Storia dell'informatica
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The document traces the history of computing from ancient times to the present day. It discusses important figures and inventions such as Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace, Alan Turing, the development of programmable computers at universities in the 1940s, the creation of Microsoft and Apple in the 1970s, and the rise of personal computing and the Internet. The summary highlights some of the key people and technologies that have shaped the evolution of the field over time.
![[The AnalyticalEngine] might act upon other things besides number, were objects found
whose mutual fundamental relations could be expressed by those of the abstract science of
operations, and which should be also susceptible of adaptations to the action of the operating
notation and mechanism of the engine...Supposing, for instance,that the fundamental relations
of pitched sounds in the science of harmony and of musicalcomposition were susceptible of
such expression and adaptations, the engine might compose elaborate and scientific
pieces of music of any degree of complexity or extent](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/informaticamensa-200223151044/85/Storia-dell-informatica-29-320.jpg)
![[The AnalyticalEngine] might act upon other things besides number, were objects found
whose mutual fundamental relations could be expressed by those of the abstract science of
operations, and which should be also susceptible of adaptations to the action of the operating
notation and mechanism of the engine...Supposing, for instance,that the fundamental relations
of pitched sounds in the science of harmony and of musicalcomposition were susceptible of
such expression and adaptations, the engine might compose elaborate and scientific
pieces of music of any degree of complexity or extent](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/informaticamensa-200223151044/85/Storia-dell-informatica-30-320.jpg)
![[The AnalyticalEngine] might act upon other things besides number, were objects found
whose mutual fundamental relations could be expressed by those of the abstract science of
operations, and which should be also susceptible of adaptations to the action of the operating
notation and mechanism of the engine...Supposing, for instance,that the fundamental relations
of pitched sounds in the science of harmony and of musicalcomposition were susceptible of
such expression and adaptations, the engine might compose elaborate and scientific
pieces of music of any degree of complexity or extent](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/informaticamensa-200223151044/85/Storia-dell-informatica-31-320.jpg)
![Plankalk端l
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max(V0[:8.0],V1[:8.0]) Z1[:8.0]
max(Z1[:8.0],V2[:8.0]) R0[:8.0]
END
P2 max (V0[:8.0],V1[:8.0]) R0[:8.0]
V0[:8.0] Z1[:8.0]
(Z1[:8.0] < V1[:8.0]) V1[:8.0] Z1[:8.0]
Z1[:8.0] R0[:8.0]
END](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/informaticamensa-200223151044/85/Storia-dell-informatica-77-320.jpg)
Storia dell'informatica
- 1. La pi湛 umana delle tecnologie Storia dellinformatica Donne e Uomini Marco Montanari 22/02/2020
- 4. WWIILuomo pi湛 pigro La First Lady Voi siete Qui
- 6. Erone dAlessandria introduce il concetto di Automaton, creando dei 束distributori automatici損 e delle 束porte scorrevoli損
- 8. Lione, 1515
- 11. Austria, 1760 Nelle radio impazza la Contredanse Allemande. Tuttora nessuno sa esattamente cosa sia.
- 14. Johann Wolfgang Ritter von Kempelen de P叩zm叩nd
- 16. Londra, 1819 Piove. Ma 竪 normale, 竪 Londra
- 19. Londra, 1840 Continua a Piovere.
- 21. Faraday
- 22. Michael Faraday
- 23. Charles Dickens It was the best oftimes, it was the worstof times, it was the age ofwisdom, it was the age offoolishness, it wasthe epoch of belief, it was the epoch ofincredulity, it was the season ofLight, it was the season ofDarkness, it was the spring ofhope, it was the winter ofdespair, we hadeverything before us, we hadnothing before us, we were allgoing direct to Heaven, we were allgoing direct the other wayin short, the period was so farlike the present period,that some ofits noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, forgood orforevil, in the superlative degree ofcomparison only.
