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惆愕 愕擯悋
惡惘悋 愆惡悋 拆 悋  惠悋

Pictures from: http://www.cmrockeng.com/services.html
Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
1. 惆

愕悗悋悋惠 悋愕悋愕 惆惘 擧悋擧 愕擯
1. 擧悋擧 愕擯 愕惠
2. 惆 悋慍 擧悋擧 愕擯 愕惠
3. 悋  悋愀悋惺悋惠  悽悋 惡惆愕惠 悛惘
4.  悽惶惶悋惠 悋慍 愕擯悋 惘悋  惠悋 悋惆悋慍 擯惘惠
5.  惘愆悋 惡惘悋 惠惺 悽惶惶悋惠 愕擯悋 悋愕惠悋惆  愆惆
6.   慍 惆惘 悋惠悋 悋 惆惘愕 悋惆 悽悋 擯惘惠 (愕悗悋 擧惆)

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
1. 惆

惘悋悴惺 惆惘愕
Official test book:
T Ramamurthy (2008). Engineering in Rocks for
Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels (2nd edition).
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 731 pp.

Additional information:
John A. Hudson & John P. Harrison (2000).
Engineering Rocks Mechanics: An Introduction to
the Principals (2nd edition). Imperial Colledge of
Science, technology and Medicien, University of
London 458pp.
Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
2. 擧悋擧 愕擯 愕惠

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-

-

惡惘悋 悋 惡悋惘  :ASEG惘惠悋惘 擧悋擧 惺  擧悋惘惡惘惆 愕擯悋
愀惡 惠惺惘 悋悽惘  :ISRM擧 愀悋惺悋惠 惘惠惡愀 惡悋 惘惠悋惘 慍擧 
擧悋擧 愕擯悋  惠惆 愕擯悋  擧悋惘惡惘惆 悛 惡惘悋 惆惘擧 惡惠惘 惘悋惆悋
慍 愆悋愕  慍 悋 惆愕
惆愕 愕擯: 惘惠惡愀 惡悋 惡惘惘愕 悛慍悋愆 惠忰 愀惘悋忰 愕悋慍 
惴悋惘惠 惡惘 悋悴惘悋 愕悋悽惠悋 惆愕 惆悋悽  悋 惡惘 惘 惠惆 愕擯悋
擧 悋 惺悋 惡愕惠擯 惡: 悽惶惶悋惠 惆愕 惠惆 愕擯  擯擯
惠惺悋 悛 惡悋 愕悋慍 惆愕

ASEG: Australian Society of Exploration Geophysics, ISRM: International Society for Rock Mechanics

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
3. 惆 悋慍 擧悋擧 愕擯
 1) 惡惘悋 愀惘悋忰 愕悋慍 悋: 惠惺 惶悋忰惠 悋惠  拆悋惆悋惘 惠惆 愕擯 惡惘悋 惠忰 惡悋惘 愕悋慍 悋愕悋悽惠 愆惆 惡惘 惘 悛 (愕愀忰  悋 慍惘慍)
-

悋惘慍悋惡 悽惶惶悋惠 悋悋惺 忰悋惘
愀悋惺悋惠 悋忰惆悋惓 悴悋惆 悽悋慍 惆 慍惡悋  ...
悋惘慍悋惡 悽悋愀惘悋惠 慍 愆悋愕 (愕 慍慍  ...)
悋惠悽悋惡 悋惆 愕悋悽惠悋
悋惠悽悋惡 忰 愕悋慍
惠忰 拆悋惆悋惘
愀惘悋忰 惺悋惠 忰悋惘 愕愕惠 擯惆悋惘惆 惡惘悋 悋 愆擧愕惠 惆惘擧  悋惡慍悋惘 惆  ...
愀惘悋忰  愕悋悽惠 愕悋慍 悋 惆愕 惆惘 悋悋惺 愕擯悋
愀悋惺悋惠 惠愃惘愆擧 愕擯悋 惆惘 愆悋惘  悋 忰惘悋惘惠 惡悋悋

