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l ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????.
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??? ??????(Legal Code)? ???? ?? ??? ????.
Disclaimer

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ADHD??? ??
????? ???????? ??? ?? ??
A Study on the Effect of the Music Therapy Program
for the Institutionalized Children with ADHD
????? ???? ???
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? ? ?
2009???

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ADHD??? ??
????? ???????? ??? ?? ??
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? ? ?

ADHD??? ??
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2009? 8?

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????? (?)
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2009? 8?

? ?
??? ····················································································································ⅳ
???? ················································································································ⅵ
?? ?? ··············································································································ⅶ
?1? ?? ············································································································ 1
?1? ??? ??? ? ?? ······································································ 1
?2? ??? ?? ·························································································· 3
?3? ??? ??? ······················································································ 3
?2? ??? ?? ······························································································ 5
?1? ADHD? ??? ?? ······································································· 5
1. ADHD? ?? ?? ·········································································· 5
2. ??? ?? ························································································· 7
3. ADHD? ?? ···················································································· 8
4. ADHD??? ???? ·································································· 12
5. ADHD? ?? ·················································································· 13
6. ADHD??? ?? ???? ························································ 15
?2? ????? ??? ??? ······························································ 16
1. ????? ??? ··········································································· 19
2. ????????? ??????? ??? ····························· 22
?3? ????? ??? ?? ·································································· 24
1. ????? ?? ··············································································· 24
2. ????? ?? ··············································································· 25
3. ????? ?? ··············································································· 27
4. ADHD??? ?? ????? ?? ·········································· 29
5. ADHD? ?? ????? ?? ???? ································ 31
- i -

?3? ?? ?? ·································································································· 40
?1? ???? ······························································································ 40
1. ??????? ?? ······································································· 40
2. ???? ····························································································· 41
?2? ???? ? ???? ······································································ 42
1. ???? ····························································································· 42
2. ???? ····························································································· 43
?3? ???? ······························································································ 43
1. ?? ?? ··························································································· 43
2. ?? ?? ··························································································· 43
?4? ????? ?? ················································································ 46
1. ??? ???? ????? ?? ··············································· 46
2. ??? ???? ?? ····································································· 47
3. ???? ····························································································· 49
?5? ??? ?? ························································································ 50
?4? ?? ?? ·································································································· 52
?1? ????? ADHD??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?
? ·············································································································· 52
?2? ????? ADHD??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ··········· 64
?3? ????? ADHD??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ······· 77
?4? ????? ??? ············································································ 88
?5? ?? ············································································································ 90
?1? ???? ···························································································· 90
?2? ?? ······································································································ 91
- ii -

???? ················································································································ 93
ABSTRACT ·········································································································· 98
?? ······················································································································ 101
- iii -

? ? ?
<? 1> ????? ? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ··········· 15
<? 2> ????? ?? ··············································································· 40
<? 3> ???? ····························································································· 45
<? 4> ??? ???? ????? ?? ··············································· 46
<? 5> ???? ???? ???? ? ?? ········································· 47
<? 6> ??????? ?? ······································································· 50
<? 7> ????? ??? ··········································································· 53
<? 8> ????? ?? ?? T-TEST ······················································ 53
<? 9> ????? ?? ????? (?????) ································· 54
<? 10> ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? (?????) ··················· 54
<? 11> ???? ?? ??? (?????) T-TEST ··························· 55
<? 12> ??????(?????) ???? ··········································· 55
<? 13> ??????(?????) T-TEST ············································· 56
<? 14> ??? ??? ················································································· 65
<? 15> ??? ?? ?? T-TEST ···························································· 65
<? 16> ????? ?? ????? (???) ······································· 66
<? 17> ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? (???) ··························· 66
<? 18> ???? ?? ??? (???) T-TEST ··································· 67
<? 19> ??????(???) ???? ··················································· 67
<? 20> ??????(???) T-TEST ····················································· 68
<? 21> ???? ??? ··········································································· 77
<? 22> ???? ?? ?? T-TEST ························································ 77
<? 23> ????? ?? ????? (????) ··································· 78
- iv -

<? 24> ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? (????) ······················· 78
<? 25> ???? ?? ??? (????) T-TEST ······························· 79
<? 26> ??????(????) ???? ··············································· 80
<? 27> ??????(????) T-TEST ················································· 80
<? 28> ???? ???? ?? T-TEST ················································ 89
- v -

? ? ? ?
<?? 1> ?? ?? ······················································································· 44
<?? 2> ????? ??? ??? ························································· 53
<?? 3> ???? ????? (?????) ??? ····························· 54
<?? 4> ??????(?????) ??? ············································· 56
<?? 5> ??? ??? ??? ································································· 65
<?? 6> ???? ????? (???) ??? ····································· 66
<?? 7> ??????(???) ??? ····················································· 68
<?? 8> ???? ??? ??? ····························································· 77
<?? 9> ???? ????? (????) ??? ································· 79
<?? 10> ??????(????) ??? ··············································· 80
- vi -