- 25. Forget this world and all its troubles and if possible its multitudinous Charlatansevery thing in short but the Enchantress of Number - Charles Babbage Augusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelace
- 27. Luigi Federico Menabrea Ingegnere del politecnico di Torino 7mo Primo ministro italiano dal 1867 al 1869
- 29. [The AnalyticalEngine] might act upon other things besides number, were objects found whose mutual fundamental relations could be expressed by those of the abstract science of operations, and which should be also susceptible of adaptations to the action of the operating notation and mechanism of the engine...Supposing, for instance,that the fundamental relations of pitched sounds in the science of harmony and of musicalcomposition were susceptible of such expression and adaptations, the engine might compose elaborate and scientific pieces of music of any degree of complexity or extent
- 30. [The AnalyticalEngine] might act upon other things besides number, were objects found whose mutual fundamental relations could be expressed by those of the abstract science of operations, and which should be also susceptible of adaptations to the action of the operating notation and mechanism of the engine...Supposing, for instance,that the fundamental relations of pitched sounds in the science of harmony and of musicalcomposition were susceptible of such expression and adaptations, the engine might compose elaborate and scientific pieces of music of any degree of complexity or extent
- 31. [The AnalyticalEngine] might act upon other things besides number, were objects found whose mutual fundamental relations could be expressed by those of the abstract science of operations, and which should be also susceptible of adaptations to the action of the operating notation and mechanism of the engine...Supposing, for instance,that the fundamental relations of pitched sounds in the science of harmony and of musicalcomposition were susceptible of such expression and adaptations, the engine might compose elaborate and scientific pieces of music of any degree of complexity or extent
- 33. Arthur Scherbius
- 35. US. Patent 1556964 Oct. 1925
- 36. Berlino, 1927 Go West, in this peaceful day
- 39. Varsavia, 1929
- 40. Marian Rejewski
- 43. Alan Turing
- 44. there is no single algorithm that infallibly gives a correct "yes" or "no" answer to each instance of the problem.
- 51. Bletchley Park, 1939, 4 Settembre
- 52. Alan Turing
- 53. WWIILuomo pi湛 pigro La First Lady Voi siete Qui
- 56. Bletchley Park, 1940, 18 Marzo
- 59. Software
- 60. USS Missouri, Baia di Tokio, 1945, 2 Settembre
- 62. 1945-1946
- 66. Glen Beck Betty Holberton Disco Rigido
- 69. Londra, 1947
- 70. Kathleen Booth
- 73. Berlino, 1935
- 74. Konrad Zuse
- 76. Hessen, 1948
- 77. Plankalk端l P1 max3 (V0[:8.0],V1[:8.0],V2[:8.0]) R0[:8.0] max(V0[:8.0],V1[:8.0]) Z1[:8.0] max(Z1[:8.0],V2[:8.0]) R0[:8.0] END P2 max (V0[:8.0],V1[:8.0]) R0[:8.0] V0[:8.0] Z1[:8.0] (Z1[:8.0] < V1[:8.0]) V1[:8.0] Z1[:8.0] Z1[:8.0] R0[:8.0] END
- 79. Tom Kilburn Geoff Tootill Frederic C. Williams
- 80. Manchester Baby
- 81. WilliamsKilburn tubeBanco di RAM da 1 bit
- 82. Manchester, 1950
- 83. Autocode c@VA t@IC x@遜C y@RC z@NC INTEGERS +5 c # Put 5 into c t # Load argument from lower accumulator # to variable t +t TESTA Z # Put |t| into lower accumulator -t ENTRY Z SUBROUTINE 6 z # Run square root subroutine on # lower accumulator value # and put the result into z +tt y x # Calculate t^3 and put it into x +tx y x +z+cx CLOSE WRITE 1 # Put z + (c * x) into # lower accumulator # and return
- 85. J. Presper Eckert, John Mauchly Remington Rand $ UNIVAC I
- 86. WWIILuomo pi湛 pigro La First Lady Voi siete Qui
- 87. Grace Hopper
- 90. Hardware
- 96. 1975
- 100. Bill Gates Paul Allen Fondano Microsoft nel 1975
- 101. I choose a lazy person to do a hard job. Because a lazy person will find an easy way to do it. Bill Gates
- 103. Windows
- 117. Steven Paul Jobs Fonda Apple nel 1976 1976 Apple I 1977 Apple II Battaglia legale con Microsoft 1983 Apple Lisa 1984 Macintosh
- 119. Steven Paul Jobs Fonda Apple nel 1976 1976 Apple I 1977 Apple II Battaglia legale con Microsoft 1983 Apple Lisa 1984 Macintosh Viene cacciato da Apple nel 1985
- 122. Steven Paul Jobs Fonda Apple nel 1976 1976 Apple I 1977 Apple II Battaglia legale con Microsoft 1983 Apple Lisa 1984 Macintosh Viene cacciato da Apple nel 1985 Fonda NeXT nel 1985 Finanzia la divisione Compter Graphics di Lucasfilm Lucasfilm CG diventa Pixar nel 1994 Apple compra NeXT nel 1997 Sigla il MS Deal Principale attore della Apple Renaissance
- 124. iMac - 1999 iPod - 2001 iBook - 2002 iPhone - 2008
- 125. Muore JobsJobs fuori da Apple
- 126. Network 1960 Davies 束Packet Switching損 1973 Cerf 束Transmission Control protocol損 + 束Internet Protocol損
- 127. 1977
- 128. 1986
- 129. 2020
- 130. 1989
- 131. Browsers
- 135. UNIX
- 136. Kernigham e Ritchie definiscono il linguaggio C I Guerra delle licenze
- 139. "free software" is a matter of liberty, not price. To understand the concept, you should think of "free" as in "free speech," not as in "free beer" Richard Stallman
- 141. Steve Jobs torna in Apple
- 151. In the meantime theres no business like show business
- 152. Gen. 1 1972-1980
- 153. 1972
- 154. 1972
- 155. 1979
- 158. Gen 2 1976-1992
- 163. Gen 3 1983-2003
- 167. Shigeru Miyamoto
- 171. Gen 4
- 179. Gen 5
- 187. Gen 6
- 194. Gen 7
- 200. Gen 8
- 206. WWIILuomo pi湛 pigro La First Lady Voi siete Qui
- 209. Grazie
Editor's Notes
- 1936
- Il 15 dicembre la wehrmacht introduce il riflettore che porta la complessit da 6 situazioni base analizzabili a 60, rendendo 10 volte pi湛 lento il lavoro della Bomba.
