This report compares design codes for hollow block and ribbed slabs. It includes:
- A comparison of limitations between Egyptian, British, Euro and American codes on rib spacing, slab thickness, and other parameters.
- Solved examples for one-way and two-way slabs according to different codes, finding the Egyptian code most economical.
- Analysis of using one or two cross-ribs, determining one rib at midspan is sufficient.
- Different modeling methods for the slabs in structural analysis software, with minor differences in results.
- Case studies presented for one-way, cantilever, two-way hollow block slabs, and ribbed slabs using
This report compares design codes for hollow block and ribbed slabs. It includes:
- A comparison of limitations between Egyptian, British, Euro and American codes on rib spacing, slab thickness, and other parameters.
- Solved examples for one-way and two-way slabs according to different codes, finding the Egyptian code most economical.
- Analysis of using one or two cross-ribs, determining one rib at midspan is sufficient.
- Different modeling methods for the slabs in structural analysis software, with minor differences in results.
- Case studies presented for one-way, cantilever, two-way hollow block slabs, and ribbed slabs using
This is a Power Point Presentation discussing briefly about the Slab, Beam & Column of a building construction. It was presented on 6th March, 2014 as part of the Presentations of the subject: DETAILS OF CONSTRUCTION, at Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology (AUST)
basic structural system in architectureshahul130103
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This document discusses different structural systems including wall slab, post-lintel, and post slab. It provides details on the basic structural elements of slabs, walls, beams, and columns. For each structural system, it describes the load transfer method, structural members, openings allowed, spans, positioning of stairs, punching, cantilevers, and materials used. Examples of each system are given along with discussions of their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Case studies of specific buildings demonstrating wall slab structures are also included.
Patrick Makula is a Zambian survey engineer with over 4 years of experience in topographic surveying, geometric design, and road project supervision. He holds a Bachelor of Engineering in Geomatics from the University of Zambia. His relevant experience includes topographic surveys and road designs in Zambia for projects in Sesheke, Luwingu, Southern Province, Mpulungu, Northwestern Province, Lusaka, and other locations. He is proficient in AutoCAD, CivilDesigner, ArcGIS, and Microsoft Office applications.
The document provides details on the fabrication and construction of the self-anchored suspension span of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. It discusses the temporary works, pier cap beams, orthotropic box girder, tower, cable works, bike path, and miscellaneous elements. Key aspects covered include fabrication in China and Shanghai, mockups to investigate procedures, surveys and jigs for layout and dimensional control, complexities of curves and transitions, and assembly steps.
The document discusses permanent anchorage life line systems for fall protection. It describes various classes of anchor devices and components of horizontal and vertical anchorage line systems. The PN 4000 horizontal anchorage line system meets European standards for class C anchorage systems and allows up to 4 workers. The Vertex 7000 vertical anchorage line includes components like a rope grab, shock absorber, brackets, and tensioner to provide fall protection when working on ladders. Trained technicians can install the systems for applications like construction sites, buildings, and industrial facilities.
This document summarizes a presentation on monitoring and evaluation given at an end-of-phase event on May 22, 2014. It discusses responsive M&E systems for program success and the importance of building national M&E capacity. It provides examples of tools and approaches used by MEASURE Evaluation to support countries, including developing M&E guidelines, training curricula, and providing technical assistance. Challenges in M&E like implementation, coordination and measuring achievements are also noted. The presentation emphasizes adapting local M&E systems as contexts change from malaria control to elimination.
STUDY ON VARIATION OF JOINT FORCES IN STIFFENING TRUSS OF CABLE-STAYED BRIDGEAELC
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This document outlines the first seminar for a study on the variation of joint forces in the stiffening truss of a cable-stayed bridge. It discusses the objectives, scope, flow chart, component parts, design procedure, implementation program, and expected outcomes of the study. The study will analyze and design the superstructure of a 3-span cable-stayed highway bridge using STAAD-Pro software, with a focus on determining the variation of joint forces in the stiffening truss.
This document contains lecture notes from a course on interior systems, materials and codes. It discusses Chapter 3 of the required textbook, which covers wood as a construction material. The notes provide information on common wood species and their uses, wood dimensions and moisture content, fasteners, and wood treatments and prefabricated components. It also includes review questions testing understanding of wood properties, board feet calculations, wood grades, spans, and nail sizes.
This document discusses how traditional approaches to studying state-society relations, which view the state and society as distinct entities, are increasingly inadequate. It outlines trends since the 1960s that have blurred the boundaries between state and society, such as greater societal influence over policymaking, public-private partnerships, decentralization, and the expansion of civic participation. While these shifts first emerged in developed countries, similar trends are also occurring in developing nations. The document argues new conceptual approaches are needed to understand the complex, interdependent relationship between states and societies.