- vii -
? ? ? ?
??? ?????? ????? ???? ????, ????, ???
??, ??? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??
?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???. ??? ???
???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????
???, ? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???, ???,
?? ???, ??? ??, ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???
??.
? ???? ADHD ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?
???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??. ??
??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??
??? ?? ??? ? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????
???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??.
?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ADHD ?
?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ? ???
? ???? ? ?? ??? ???, ?????? ???? ?????
????? ??? ???? ??? ????. ??? ??? ?? ??
?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??
?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??
?? ?????? ????? ??. ??? ADHD ??? ??????
???? ?? ?????·???·???? ?? ?????? ????
?? ??, ????? ???? ??·???? ???? ???? ??
?? ?? ????.
? ??? ??? ADHD? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?

??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ? ?????, ???,
????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??.
???? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??????
ADHD? ???? ???? 10?? ?? ? ??? ????????
(ACRS)? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? 6?? ?
??? ???? ????. ?????? ???, ??????? ???
? ?? ?? ???? ??? DSM-Ⅳ? ????? ? ??? ???
ADHD ???? ????, ?????? ???, ????? ????
?? ??? ADDES-SV? ???? ?????? 2008? 8??? 2009?
1?? ?? ??? ?????. ???? ?? ??? ????? ???
? 20? ?? ????? ???? ? ????? ?????, ????
1?? ? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ??
? ??? ??? ???? ?? t-test? ???? ?????.
? ?? ????????? ??? ADHD ??? ?????? ??
? ?????? ??? ? ????? ??? ?????. ??? ??
??????? ADHD ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????
???? ????????? ?? 1?? ?? ?? ????? ? ??
?????? ???, ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???.
?? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ????.
????? ???, ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???
? ???, ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ? ??. ???
ADHD ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ? ??
? ???? ????? ????? ???? ? ?? ???? ???
??? ??? ? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????
ADHD????? ???? ?????? ??? ? ?? ???.
- viii -

- 1 -
?1? ??
?1? ??? ??? ? ??
Attention deficit & Hyperactivty Disorder(?? ADHD)? ?? ???
??? ???? ????? ?? ?????·????·???? ???
??? ???, ??? ??? ?? ??? ADHD ???? ???. ?
?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?
??, ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???
? ??. ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? 6-7%?, ???
?? ???? ??? ?? 4~5? ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ???
? ??(???, 2008).
ADHD? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???, ???? ?
?? ????? ?? ??? ?????, ??? ??? ??? ???
?? ????? ??? ??(O'Leary et. al, 1978). ?? ??? ?? ?
???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??
ADHD? ???? 2? ?? ?? ????(???, 2008), ??·???
?·??? ??·????·???? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ???
? ??(???, 2008).
?? ??????? ADHD ???? ??? ???? ??. ?? ?
? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??
?? ???? ??. ??? ADHD ???? ??? ???? ????
??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??. ??????
? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???
???? ? ???? ??? ??? ?? ‘??’? ???? ‘????
?’ ?? ‘?? ?? ??’? ??????? ??? ??.

?????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?
? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?
?(???, 1999). ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???, ?
?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ? ?? ????? ??
?? ??? ??. ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???
? ???·??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??
? ???. ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???
??? ??? ???, ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?
?? ?? ???? ????(???, 1988). ?? ?? ??? ????
??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???
???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ? ?? ???? ???
???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????. ?? ????
? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ? ?? ??? ?
?? ??. ??? ???? ADHD? ?? ????? ?? ? ???
?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??.
?? ?? ADHD? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?
? ?? ?????? ???? ??. ? ???? ?? ????? ??
? ADHD? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??. ?? ???? ?????
??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??
(Madsen and Alley, 1979). ?? ??? ????? ????? ???
?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???, ??
? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?
??? ?????? ??? ???? ? ? ?? ???? ??? ??
??? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????(Cripe, 1986). ??
???????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??·????·?
- 2 -

??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???·???·??? ??
?? ??? ????? ??. ?? ?? ????? ????? ADHD
???? ??? ? ? ??, ???? ???? ??? ?? ????
???? ??? ??? ???? ? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??
?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ? ??.
????? ADHD ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????·?
??·???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??, ????? ??
?? ??·???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????.
?? ? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????
????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??
??? ??? ??? ????? ????, ??? ????? ADHD
??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??
- 3 -
? ????? ????? ???.
?2? ??? ??
? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???, ????
??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???.
?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??.
??, ????????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???.
??, ????????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???.
??, ????????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???.
?3? ??? ???
??, ? ??? ????? ??? S???? ?? ?????? ??
??? ??? ? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ??.