2) 愆悋愕悋 惘悋惆悋 慍 愆悋愕

 悋惘慍悋惡 擧悋慍 擯愕悋 愀悋惺悋惠 悋惠 惠愕惘- 悋惘慍悋惡 擯擯 悋惠愆悋惘 悋悋悴

 擧悋惘惡惘惆 惆惘 慍 悋 悽惠 惆愕: 慍 愆悋愕 惺惆 惠 悧慍擧  惺惘悋 (悋悴惘悋惠悋 悴悋惆 悋 惺悋惆 悽悋慍 慍惘慍 悋 悋 惠 擯悋慍 悧惠惘悋 悋惘 愕惠 悋  ...)
Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
4.悋愀悋惺悋惠 惘惆 惴惘

 擯擯 悋擧愆 愕擯 惆惘 惡惘悋惡惘 悋愕惠惘愕悋 悋惘惆 (愀惡惺 悋 惶惺) 慍悋 惴惘惠 惠忰 愕擯 ( 惆惘 愕愀忰 悋 惆惘 惺) 惘悋 悋惠 惡惘愆 愕擯 擯擯 惘惠悋惘 愕擯 惠忰惠 惡悋惘擯悵悋惘 拆悋 (  )Dynamic 惘慍 悋 惆 悋悋愕惠愕惠 愕擯 愕惠  擯 惡惆愕惠  悛惆 悋惓惘悋惠 愕愀忰 惷惺 (惶忰悋惠 悋 惡惆 惠惘  愆愕惠慍惠 惆惘慍 愆擧悋 忰惘悋惠  惆擯惘悋拆愕惠擯 悋) 惡惘 悋惠 愕擯 愕惠
- 擧悋慍 悋 愆擧愕惠 愕擯 悋  愕惠惆

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘

1. 愕 愕擯
2. 惺 悋慍惆擯 愕擯
3. 愆悖  悴愕 愕擯
4. 愆悋悽惶悋 悋惠 愕擯 惡擧惘
5. 愆悋悽惶悋 悋惠 惠惆 愕擯

悋惓惘 惘 擧 惡惘 悋惠 惠惆 愕擯

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘
Geological time scale

1. 愕 愕擯悋

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘

2. 惺 悋慍惆擯
Engineering classification of weathered rock

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘

3. 愆悖  悴愕 愕擯
Primary Rock Types by Geologic Origin

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘

4. 愆悋悽惶悋 悋惠 愕擯 惡擧惘
Index Properties of Intact Rock

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘

4.1. 慍 悽惶惶
Specific Gravity of Rock Minerals

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘

4.2. 慍 悋忰惆 忰悴
Unit Weights of Rocks

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘

4.3. 惠悽悽  悵拆悵惘
1. Effects of Porosity
2. Relationship with Other Parameters
3. Porosity vs. Permeability

Pictures: www.engr.usask.ca
Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘
Rock Mass Indexes

5. 愆悋悽惶悋 悋惠
惠惆 愕擯
* Description of Joints:
Orientation, Persistence,
Roughness, Wall Strength,
Aperture, Filling, Seepage,
Number of sets, Block size,
spacing.

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺

惡惘惘愕悋 悧惠擧擧:
擯 愆惘惺 擧
"惡惘悋 惘慍 惡惘悋 惘慍  惡惘悋 惘慍"
 惡惘悋 惘慍 惡惘悋 擧 惠悴 悋惡 惡

 惡惘惘愕 愀悋惺悋惠 惡
 惡惘惘愕 惡惠惘  悋愕惡惠惘 惘愆
 惡惘惘愕 愆擧悋惠 愀  惺 愀惘忰 (悴愕惠擧)
 愀悋惺 惆  愆悋愕悋 悋 愀惘忰

 惡惘悋 惘慍 惡惘悋 愕惆 悋惡 惡

 惆惘 惴惘 擯惘惠 悛悋惆擧 悋 惶惺惠 惡惆 愀惘忰
 惆惘 惴惘 擯惘惠 慍 悋 拆愆 惡 愆惆 惠悋悽惘悋惠  ...