- day after the UK declared war on Germany
- day after the UK declared war on Germany
- day after the UK declared war on Germany
- day after the UK declared war on Germany
- day after the UK declared war on Germany
- Jean Jennings Bartik,Betty Holberton,Marlyn Wescoff,Kathleen McNulty,Ruth Teitelbaum, andFrances Spence. SUBROUTINES, ANNIDAMENTO
- A 25 anni, gi ingengere civile odia talmente tanto calcoli banali di statica che affronta il problema e crea un calcolatore programmabile. Prima di Von Neumann e Turing.
- Z1 del 35-36; distrutto a guerra iniziata. Germania finanzia evoluzione dei lavori, capendone il potenziale ma fortunatamente mai mettendolo in pratica.
- day after the UK declared war on Germany
- Frederic C. Williams,Tom Kilburn, andGeoff Tootill,
- Frederic C. Williams,Tom Kilburn, andGeoff Tootill,
- Alick Glennie
- Avevano lavorato ad ENIAC Remington aspetter il 54 per installare il primo UNIVAC
- universal programming language => Cobol
- 61-63 Software reliability 65 Apollo
- 1972-1989 CREA nic arpanet, whois,
- Manchester Atlas 1963 (gi processore)
- Olivetti Elea 9003 It was the first solid-state computer designed (it was fully manufactured inItaly). The knowledge obtained was applied a few years later in the development of the successful
- The OlivettiProgramma 101, also known asPerottinaorP101, is the first commercial programmable "desktop computer".[1][2][3]Produced by Italian manufacturerOlivetti, based inIvrea,Piedmont, and invented by the Italian engineerPier Giorgio Perotto, the P101 has the main features of large computers of that period. It was launched at the1964 New York World's Fair; volume production started in 1965. Afuturisticdesign for its time, the Programma 101 was priced at $3,200[4](equivalent to $26,000 in 2019). About 44,000 units were sold, primarily in the US. First produced in 1965, theProgramma 101was a printing programmable calculator[23][24][25]described in advertisements as a "desktop computer".[26][27][28]It was designed and produced by the Italian companyOlivettiwithPier Giorgio Perottobeing the lead developer. The Olivetti Programma 101 was presented at the 1965 New York World's Fair after 2 years work (1962- 1964). Over 44,000 units were sold worldwide; in the US its cost at launch was $3,200. It was targeted to offices and scientific entities for their daily work because of its high computing capabilities in small space and cost; also theNASAwas amongst the first owners. Built without integrated circuits or microprocessors, it used only transistors, resistors and condensers for its processing,[29]the Programma 101 had features found in modern personal computers, such as memory, keyboard, printing unit, magnetic card reader/recorder, control and arithmetic unit.[30]HP later copied the Programma 101 architecture for itsHP9100 series.[31][32]
- Olivetti P6060
- Andy Grove,Robert NoyceandGordon Moorein 1978
- General InfoLaunchedlate 1971Discontinued1981Common manufacturer(s)Intel PerformanceMax.CPUclock rate740kHzData width4 bitsAddress width12 (multiplexed)Architecture and classificationApplicationBusicom calculator, arithmetic manipulationMin.featuresize10袖mInstructionset4-bitBCDorientedPhysical specificationsTransistors2,250[1] Package(s)16 pinDIP Socket(s)DIP16 HistorySuccessorIntel 4040
- The first machines were introduced on 1 March 1973,[9]a decade before mass-market GUI machines became available.
- 7000000
- Prototipo del magnavox Odissey
- Nota: quello da 112 giochi sono 112 combinazioni di meccaniche standard per comporre il gioco.
- 720$ oggi