??, ??? ?? ??? ??? ADHD ??? ??????? ? ?
???? ??? ????? ????? ????.
??, ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ? ?? ????
? ?? ????, ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??
? ??? ???? ??? ? ??.
??, ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????
?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ? ??? ???? ????
- 4 -
???.
???: ADHD, ????, ????, ??? ??, ???,
????.

- 5 -
?2? ??? ??
?1? ADHD? ??? ??
1. ADHD? ?? ??
ADHD(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)? ??? ??, ??
??, ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??
???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???
? ???? ????? ???? ??. ?? ?????? ??? ??
? ?? ??????? ADHD ???? ? 3-8% ???? ?? 2008?
? ??? ???? ‘??? ?? ???’???? ?? ????? ??
?? ??· ????? ??? ?? 15.3%?? ADHD ??? ????
??? ??? ?? ???? ? 3-9??? ? ?? ????. ????
? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???
? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ? ??? ??? ADHD ????
???(2008)? ??? ??? 100?? 3～5?? ?????? ??? ?
??? 2? ?? ?? ?? 10? ????. ?? ????? ???
ADHD ???? ?? ??? ?? 2003??? 6? ??? ??? ??
??? ?? 3～4?? 60? ??? 10??? ???? ??.
ADHD? ????? ???, ??, ???, ?? ?? ???? ???
(???, 2003) ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????
????? ???? ??, ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???
????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ? ??? ????
? ??? ??. ???? ?????? ?? ??? 50%? ADHD ??

? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ADHD ??? ???? ?? 75%?
?? ??? ??? 23～45%? ????, 27%? ????, 25%? ???
? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??, ???? ?
?? ???? ?? ??? ????.
ADHD? ??? ???, ??? ???? ?? ? ??? ????.
?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?
??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?
- 6 -
?? ??? ??.
??? ????? ??? ???(hyperactivity)? ???(impulsivity)
?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???, ?? ???? ????
? ??? ????, ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???
???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??(???, 1992).
?? ?? ???? DSM-IV??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?
?. ?????? ???, ???, ??? ???? ???? ?? ???
???? ???, ?????, ????? ??? ???? ???, ??
?? ? ??, ?? ??? ? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??.
????? ???? ?????, ?? ???? ??? ??? ???,
????? ??? ???? ????. ???? ???? ??? ? ?
???, ???? ?? ??? ??, ????? ??? ????? ??
? ??? ? ?? ???, ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??
? ???(???·???? 1998).
?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????, ?? ??? ???
?? ADHD? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?
? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?
?? ????? ????? ? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???

?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ‘????? ????? ???
? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??’?(???, 1999) ???,
‘????? ????? ???? ??? ? ?? ?? ? ? ??? ?
? ??? ??? ??? ??’? ??(???, 1999) ???? ?? ??
? ? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ADHD ???? ??
? ?? ? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ? ????? ??
? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ? ??? ????.
- 7 -
2. ??? ??
1) ??????
???????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??
? ???? ??24?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???(??
???, ????? ??? ?2? ?3?). ??? ???? ????? ?
?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? 3? ?? 18? ??? ???
???? ???? ???? ???(?????, 1996). ??? ??? ?
? ??? ? ????? ??? ??? ??? ? ?? ???? ??
????? ??? ? ?? ?? ????.
???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?
?? ?? ??, ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??
??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??(Kadushin, 1980)? ???.
? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???.
2) ADHD??
? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?????
?? ?????? ???? ??? ? ???? ? ??? ? ????
???(?????)? ????, ???? ??? ??? ???.

- 8 -
3) ?????
? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??
?? ??? ???. ?, ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???
?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??, ????? ?? ??
? ?? ??, ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?
?? ????.
4) ???
? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ? ? ?? ??
? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???. ?
? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??
?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????.
5) ????
????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?
? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??, ???? ??? ???. ??
?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?
???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????.
6) ??? ??
??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???
?? ?? ????? ??? ? ??? ? ????? ??? ??? ?
? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?
?, ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???.
3. ADHD? ??
?? ?? ???(American Psychiatric Association: APA)???
ADHD? ??? ?? ???? ??.

"ADHD? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?
???? ? ??? ? ???? ??? (?????)? ????, ???
? ??? ????."
ADHD ??? ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ???? ?? ? ???
- 9 -
??? ?? ????.
1) ??? ??
(1) ??? ?? (inattention)
??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ? ?
? ??? ???. ADHD ???? ?? ???? ?? ? ?? ?? ?
(Attention span)? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??
? ? ????. ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???
??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ? ?? ??? ??? ???
? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ADHD ??? ?? ????
? ?? ??? ?? ??. ADHD ??? ???? ???? ????
??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???
???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??. ‘??? ?? ???
? ?? ? ??.’, ‘??? ??? ??? ? ??’, ‘???? ? ??’,
‘???? ?? ????? ??’ ? ?? ???.
(2) ??? (Impulsivity)
???? ??? ??? ??? ? ???? ??? ?? ???. ??
? ???? ? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???
?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??
? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????
? ??. ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??
? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?

? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??. 1966?
Kagan? ????? ????? ???? ? ???? ?? ???? ?
?? ? ????. ?? ‘?? ?? ??’ ?? ???? ADHD ???
?? ??? ???? ?? 1.7?? ?? ??? ???? ??? 2??
??? ?? ??? ????. ????? ??? ???? ?? ???
?? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?
- 10 -
? ??.
(3) ???? (Hyperactivity)
????? ???? ???? ?? ???. ?? ADHD? ?? ? ?
??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??. ??? ??? ?
?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????
?? ??? ??? ??????. ?? ???? ??? ‘??????
???? ???’, ‘?? ?? ?? ??’, ‘?????’, ‘???? ???’,
‘???? ?????? ???’ ?? ??? ??? ???. ? ? ??
??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??
?? ????? ADHD ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?????
? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??.
(4) ??? ??
ADHD ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??
??, ???? ??? ??, ??? ??? ???? ?? ???, ??
? ?? ??? ????. ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???
???? ??? ???? ??? ? ??? ??? ????, ?? ??
??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??
? ??? ????? ???? ??(???·???, 1996). ??? ??
?? ??? ?? ??, ??? ? ?? ???? ???? ??? ? ?

??? ???, ??? ? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??
?? ??, ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????,
????? ???? ??? ??. ? ???? ADHD ??? ??? ?
??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ? ? ??. ADHD ??? ???
???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??, ??? ?? ?????
?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????
? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??. ??? ??? ??? ADHD ???
??? ??? ???, ??? ????, ?? ???? ???? ???
?? ?? ADHD ??? ???? ? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??.
ADHD ??? ??, ??, ??, ?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???
?? ? ???? ??? ????. ???? ???? ??? ????
???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?
??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?
?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??
??? ????? ? ? ??.
- 11 -
2) ??? ??
ADHD ???? ??? ??, ???, ?????? ?? ?? ???
?, ??, ??, ???? ????? ???, ?? ???, ?? ? ??
??? ??? ?? ??. ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??
? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???
?? ??? ? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?
??? ??. ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??
? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?
??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?
?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??, ??, ??? ?

?? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??. ???
??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ? ?? ??? ???? ?
????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??
? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??, ???? ??? ???
???? ??. ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??
? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ? ADHD
??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ? ????.
- 12 -
4. ADHD ??? ????
ADHD? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ? ?? ??? ?
?? ?? ??? ? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?
??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?
??? ???? ???? ??? ? ?? ???? ??(???, 2004).
??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ADHD?
??? ? ? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??.
1) ??? ??
ADHD ??? ? 20-30%? ??? ?? ?? ADHD? ??? ??
? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ADHD? ??
??? 60-70%? ??? ?? ???(Barkley, 1989) ADHD? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ????, ??? ? ?????? ??? ?? ??
??? ???? ???? ??(Hauser, 1993). ??? ADHD ???
60-70% ? ADHD? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ? ??
?? ?????? ADHD? ??? ????? ???.
2) ?? ??, ?? ??? ??? ??
?? ?, ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??, ??? ???? ?

??? ??? ??? ADHD? ??? ????? ??? ?????
??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??, ??, ??
? ???? ????, ????, ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?
?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ADHD ???? ???? ?? ???
ADHD? ??? ? ? ??? ????. ?? ??? ????? ???
?(dopamine) ???????(norepinephrine)? ??? ?? ??? ?
? ???? ???????? ??. ???? ???? ????? ??
? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????. ??? ?? ??? ?
??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ? ?? ??????? ???
ADHD ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??.
3) ???, ??? ??
??? ??? ? ADHD? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??
??? ??? ??? ????? ??. ??? ????, ??? ???
?, ????? ??, ???? ?? ? ??? ???? ???? ???
??, ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ? ??? ?? ?
??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ? ?? ?? ???? ??
??. ???, ???? ??? ADHD? ???? ???? ?????
??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?
??? ???? ??? ? ??(???·???, 1998).
- 13 -
5. ADHD? ??
1) DSM-Ⅳ
DSM-Ⅳ? ADHD ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???
????? ????. ?????? ????-??? ??, ? ?? ??
?? ???? ? ??? 9?? ??? ?????? ①????? ??

