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전기.컴퓨터 이야기
작성자: 김명수
2015년 문정 초등학교 2학년 7반 명예 교사 수업
선생님 소개
저는 직업은 컴퓨터 프로그래머입니다.
“양치기 소년” 이야기
• 양치기 소년
• 늑대
• 양
• 마을 사람
등장 인물
오늘의 임무
늑대로부터 양을 잘 지
킬 수 있는 기계를 만들
기 바란다.
- 이상 끝 -
늑대 알림 기계 설계
늑대가
왔는지 감지
늑대가 감지되면
소리로 알림
우리 생활 주변의 여러 형태의 컴퓨터
우리 생활 주위에 여러 형태
의 컴퓨터가 사용됩니다.
컴퓨터는 전기가 필요해요.
컴퓨터를 사용하기 위해
서는 꼭 전기가 필요합니
다.
ѫ 제품이 작동하기 위
해서는 왜 전기가 필요할
까요?
전기란 무엇일까요?
• 전기가 눈에 보입니까?
• 전기 냄새를 맡을 수 있습니까?
• 전기 느낄 수 있습니까?
전기의 최초 발견
고대 그리스에 마그넷이라는 양치기 목동
이 쇠 막대기를 끌어 당기는 신기한 돌멩
이를 발견했습니다.
전지의 발견
1800년 이탈리아의 볼타라는 사
람이 볼타 전지를 발명했습니다.
드디어 인류는 전기를 담을 수 있
게 돼 이후 획기적인 전기 기술 발
달을 이룰 수 있었습니다.
ѫ
전기의 특징
• 전선을 통해서 다닙니다.
(도체: 금속, 물)
• 전기가 흐르는 속도는 아주 빠릅니다.
전기의 속도는‘빛의 속도’(1초에 30만km)
1초에 지구를 7바퀴 반 도는 속도와 같습니다.
• 전기는 자석과 밀접한 관련이 있습니다.
전기의 이해
전기 물
전선으로 흐름 수로로 흐름
+극에서 –극으로 높은 곳에서 낮은 곳으로
전기의 세기를 전압이라
고 함
물 흐름의 세기를 수압이
라고 함
전기를 이용하기 위해 필요한 것?
• 전기를 다루기 위해서는 원할 때 켜고 끌 수 있어야 하
고 원하는 방향으로 흐르게 할 수 있어야 합니다.
전기 켜고 끄기(실험)
• 전기를 켜고 끄기 위해서는 스위치가 필요합니다.
부저 울림(실험)
• 전구를 부저로 바꾼 후 스위치를 눌러 소리가 나는지
시험한다.
전기를 내 맘대로 부리기
=
• 트랜지스터를 사용해 전기를 마음대로 부릴 수 있게 되
었습니다.
트랜지스터 스위치
• 트랜지스터 입력, 출력, 신호선 3개의 연결선이 있습니다.
• 신호선에 신호를 주면 스위치를 누를 때와 같이 원래 연
결이 되지 않았던 다른 두 선이 연결됩니다.
신호
출력 입력
물체 감지 센서
• 물체가 주위에 있는지 알기 위해 소리를 쏴서 반사 되
는지를 감지하는 초음파 센서를 사용합니다.
“늑대 알림이” 완성
물체가 가까
이 있는지 감
지하는 센서
소리를 내는
부저
달라진 “양치기 소년” 이야기
임무 완수
• 잘 관찰하고 생각한다면 훌륭하고 멋진 물건을
만들 수 있습니다.
• 훌륭한 과학자가 여러분 중에 많이 나오기를
바랍니다.
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전기컴퓨터이야기 초등2