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺

 金惠惺 悋惆悋:
惺 悋惡惺悋惆 愕惘惺惠  惆惠  慍悋

 金惠惺 忰惆惆惠 悋:
悋擧悋悋惠 悋惠惶悋惆 愕悋愕 悋悴惠悋惺 悵惡

 金惠惺 愆悽惶悋惠 愀惘忰
 金惠惺 愆悽惶悋惠 慍 愆悋愕  悧惠擧擧
 金惠惺  悋惠悽悋惡 惘愆 悋愕惡:
惺惠 愀惘忰 悋惺 擯擯 悋擧惠愕悋惡 惆悋惆 悋 拆惘惆悋慍愆 悵悽惘 愕悋慍  擧悋惘惡惘惆 悛悋

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺
悋悴惘悋 惆惘愕惠  惡惘悋 惘慍 愆惆
Cost and Benefits of a Geotechnical consultant

惠悴 惡惠惘
愕惆 惡愆惠惘

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺
Rotary coring

1. Site Investigation
2. Sampling
3. Drilling , Coring & Probing
 Rotary coring
 Percussion drilling
 Rock probing

4. In-situ Tests
5. Laboratory Tests

Percussion drilling

 Strength tests
 Durability Tests
 permeability Tests

6. Geophysical Investigations
 Seismic Methods
 Gravity Methods
 Electrical, Electro-magnetic and 
Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺
7. Mathematical Equations from Solid Mechanics
Hookes Law: strain is directly proportional to stress
Stress: quantity proportional to force
Strain: recoverable deformation (elastic)
Moduli express the relationship between stress and strain

Shear Modulus 亮

Modulus of elasticity or Youngs Modulus E
Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺
7. Mathematical Equations from Solid Mechanics
Uniaxial compression is not only subject to length reduction, but also expansion

Poissons Ratio v

At isotropic compression by pressure change exists volume change
Compression Modulus K

Compressibility 硫 or 虜
Moduli are expressed in pressure units (Pa or N/m族), except for v (dimensionless)
Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺
8. Empirical methods
Various classifications of rocks for
 Stability of rock mass
 Support

9. Numerical Methods

 Finite Element Method
 Boundary Element Methods

10. Modelling
 Equivalent Continuum Modelling of Jointed Rock Mass
 Geomechanical Modelling
 Rock probing

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺

悋愕 愀悋惺

Scale of Observations

惆惘 惡愆惠惘 愀悋惺悋惠 悴惠 惆惘擧 惡惠惘 惘悋惆悋 慍 愆悋愕 惡悋愕惠 惡惘惘愕悋 惆惘
悋愕 擧擧 悋悴悋 擯惘惆.
拆愆 惡 惘惠悋惘悋 悋擧惘愕擧拆擧 惡惘 悋愕悋愕 悛 悋愕惠 擧 惡愀惘 慍擧 惆惘 悋愕

擧惘愕擧拆擧 惘悽  惆惆.
Mechanistic rather than Phenomenological Approach
惘悋擧悋惘 擧悋擧 惡悴悋 拆惆惆 愆悋悽惠

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
7. 悴悋惺  擧悋擧 愕擯
:愆 悋 悋悴惠悋惺
 悋悴悋惆 惘愆悋 拆愆惘惠 愀悋惺悋惠  惠忰悋惠
 悛慍愆 忰 悴悋
) 悋悴惘悋 擧悋惘擯悋 悋 悛慍愆  擧惘悋愕 悋 (愀 悋 忰
 惠  惠惆 悴悋惠 擧惠悋惡 悋 惠悽惶惶  惡惘愆惘悋
: 悋悴悋惆 悋悴悋  惘悋悋 惘惠惡愀 惡惘悋 惓悋
ISRM (1966): International Society for Rock Mechanics
ARMA (2002): American Rock Mechanics Association
SRMEG (1998): Society For Rock Mechanics & Engineering Geology
IRSRM (1994): Iranian Society for Rock Mechanics
CARMA (1999): CAnadian Rock Mechanics Association And ...

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
7. 悴悋惺  擧悋擧 愕擯

惘悋悋 惺 惆惘 慍 擧悋擧 愕擯
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (IF: 1.2)
Original Research, New Developments and Case Studies in Rock Mechanics and
Rock Engineering for Mining and Civil Applications
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (IF: 1.16)
Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (JRMGE)
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
8. 悋惡惺  惘悋悴惺

1. T Ramamurthy (2008). Engineering in Rocks for Slopes,
Foundations and Tunnels (2nd edition). Indian Institute of
Technology Delhi, 731 pp. Chapter 1: pages 1-2,
Chapter 2: pages 36- 46
2. S Chandra (2010). Lectures on Rock Mechanics.
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology Kanpur, 35 PP.
3. www.wikipedia.org
4. D Faulkner (2010). Lectures on Rock Mechanics and
Engineering Geosciences, 33 pp.

Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels

More Related Content

1.rock mechanics.introduction

  • 1. 惆愕 愕擯悋 惡惘悋 愆惡悋 拆 悋 惠悋 Pictures from: http://www.cmrockeng.com/services.html Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 2. 1. 惆 愕悗悋悋惠 悋愕悋愕 惆惘 擧悋擧 愕擯 1. 擧悋擧 愕擯 愕惠 2. 惆 悋慍 擧悋擧 愕擯 愕惠 3. 悋 悋愀悋惺悋惠 悽悋 惡惆愕惠 悛惘 4. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋慍 愕擯悋 惘悋 惠悋 悋惆悋慍 擯惘惠 5. 惘愆悋 惡惘悋 惠惺 悽惶惶悋惠 愕擯悋 悋愕惠悋惆 愆惆 6. 慍 惆惘 悋惠悋 悋 惆惘愕 悋惆 悽悋 擯惘惠 (愕悗悋 擧惆) Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 3. 1. 惆 惘悋悴惺 惆惘愕 Official test book: T Ramamurthy (2008). Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels (2nd edition). Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 731 pp. Additional information: John A. Hudson & John P. Harrison (2000). Engineering Rocks Mechanics: An Introduction to the Principals (2nd edition). Imperial Colledge of Science, technology and Medicien, University of London 458pp. Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 4. 2. 擧悋擧 愕擯 愕惠 - - - 惡惘悋 悋 惡悋惘 :ASEG惘惠悋惘 擧悋擧 惺 擧悋惘惡惘惆 愕擯悋 愀惡 惠惺惘 悋悽惘 :ISRM擧 愀悋惺悋惠 惘惠惡愀 惡悋 惘惠悋惘 慍擧 擧悋擧 愕擯悋 惠惆 愕擯悋 擧悋惘惡惘惆 悛 惡惘悋 惆惘擧 惡惠惘 惘悋惆悋 慍 愆悋愕 慍 悋 惆愕 惆愕 愕擯: 惘惠惡愀 惡悋 惡惘惘愕 悛慍悋愆 惠忰 愀惘悋忰 愕悋慍 惴悋惘惠 惡惘 悋悴惘悋 愕悋悽惠悋 惆愕 惆悋悽 悋 惡惘 惘 惠惆 愕擯悋 擧 悋 惺悋 惡愕惠擯 惡: 悽惶惶悋惠 惆愕 惠惆 愕擯 擯擯 惠惺悋 悛 惡悋 愕悋慍 惆愕 ASEG: Australian Society of Exploration Geophysics, ISRM: International Society for Rock Mechanics Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 5. 3. 惆 悋慍 擧悋擧 愕擯 1) 惡惘悋 愀惘悋忰 愕悋慍 悋: 惠惺 惶悋忰惠 悋惠 拆悋惆悋惘 惠惆 愕擯 惡惘悋 惠忰 惡悋惘 愕悋慍 悋愕悋悽惠 愆惆 惡惘 惘 悛 (愕愀忰 悋 慍惘慍) - 悋惘慍悋惡 悽惶惶悋惠 悋悋惺 忰悋惘 愀悋惺悋惠 悋忰惆悋惓 悴悋惆 悽悋慍 惆 慍惡悋 ... 悋惘慍悋惡 悽悋愀惘悋惠 慍 愆悋愕 (愕 慍慍 ...) 悋惠悽悋惡 悋惆 愕悋悽惠悋 悋惠悽悋惡 忰 愕悋慍 惠忰 拆悋惆悋惘 愀惘悋忰 惺悋惠 忰悋惘 愕愕惠 擯惆悋惘惆 惡惘悋 悋 愆擧愕惠 惆惘擧 悋惡慍悋惘 惆 ... 愀惘悋忰 愕悋悽惠 愕悋慍 悋 惆愕 惆惘 悋悋惺 愕擯悋 愀悋惺悋惠 惠愃惘愆擧 愕擯悋 惆惘 愆悋惘 悋 忰惘悋惘惠 惡悋悋 2) 愆悋愕悋 惘悋惆悋 慍 愆悋愕 悋惘慍悋惡 擧悋慍 擯愕悋 愀悋惺悋惠 悋惠 惠愕惘- 悋惘慍悋惡 擯擯 悋惠愆悋惘 悋悋悴 擧悋惘惡惘惆 惆惘 慍 悋 悽惠 惆愕: 慍 愆悋愕 惺惆 惠 悧慍擧 惺惘悋 (悋悴惘悋惠悋 悴悋惆 悋 惺悋惆 悽悋慍 慍惘慍 悋 悋 惠 擯悋慍 悧惠惘悋 悋惘 愕惠 悋 ...) Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 6. 4.悋愀悋惺悋惠 惘惆 惴惘 擯擯 悋擧愆 愕擯 惆惘 惡惘悋惡惘 悋愕惠惘愕悋 悋惘惆 (愀惡惺 悋 惶惺) 慍悋 惴惘惠 惠忰 愕擯 ( 惆惘 愕愀忰 悋 惆惘 惺) 惘悋 悋惠 惡惘愆 愕擯 擯擯 惘惠悋惘 愕擯 惠忰惠 惡悋惘擯悵悋惘 拆悋 ( )Dynamic 惘慍 悋 惆 悋悋愕惠愕惠 愕擯 愕惠 擯 惡惆愕惠 悛惆 悋惓惘悋惠 愕愀忰 惷惺 (惶忰悋惠 悋 惡惆 惠惘 愆愕惠慍惠 惆惘慍 愆擧悋 忰惘悋惠 惆擯惘悋拆愕惠擯 悋) 惡惘 悋惠 愕擯 愕惠 - 擧悋慍 悋 愆擧愕惠 愕擯 悋 愕惠惆 Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 7. 5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘 1. 愕 愕擯 2. 惺 悋慍惆擯 愕擯 3. 愆悖 悴愕 愕擯 4. 愆悋悽惶悋 悋惠 愕擯 惡擧惘 5. 愆悋悽惶悋 悋惠 惠惆 愕擯 悋惓惘 惘 擧 惡惘 悋惠 惠惆 愕擯 Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 8. 5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘 Geological time scale 1. 愕 愕擯悋 Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 9. 5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘 2. 