? ????-??? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ②??
????? ??? ???? ?? ③????-??? ??? ?? ???
? ??. ??? ? ?? ?????? ????. ??? ???? 7? ?
?? ????? ?? ? ?? ???? ?? 6?? ???? ??? ?
???? ??? ?? ???? ??.
2) ADHD? ??? ?? ??
??? ??? ???, ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???
? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?
?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????. ????? ?
??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??
? ???? ????. ???? ???? ??? ? ???? ????
?? ??? ??, ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ? ??
??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??. ??
?? ????(1998)? ??? ?? ???? <? 1>? ?? ???? ?
?.
- 14 -

<? 1> ????? ? ????????? ??? ?? ??
?? ??? ??
- 15 -
???? ??? ??? ??
??
*???? ??? ??? ???? ?
*???? ?? ???? ???? ?
* ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?
?, ?? ?? ??? ???
??? ??? ??
*??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?
*??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?
*?? 90? ?? ???? ?
??? ???? ??? ??
??
*? ??? ????? ???? ?
*? ??? ????? ???? ?
*? ?????? ??, ??, ???, ?? ?? ????
*???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?
??? ???? ???? ?
?
*???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?
*????? ???? ???? ??? ?
*???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?
???? ??? ???? ?
??? ?
*?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?
*?? ????? ??? ???? ?
*???? ??? ??? ????? ? ?
6. ADHD ??? ?? ????
1) ????
ADHD ??? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ????
??? 50%??? ??? ??? ??? ??. ? ?????? ?? ?
? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ????(d-amphetamin),
???????(methylphenidate)? ???? ??. ????? ADHD
???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???
? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???
? ? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??????
?? ADHD ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ? ? ??? ??

? ????(???, 2003), ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?
?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??
ADHD ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??. ??
? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???
??? ??? ???? ??? ???(???, 2004), ??? ??? ?
?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????.
- 16 -
2) ?? ??? ??
ADHD ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ? ?????
??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???. ??
???? ????? ????, ?? ????, ??? ??, ???? ?
? ????, ???? ??? ????, ??? ??? ?? ?? ???
??, ????? ?? ?? ??? ???. ??? ????? ????
? ?????? ?????? Hinshaw(1992)? ??? ??? ????
?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ADHD ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?
???? ????? ?????(???, 2004). ?? ??? ???? ?
??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ‘??’ ?? ‘??’? ???
? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??
????. ??????, ????, ???????, ??????, ???
???, ???? ?? ADHD ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??.
? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???
?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??(Barkley, 1990).
?2? ????? ??? ???
???? 2004? 3? 1?? ??? ??? 1990?~96? ???? ??

?? ??? ?? ?? ? ?????? ?? 4000~5000????. ???
???? ?? ???? ??? ???????? 5? 7000? ??? ?
???? ???? ??? ????. 2005? ? ???? ????? ?
????? ??? 1? 8018??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??
??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ? ? ??? ????. ?? ???? ?
?? ?? ?? ?? ??? 45%,??? ????? ??? ?? ??
25.4%? ???? ???? ??? ??? 20%? ????. ??? ??
? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?
?? ??? ?? ??? ? ? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??
? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ? ???.
?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????, ?
?? ???, ??? ???? ??, ?? ? ??? ??? ?? ???
??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??(???, 1991). ?
?? ????? ?? ? ???, ??, ??, ??? ?? ???? ??
?? ????? ?? ???? ? ? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?
?? ??? ???, ???(2000)? ?????? ? ?? ?? ???
??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??
? ? ?? ?? ?? ??, ??, ??, ???, ????, ??, ???
?? ? ?? ??? ????? ???. ??? ???? ??? ???
? ? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??, ??? ?????
???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??
??? ??? ??, ???, ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??
- 17 -
(???, 1999)? ???.
Erickson(1989)? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???
? 6??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???

? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????
Bowlby(1971)? ??? ??, ???, ??? ??? ??? ?? ???
? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????, ??
? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???
??. DSM-IV??? ??? ? ???? ????? ????? ???
?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ? ?
? ??? ? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???(???, 2000).
????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ? ? ??? ?
???? ???? ??? ? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?
??? ???? ??? ?? ??(???, 1997). ?? ?? ?????
? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????
??? ???? ????? ????. ?? ??? ?? ??? ???
? ??, ??, ???, ????? ???? ??. ?? ??? ????
????? ????? ??, ??? ??, ???? ??, ???? ??
?, ???? ??, ????? ?? ?? ???? ??(???, 1996).
????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???
?????? ???, ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??
? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??
?? ??? ??? ? ? ??. ?? ??????? ???, ????,
???? ??? ???? ? ?? ????? ???? ???, ???
?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ? ????
??? ???? ??? ???? ? ????? ??? ???? ???
??? ??? ? ? ??. ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??????
?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??
? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???
- 18 -

- 19 -
??.
????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?
??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????
?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??
?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ? ? ??.
?? ?? ??????? ?? ? ????? ????? ?? ??
????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??
???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????. ???????
??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???, ???, ???? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ? ??.
??? ? ??? ADHD ??????? ???? ? ????? ?
? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?
??? ??? ??? ????? ? ??? ?? ??.
1. ????? ???
?? ?????? ??? ???, ??? ??? ??? ??. ???
??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???(1981)? ???
?????? ?????? ???, ???, ???? ???? ?? ??
? ???? ??? ??????, ???(1995)? ????? ??? ?
?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?
?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??
??? ?? ??? ???.
????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??
?, ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??
?(???, 1994), ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???