This document summarizes a university lecture on foundations for building construction. It discusses different foundation types like shallow foundations, deep foundations, and retaining structures. It covers topics like soil types, waterproofing, bearing capacities, and design considerations. Students are assigned reading and problems related to selecting appropriate foundation systems based on soil and loading conditions.
This document discusses the seismic behavior of beam-column joints in reinforced concrete moment frames. It begins by introducing beam-column joints and their importance. It then explains that joints have limited strength and are vulnerable to damage during earthquakes. To prevent this, joints must be designed to resist earthquake effects. The document outlines how beams apply moments to joints during quakes and how this can cause diagonal cracking if the joint is not reinforced properly. It concludes that providing large column sizes or steel ties in the joint can prevent such cracking and damage.
This document provides information on designing structured cabling systems, including premises and backbone cabling. It discusses network-specific and open cabling systems, as well as centralized and distributed network architectures. Key considerations for cabling system design include applications, hardware, software, physical plant and cost. The document also covers telecommunications outlet placement, telecommunications and equipment room design, horizontal and backbone cabling, media types, and standards bodies. Diagrams illustrate typical topologies, pathways, and closet layouts.
This document provides an introduction to the analysis and design of reinforced concrete structures. It discusses the American Concrete Institute building code and the strength design method. It describes different types of loads like dead and live loads. It then gives an overview of common reinforced concrete structural systems like flat plate, beam-column frame, and shear wall systems. Finally, it discusses the basic behavior and properties of structural members like beams, columns, slabs, and walls.
The document discusses the different types of foundations and footings used to support buildings. It defines a foundation as the lowest division that supports the structure above and anchors it, accommodating varying soil and water conditions below. Footings are made of reinforced concrete and extend laterally from columns or walls to distribute the load across the soil. The main types of footings described are strip, stepped, cantilever/strap, combined, mat/raft, isolated, and continuous footings.
This document provides 31 references on the topic of concrete materials and structures. The references include Egyptian and international code standards, textbooks, conference proceedings, journal articles, and a master's thesis focused on topics like concrete mix design, quality control, specifications, properties, strengthening, repair, high-strength concrete, fiber-reinforced concrete, and more. Many of the references are from the 1980s-1990s and were published in locations like the UK, USA, Belgium, and Egypt.
1) Shallow foundations are used when the top soil layers can support applied loads with acceptable settlement. Types include spread footings, combined footings, strap-beam footings, wall footings, strip footings, and raft foundations.
2) Deep foundations are used when top soils are weak and cannot support structural loads. Types include piles, piers, and caissons, which transmit loads to deeper stronger soil layers.
3) The design of an isolated spread footing involves calculating the area and dimensions of plain concrete based on allowable soil bearing capacity, then determining reinforced concrete dimensions, contact pressure, and checking critical sections for moment, shear, and punching.
This document discusses bearing capacity of shallow foundations. It defines bearing capacity as the ability of soil to safely carry pressure without shear failure. Terzaghi's bearing capacity theory from 1943 is described, including his assumptions of three soil zones and equations for calculating ultimate bearing capacity. The effects of foundation shape, inclined loads, soil type (clay vs. sand), and water table are explained. Settlement analysis is also important to determine allowable bearing capacity. An example problem demonstrates calculating the net allowable bearing capacity of a footing in clay.
The document discusses bearing capacity, which is the ability of soil to safely support the load from a structure without failing. It presents Terzaghi's model of three soil zones under a foundation and his bearing capacity equation. The equation considers cohesion, overburden pressure, footing width and depth factors. Graphs show bearing capacity factors varying with soil friction angle. An example calculates the net allowable bearing capacity of an overconsolidated clay foundation.
Soil compaction involves densifying soil by reducing voids through application of external compactive effort. This increases the soil's bearing capacity, decreases settlement potential, and reduces hydraulic conductivity. Laboratory compaction tests determine the optimum water content and maximum dry density for a soil under specific compactive efforts like standard and modified Proctor tests. Field compaction is assessed through tests such as sand cone, nuclear, and relative compaction compared to laboratory results. Common compaction equipment includes vibratory rollers, sheepsfoot rollers, and impact rollers.
The document discusses soil phase relationships and defines key terms. It describes how soil is composed of grains, water, and air which occupy volumes. The volume of voids is critical and affects other properties. Terms defined include void ratio, porosity, saturation, bulk density, saturated density, dry density, and relative density. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating various phase properties from given data.