1.2-Fractures in the growing skeleton.pdf

Aug 3, 20230 likes13 views

This document discusses fractures in the growing pediatric skeleton. It aims to explain how fractures can occur in different parts of the skeleton as it develops and grows. These include fractures of the physis where growth occurs, the metaphysis near the growth plate, and the diaphysis or shaft of long bones. It also discusses fractures of apophyses, which are outgrowths of bone. The key messages are that the physis and growth plates are most vulnerable to fractures due to growth, while plastic deformation and greenstick fractures are common in the diaphysis of long bones.

FRACTURES IN THE GROWING SKELETON
LE VIET CAN

$OBJECTIVES  Understand the skeletal structure of the pediatric patient.  Understand fracture patterns of pediatric patient. 2$

1.2-Fractures in the growing skeleton.pdf

2.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE METAPHYSIS?

3.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE DIAPHYSIS?
BENDING FORCES

3.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE DIAPHYSIS?
BENDING FORCES: PLASTIC DEFORMATION

3.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE DIAPHYSIS?
BENDING FORCES: GREENSTICK FRACTURE

3.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE DIAPHYSIS?
BENDING FORCES: COMPLETE FRACTURE

$TAKE HOME MESSAGES PEDIATRIC SKELETON: GROWTH • Physis: weaknest • Metaphyis: torus fracture • Diaphysis: plastic deformation, greenstick fracture • Apophysis$

1. Why isn't Jamie allowed unlimited use of aspirin for pain? 2. Why does Jamie's pain subside after a period of inactivity? 3. Why is Sever disease more likely to occur in a child who is active than in one who is sedentary? 4. Why does Sever disease occur in children rather than adults? 5. Describe the pattern of pain appearance and remission that can be expected if Jamie uses heel pads only intermittently. 6. Why are Jamie's X rays normal? If Jamie had calcaneal spurs, how would the X rays have differed? 7. In craniosynostosis, why would premature closure of the sagittal suture restrict the lateral growth of the skull? 8. If you were a pediatrician, what measurements of the skull would you take to distinguish different forms of craniosynostossis from each other? 9. About 50% of children with cranioynostossi exhibit mental retardation. Explain the probable connection between the skeletal deformity and the neurological effect. 10. Explain why Paget disease could cause abnormal pressure on a spinal nerve. Objectives In this chapter we will study - foor developmental disorders of the skull-microcephaly, macrocephaly, acrania, and craniosynostosis; - two developmental disorders of the face and jaw-cleft palate and mandible disorders: - developmental disorders of the vertebral column, incloding spina bifida and aboormal spine curvatures; - some of the causes of lower back pain later in life; and - two disorders of the pelvis-rachitic pelvis and pelvis asyametry. - three disorders of the legs - congenital short fenur, genu varum, and genu valgum: - skeletal disorders of the foet, specifically foot deformities and heel pain. Diagnosing Skeletal Disorders Craniosymosiosis This chapter focuses on disonders of some of the groups of booes Normal human babies are born with unfused e that compose the skeletoa, and examines skeletal problems at the able to shift enough to allow their heads to organ and system level as opposed to the tissue level treated in canal. The cranial booes become rigidly joi the previous chapter. You may find it helpfal to refer to a buman 2 years after birth. Craniosynostonis oecurs asatomy textbook to review the skeleton. The methods used to di- of the cranial sutures fuses prematurely durin agnose the disorders diseussed in this chapter are largely the same months of life. It occurs in about 5 out of 100 as those deseribed in the previous chapter. twice as often in males as in females. Developmental Disorders of the Skull Premature closure of a suture results in I Developmental defects that occur daring the formation of the tures that remain open. For example, if the o bones of the skull can be so minor that they have little or no effect prematurely, the head cannot grow normally or so major that they cause death. This discussion focuses ce two direction but shows excessive promth in a la defects of the skull: acrania and crasiosynostosis. pendicular to the sagittal suture. As a result, Acrania mally wide (left to right) and sh.

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1.2-Fractures in the growing skeleton.pdf

1. FRACTURES IN THE GROWING SKELETON LE VIET CAN

2. OBJECTIVES  Understand the skeletal structure of the pediatric patient.  Understand fracture patterns of pediatric patient. 2

4. GROWTH !

7. 1.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE PHYSIS?

8. 1.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE PHYSIS?

9. 1.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE PHYSIS?

10. 2.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE METAPHYSIS?

11. 2.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE METAPHYSIS?

12. 2.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE METAPHYSIS?

13. 3.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE DIAPHYSIS? BENDING FORCES

14. 3.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE DIAPHYSIS? BENDING FORCES

15. 3.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE DIAPHYSIS? BENDING FORCES: PLASTIC DEFORMATION

16. 3.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE DIAPHYSIS? BENDING FORCES: PLASTIC DEFORMATION

17. 3.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE DIAPHYSIS? BENDING FORCES: GREENSTICK FRACTURE

18. 3.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE DIAPHYSIS? BENDING FORCES: GREENSTICK FRACTURE

19. 3.HOW DOES FAILURE OCCUR IN THE DIAPHYSIS? BENDING FORCES: COMPLETE FRACTURE

20. 4.WHAT IS AN APOPHYSIS?

21. 4.WHAT IS AN APOPHYSIS?

22. 4.WHAT IS AN APOPHYSIS?

23. TAKE HOME MESSAGES PEDIATRIC SKELETON: GROWTH • Physis: weaknest • Metaphyis: torus fracture • Diaphysis: plastic deformation, greenstick fracture • Apophysis

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