???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???(???, 1970), ??
?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??
? ????(???, 1995), ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??
??? ???(???, 1987). ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????
? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??(D. Ziers, 1969). ??? ??? ??
??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???
? ??? ???, ???? ??? ?? ??? ???, ??? ????
?????? ? ? ??.
? ??? Bowlby(1965)? ?????? ????? ????? ??
? ??? ??? ??. ? ?????? ?????? ??? ????
? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???. ??? ??
?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????, ????? ??
? ??? ??, ???? ?? ??? ???? ??, ????, ???
?? ???, ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????(Goldfarb, 1955:
???, 1991), ???, ??? ??, ??? ??, ????? ??, ??
? ?? ???. ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????
? ???? ??? ??? ??(? ??????, 1970). ???(1982),
???(1982)?? ????? ?? ???? ???, ???, ???, ?
?, ??, ???, ???? ??, ??? ??? ? ?, ???, ?? ??
? ????, ????? ???, ??? ???? ????? ???. ?
? ??? ?? ???? ???, ???? ????? ????? ??
??, ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??
(John Bowlby, 1965).
? ???? ?????? ? ? ??. ??? ??? ???? ??
- 20 -

??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ? ?? ??? ???.
??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??, ??? ??,
??? ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???
????? ????? ? ?? ?? ???? ????. ?? ????
? ???? ????? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????
???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??
? ???? ????? ??? ????. ?? ??? ?? ???? ?
? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????, ??
?? ??? ??, ???? ??? ??? ???? ??(???, 1972).
?? Ziegler? Dalla(1972)? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?
??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ? ???,
?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??
? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???
? ? ??? ????? ??. ??? ??? ????? ?? ????
???? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?
??? ???? ? ? ???, ??? ???? ??? ???? ???
?, ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????(???, 1985).
? ??? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ???? ??? ?
?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??. ?? ???? ????? ??
? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??. ?? ??? ?????? ??
?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???
?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??
? ????? ??? ???. ?? ?? ???? ????? ????
? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????
???? ?? ??? ??? ??.
- 21 -

?????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???
???? ? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???
??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ? ??.
2. ????????? ?? ????? ???
??? ???? ???? ??? ??, ????? ?? ??? ??
?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??. ??? ????? ???
? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??
? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ??
? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ????
???? ???. ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?
?? ??? ??? ?????? ???, ???, ??? ???? ??
? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??. ?? ???? ??? ???? ?
? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??. ??? ??? ?
?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??
? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???
??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ? ?? ???.
??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????, ??? ???, ?
?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ? ??? ????? ????? ??
? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????
???? ??? ? ?? ???.
- 22 -
1) ?? ????
??? ???? ??? ?? ? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??
? ??? ??? ??. ??? ??? ??? ?? ??, ??? ???
?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???, ?? ?? ?? ?? ???,

??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??
??. ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????
???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???
??? ??? ??, ????? ???? ??? ????? ? ?? ?
?. ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ? ?? ??
? ??? ???? ? ?? ???, ??? ???? ??????? ?
? ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ????? ????? ? ???.
2) ?? ???
?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??. ??? ???? ?? ??
??, ??, ??, ???, ??? ???? ??? ? ??? ??? ??
?? ?? ??? ??. ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???
?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?
?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??. ??? ??
?? ???? ???? ? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?
????. ??, ??, ???? ?? ??, ?? ?? ??? ???? ?
?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ? ? ??? ??? ?? ???
- 23 -
? ?? ????.
3) ?? ?? ??
???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?
???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???, ?
?? ???? ?? ????? ???, ???, ???, ?? ????
? ???? ??? ???? ??. ??? ???? ????? ???
?? ??????, ????? ? ?????? ???????? ??
???. ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?
??, ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??

????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???, ??? ???
?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????. ??
?? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??
? ???? ?? ? ??? ???? ???? ????, ?? ? ??.
??. ????? ???? ??? ? ? ??? ???? ???? ??
?? ???.
?3? ????? ??? ??
- 24 -
1. ????? ??
??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?
? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????
? ?? ???. ??? ??? ? ??? ? ? ????? ? ???
??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?
? ??????. ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??
? ????? ????? ?? ????. ??? ???? ??? ??
???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?
? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ? ????? ?? ?? ?
? ? ? ??? ????? ???, ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?
?? ??? ? ?? ??.
1) ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???
?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????
(Bruscia.1993).
2) ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???
? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??

??? ??????(?? ??????. 2003).
3) ????? ???? ??, ? ??? ????? ?? ? ???
?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???(?? ????????,
- 25 -
1980).
4) ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???
?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???
????(Bruscia, 1998).
2. ????? ??
??? ’??’? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?
? ??? ? ? ??.
1) ??
?? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???
???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???. ????? ???
??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???
??? ?? ????? ??? ????. ???????? ?? ???
??? ??? ?? ? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?
? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??
? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???. ??? ?? ???? ???
???? ?? ?? ??? ? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ?? ?
???.
2) ??
???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???
?????. ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???????
??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????. ???? ??

? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??
?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ? ????? ??? ??? ?
????.
- 26 -
3) ????
???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???.
? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???
? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??
??? ???.
4) ??
19C???? ???, ??, ???? ?, ???, ??-???? ?? ?
?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??
? ??, ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??
?? ???? ???. ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?
?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??
?.
5) ??
?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?????
??? ?????. ??? ???? ? ??? ??? ???????
??? ?? ??? ?? ???, ??? ??? ???? ?? ????
? ????? ???? ???. ??? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?
??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???
???? ???? ???. ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?
??? ????? ?? ??????? 1944? ??? ?????? ?
???.

- 27 -
3. ????? ??
????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??, ??????
??, ??? ??, ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??
? ??.
1) ??? ??
??? ??? ??? ????(Altshuller)? ??? ??? ????.
ISO(??)? ???, ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ? ???
?? ??? ????, ? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??
?? ????, ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????
??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????. ? ??? ??? ???
??? ???? ? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???
?? ??? ‘???? ??’??. ??? ???? ?? ??(Gestalt
ISO), ??? ??(Complementary ISO), ?? ??(Group ISO), ???
??(Universal ISO) ?? ??(???, 2001).
2) ?????? ??
?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?
??? ??? ??? ??? ???. ?? ??? ????? ????
?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??
???? ?? ??? ??? ? ? ??. ? ??? ???? ??? ?
?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??
? ? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????. ??? ???
??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ????? ??
??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???
?? ??? ????. ??? ?? ??????? ?? ? ?????
? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ????

??? ?? ????? ??? ? ??? ??? ???? ?????
??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ? ? ??? ????? ??? ??
??(???, 2001).
- 28 -
3) ??? ??
???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???
? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???
?? ???. ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??
? ??. ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??.
??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?
?? ?? ??, ? ????? ????? ? ?? ????? ??.
??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ? ??? ?? ?????. ???
? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??. ???? ??
? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?
?? ? ?????? ??(???, 2001).
4) ?? ??? ??
Sears(1968)? ??? ????? ????? ? ??? ???? ??
????? ??? ???? ?? ????. ?? ??? ??? ???
?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ? ??? ??? ??
??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????
? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??
?(Sears, W. W. 1968). ?? ?? ????? ??? ????, ???
???, ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???
??? ??? ??? ???? ??. ?? ??? ???? ?? ??
??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????
??? ???? ??? ? ??(???, 2001).

4. ADHD ??? ?? ????? ??
1) ADHD ??? ??
ADHD? ? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??
?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??
??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????
ADHD ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????
??? ???? ?????? ??? ? ? ??? ? ?? ? ? ??.
????? ADHD ????? ????? ????? ???? ??
?? ??? ??? ?? ???, ??? ??, ???? ? ??????
???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ? ???
? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ? ??
? ? ? ?? ????(???, 2005). ??? (2000)? ??? ?? ??
? ADHD ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????
? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????
??? ??? ???. ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?
? ?? ?? ? ? ??(???, 2001). ?? ??? ?? ???? ??
?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?
?? ??? ? ??? ???? ???? ???? ? ??? 3-5? ?
?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???(???, 1994).
- 29 -
2) ?? ????? ??
ADHD ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???. ?
? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???
ADHD? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????. ???????
??? ADHD? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?

?? ???? ???? ???? ??.
???(2005)? ???? ????? ADHD ??? ??? 10?? ?
??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??
? ???? ? 12?, ?? 40?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?
??? ????? ADHD ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?
????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??. ? ???
???? 2?? ???? 12?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??
?? ????? ???? ???(2001)? ????? 8?? ???? ?
??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??
?(2001)? ????? ???? ???.
???(2003)? ADHD ??? ?? ?? 6?? ???? ??? ??
?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?
?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??
?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??.
???(2000)? 2000? 6? 26??? 8? 31??? ? 2? 30?? 16?
? ???? ????? ??○○???? ??? ADHD ??? ?? 4
?? ???? ??? ?? ADHD ??? ??? ?? ? ???? ?
?? ????? 4?? ???? ????, ? ??? ???? ????
? ????, ?? ???, ???, ??? ?? ????? ?? 4??
??, 8?? ???? ???? ??? ???? 12?? ????? ??
? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ? ?? ?
??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??
- 30 -
??? ????? ???.

