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Editor's Notes

• #15: We cover four petroleum sectors: exploration and production (E&P), oil sands, oil and gas services and pipeline.Current total industry size is approximately195,200 workers. E&P:Onshore activity for conventional oil and gas reserves and unconventional reserves excluding oil sands.Oil Sands: Extraction and upgrading of bitumenOil & Gas Services: Contracted exploration, extraction and production services to the E&P and oil sands sectors. Pipeline: Mainline transmission for transporting daily crude oil and natural gas production in Canada.
• #17: Since 1967, Canada has been commercially producing oil from the oil sands. Initially, bitumen was extracted using huge shovels and trucks and open-pit mining techniques. However, only 20 per cent of Canada’s known oil sands resource is close enough to the surface to be mined.The other 80 per cent of Canada’s oil sands resource is deeper or in situand requires different extraction technologies, such as steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), to bring the bitumen to the surface. As the name suggests, steam is used in SAGD to soften the bitumen so it can be pumped to the surface. In many ways, SAGD is similar to conventional oil production in that it uses horizontal drilling and wells.Upgrading is a process manufacturing operation that converts bitumen into a product similar to light conventional oil. It also produces a number of other useful by-products, such as sulphur which is used in the manufacturing of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals and other products.
• #19: Key job family = A series of related jobs distinguished by levels of knowledge, skills, abilities and other factors. e.g., field workers, operators, trades, technologists and technicians.
• #21: In situ operations are closely related to conventional oil and gas because of the need to drill wells to access deep reserves of bitumen. For this reason, common occupations include petroleum engineers, petroleum engineering technologists and geoscience professionals.Mining operations are focused on hiring employees to operate and maintain the heavy equipment used for open-pit mining and the plant operations that separate the bitumen from sand. As a result, common occupations include heavy equipment operators, heavy-duty mechanics and trades such as industrial electricians, millwrights and welders.Upgrading operations involve processing bitumen into other petroleum products and therefore, occupations are primarily concentrated on plant operations and maintenance. Since the upgrading process involves the use of boilers and pressure vessels, plant operators are certified steam-ticketed operates (i.e., power engineers).
• #22: Careers that are common in all three production types are:Engineering managersFacility operation and maintenance managers Mechanical engineers Power engineers (steam-ticketed operators)
• #24: The Canadian oil sands region is home to an estimated 173 billion barrels of oil, or about 97% of Canada's total oil reserves.By 2022: In Situ operations will employ half (50 per cent) of the oil sands workforceMining operations will remain a key employer in the sector, accounting for 35 per cent of the workforceUpgrading will employ 15 per cent of the workforceIn 2012, Canada’s oil sands sector directly employed 22,342 workers. This included:9,079 jobs in in situ operations8,884 jobs in mining operations4,379 jobs in upgradingAs conventional sources of energy begin to decline, the Canadian oil sands will become a significant source of global energy for future generations.
• #27: Power engineers will be in the highest demand in the oil sands sector over the next decade. Power engineers make up almost 25 per cent of both in situ and upgrading operations hiring.Sustainability-related occupations, such as stakeholder relations, environmental, health and safety roles, will experience above-average employment growth. Workers in these types of occupations ensure a balanced approach to business development and obtaining the social license to operate.Human resources professionals will be in high demand, as organizational effectiveness and recruiting, retaining and developing human capital continue to be key business concerns.Shortages of supply chain, logistics, procurement and contract management workers could create bottlenecks and impact expansion schedules. These types of workers are responsible for securing or coordinating required materials, equipment, products and services. Retirements amongst managers and supervisors will lead to a loss of knowledge, experience and mentoring capacity and will have a negative impact on workforce development and productivity. Retirement of industry-specific workers, such as petroleum engineers and geoscience professionals, are more difficult to address because of the limited labour supply pool. Workers in these occupations are typically hired as new graduates and developed within the industry.
• #32: Have you ever wondered what it would be like to have a career in oil and gas? Day in the Life profiles are exactly that, profiles of real people that have a career in oil and gas. Get the whole story from the people in the field, as they tell you about their typical days on the job, what they love about their career and how they got started.
• #33: Don’t know where you fit in a career in oil and gas? Our occupational summaries are everything you need to know about work, education and career paths for specific occupations in oil and gas.