惺 悋慍惆擯 Engineering classification of weathered rock Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 10. 5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘 3. 愆悖 悴愕 愕擯 Primary Rock Types by Geologic Origin Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 11. 5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘 4. 愆悋悽惶悋 悋惠 愕擯 惡擧惘 Index Properties of Intact Rock Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 12. 5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘 4.1. 慍 悽惶惶 Specific Gravity of Rock Minerals Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 13. 5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘 4.2. 慍 悋忰惆 忰悴 Unit Weights of Rocks Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 14. 5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘 4.3. 惠悽悽 悵拆悵惘 1. Effects of Porosity 2. Relationship with Other Parameters 3. Porosity vs. Permeability Pictures: www.engr.usask.ca Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 15. 5. 悽惶惶悋惠 悋惡 悋惆悋慍 擯惘 Rock Mass Indexes 5. 愆悋悽惶悋 悋惠 惠惆 愕擯 * Description of Joints: Orientation, Persistence, Roughness, Wall Strength, Aperture, Filling, Seepage, Number of sets, Block size, spacing. Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 16. 6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺 惡惘惘愕悋 悧惠擧擧: 擯 愆惘惺 擧 "惡惘悋 惘慍 惡惘悋 惘慍 惡惘悋 惘慍" 惡惘悋 惘慍 惡惘悋 擧 惠悴 悋惡 惡 惡惘惘愕 愀悋惺悋惠 惡 惡惘惘愕 惡惠惘 悋愕惡惠惘 惘愆 惡惘惘愕 愆擧悋惠 愀 惺 愀惘忰 (悴愕惠擧) 愀悋惺 惆 愆悋愕悋 悋 愀惘忰 惡惘悋 惘慍 惡惘悋 愕惆 悋惡 惡 惆惘 惴惘 擯惘惠 悛悋惆擧 悋 惶惺惠 惡惆 愀惘忰 惆惘 惴惘 擯惘惠 慍 悋 拆愆 惡 愆惆 惠悋悽惘悋惠 ... Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 17. 6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺 金惠惺 悋惆悋: 惺 悋惡惺悋惆 愕惘惺惠 惆惠 慍悋 金惠惺 忰惆惆惠 悋: 悋擧悋悋惠 悋惠惶悋惆 愕悋愕 悋悴惠悋惺 悵惡 金惠惺 愆悽惶悋惠 愀惘忰 金惠惺 愆悽惶悋惠 慍 愆悋愕 悧惠擧擧 金惠惺 悋惠悽悋惡 惘愆 悋愕惡: 惺惠 愀惘忰 悋惺 擯擯 悋擧惠愕悋惡 惆悋惆 悋 拆惘惆悋慍愆 悵悽惘 愕悋慍 擧悋惘惡惘惆 悛悋 Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 18. 6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺 悋悴惘悋 惆惘愕惠 惡惘悋 惘慍 愆惆 Cost and Benefits of a Geotechnical consultant 惠悴 惡惠惘 愕惆 惡愆惠惘 Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 19. 6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺 Rotary coring 1. Site Investigation 2. Sampling 3. Drilling , Coring & Probing Rotary coring Percussion drilling Rock probing 4. In-situ Tests 5. Laboratory Tests Percussion drilling Strength tests Durability Tests permeability Tests 6. Geophysical Investigations Seismic Methods Gravity Methods Electrical, Electro-magnetic and Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 20. 6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺 7. Mathematical Equations from Solid Mechanics Hookes Law: strain is directly proportional to stress Stress: quantity proportional to force Strain: recoverable deformation (elastic) Moduli express the relationship between stress and strain Shear Modulus 亮 Modulus of elasticity or Youngs Modulus E Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 21. 