae?¡¯v ch??¡ª GKUv mxgve¡Á ch?v?q ivLv?K ?Kvqv?ibUvBg e?j| Immunization (BgybvB?Rkb): Immunization is the technique where immunizing agent is administered in the body to prevent specific disease. wbw`?¨® ?iv?Mi wei?¡Á c?wZ?iva e¡§e?¡¯v M?o ?Zvjvi Rb¡§ gvby?li kix?i ?ivM c?wZ?ivaKvix e?¡® c??qvM Kiv?K BgybvB?Rkb e?j| Chemoprophylaxis (?K?gv?c?vdvB?jw¡¤m): Protection of any person by drug administration. ?Kvb Jla c??qvM Kivi gva¡§?g ?ivM c?wZ?iva Kiv?K K?gv?c?vdvB?jw¡¤m e?j|
  • 6. ? Prevention control of non-communicable (Ams?vgK) disease: A) Early diagnosis & treatment- c?v_wgK ch?v?q ?ivM I wPwKrmv c?`vb Kiv B) Control the environment(cwi?ek wbq???b ivLv): ? Water, air pollution- evqy I cvwb`~lb wbq??b Kiv ? Prevention of accidents- `~N?Ubv c?wZ?iva Kiv ? Change in life style- Rxebhvc?bi aviv cwieZ?b Kiv ? Upgrading sanitation- cqtwb??vkb e¡§e?¡¯vi Db?qb NUv?bv ? Smoking & drug avoidance- a~gcvb I ?bkvRvZxq e?¡® cwinvi Kiv C) Improvement of medical care- ?^v?¡¯¡§ ?mevi Db?qb