5. ADHD? ?? ????? ?? ????
1) ????? ??
???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???
??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?
???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??
? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????(???, 1996).
????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????
?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?
??? ??? ??? ?? ? ??. ????? ???? ???? ??
? ???? ???? ????? ??, ???, ??? ?? ??? ??
??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??. ??? ?
???? ???? ??? ???, ??? ??? ???? ??? ??
???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????
??? ??? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??
??(???, 1998), ??? ????? ?? ? ?? ????, ????,
??? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ? ? ??.
2) ?? ???? ??
???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?
??? ??? ??? ??, ??? ??, ??, ??? ??? ?? ??
?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ? ??. ?? ???
??? ?? ??? ??? ???, ???, ??? ?? ?? ??, ??
??? ???? ???, ???, ????, ??? ?? ? ??? ??
? ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ??? ??(???, 1995). ??? ?
??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?
??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ? ? ??.
- 31 -

?? ???? ?? ??????, ??? ?? ???? ???? ?
? ?? ????. ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???. ??? ??
?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??
?? ??? ?? ???? ???, ??? ??? ???? ???? ?
- 32 -
?(???, 1998).
??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???
?. ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????, ???? ??? ??
(???, 1996). ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??
? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????. ?
? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??, ??? ??, ?? ?? ?
? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ? ??.
(1) ?? ???
??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ? ?????? ?
? ?? ????? ??? ? ??? ????? ??? ??. ?? ?
??? ?? ? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???
? ?? ??. ?? ??, ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ? ??? ??
??? ?? ???? ????? ??. ?? ??? ??? ???? ?
????? ??? ??(???, 1995). ??? ??? ???? ?? ?
?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??
?? ?????? ???? ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ? ? ??(?
??, 1998).
(2) ????
????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ???
?? ??? ???. ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????
??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??

? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ? ?? ??
- 33 -
(???, 1999).
??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??. ???? ???? ?? ??
? ?? ???, ???? ????? ???? ? ??? ??? ???
?? ? ?? ???? ????. ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???
? ???? ??? ? ? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????
???? ???? ?????? ??? ? ? ??(???, 1998). ??
? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??
? ???? ???. ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???
?????, ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??
? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?
?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???(???, 2000).
(3) ?? ????
???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????
??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???
?. ? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????
??? ???? ???.(???,1994) ?? ???? ???? ? ??
???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??
???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ,? ??? ????? ??
??? ??? ???? ????? ??. ? ??? ???? ????
?? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??. ?? ???? ???
?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????
???? ?? ????? ??.
(4) ????
???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??.

??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?
?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???
??? ??(???, 1998). ????? ??? ??? ???? ???
??? ??, ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???
- 34 -
?? ??? ??.
?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??
? ???? ???? ??? ????, ??? ?? ??? ?????
???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???. ? ???
? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???
????? ???? ????.
3) ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??
??????? ?????? ??? ? ?? ???? ???? ??
?? ??? ???.
????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??
?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??
???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??, ??, ?
??? ??????.
??????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??
?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????
??? ??? ??. ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?
? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???(???, 1996).
??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????, ??? ?
?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??
(W. W. Sears. 1968).
???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??

??? ???? ? ? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?
???, ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?
???? ???, ?????, ??? ??? ???? ?? ??(???,
- 35 -
2007).
? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ? ??? ??
?. ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?
?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?
? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??
???, ?????? ??? ????? ??? ? ?? ????? ?
??? ????? ? ? ??? ??? ?? ? ?? ????. ???
????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ? ?? ???
?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????
????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ??? ??. ?
??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??
??? ??(W.W. Sears,1968). ??????? ??? ????? ???
??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??
???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?
????? ???? ??(???, 1994).
??? ??? ??? ? ? ??. ????? ????? ?? ???
? ? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?
??, ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??
??. ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?
???? ???? ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?
?? ?? ???? ? ???? ??? ????? ??. ??? ??

???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???
??? ????? ????(???, 1996). ????? ????????
? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??
? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??, ??? ??? ???? ?
? ??. ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???
???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?
??? ??? ? ???? ?? ??? ????. ?????? ???
? ? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ?????????
????, ????, ?? ,??? ?? ??? ??? ????, ?? ?
?? ??? ??, ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??
? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????.
????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?
??. ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????.
? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?
??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????.
Madsen? Alley(1979)? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????
? ??? ????? ??? ? ??? ?????. ????? ???
?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ? ??? ??? ???
?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?
? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ? ? ??? ?
?? ? ? ??. ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?
???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??
? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ? ??. ???? ???
??????(Jorgenson, 1971: Madsen & Madson,1968) ??? ?? ?
???? ??? ??? ? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?
- 36 -

???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????(Madson&Alley,
- 37 -
1979).
4) ADHD ??? ?? ????
ADHD ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??
? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??
???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??
??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??
? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????.
?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??
ADHD ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?
? ???, ??? ??, ?????, ??? ???? ?? ???? ?
? ?? ????? ??? ?? ADHD ??? ????? ???? ?
????? ??? ? ? ??(???, 2002).
??? ?? ADHD ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???,
???? ?? ???? ??? ? 4??? ?7???? ?? ?
DSM-IV? ????? ???? ??????(HPR) ? ?? ??? ??
?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ? ???? ????
???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???
??? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?
??? ??(2000).
Boxill? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ??
???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??
? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ? ??
? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ? ?? ???
??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???

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