6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺 7. Mathematical Equations from Solid Mechanics Uniaxial compression is not only subject to length reduction, but also expansion Poissons Ratio v At isotropic compression by pressure change exists volume change Compression Modulus K Compressibility 硫 or 虜 Moduli are expressed in pressure units (Pa or N/m族), except for v (dimensionless) Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 22. 6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺 8. Empirical methods Various classifications of rocks for Stability of rock mass Support 9. Numerical Methods Finite Element Method Boundary Element Methods 10. Modelling Equivalent Continuum Modelling of Jointed Rock Mass Geomechanical Modelling Rock probing Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 23. 6. 惘愆悋 愀悋惺 悋愕 愀悋惺 Scale of Observations 惆惘 惡愆惠惘 愀悋惺悋惠 悴惠 惆惘擧 惡惠惘 惘悋惆悋 慍 愆悋愕 惡悋愕惠 惡惘惘愕悋 惆惘 悋愕 擧擧 悋悴悋 擯惘惆. 拆愆 惡 惘惠悋惘悋 悋擧惘愕擧拆擧 惡惘 悋愕悋愕 悛 悋愕惠 擧 惡愀惘 慍擧 惆惘 悋愕 擧惘愕擧拆擧 惘悽 惆惆. Mechanistic rather than Phenomenological Approach 惘悋擧悋惘 擧悋擧 惡悴悋 拆惆惆 愆悋悽惠 Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 24. 7. 悴悋惺 擧悋擧 愕擯 :愆 悋 悋悴惠悋惺 悋悴悋惆 惘愆悋 拆愆惘惠 愀悋惺悋惠 惠忰悋惠 悛慍愆 忰 悴悋 ) 悋悴惘悋 擧悋惘擯悋 悋 悛慍愆 擧惘悋愕 悋 (愀 悋 忰 惠 惠惆 悴悋惠 擧惠悋惡 悋 惠悽惶惶 惡惘愆惘悋 : 悋悴悋惆 悋悴悋 惘悋悋 惘惠惡愀 惡惘悋 惓悋 ISRM (1966): International Society for Rock Mechanics ARMA (2002): American Rock Mechanics Association SRMEG (1998): Society For Rock Mechanics & Engineering Geology IRSRM (1994): Iranian Society for Rock Mechanics CARMA (1999): CAnadian Rock Mechanics Association And ... Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 25. 7. 悴悋惺 擧悋擧 愕擯 惘悋悋 惺 惆惘 慍 擧悋擧 愕擯 International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (IF: 1.2) Original Research, New Developments and Case Studies in Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering for Mining and Civil Applications Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (IF: 1.16) Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (JRMGE) Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels
  • 26. 8. 悋惡惺 惘悋悴惺 1. T Ramamurthy (2008). Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels (2nd edition). Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 731 pp. Chapter 1: pages 1-2, Chapter 2: pages 36- 46 2. S Chandra (2010). Lectures on Rock Mechanics. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 35 PP. 3. www.wikipedia.org 4. D Faulkner (2010). Lectures on Rock Mechanics and Engineering Geosciences, 33 pp. Engineering in Rocks for Slopes, Foundations and Tunnels