The document discusses the standard deduction versus itemized deductions for the 2020 tax year. It provides information on the standard deduction amounts for single, married, and head of household filers. It notes that taxpayers can choose to take the standard deduction or itemize deductions if their qualifying expenses exceed the standard amount. Itemized deductions include mortgage interest, property taxes, state taxes, medical expenses, and charitable donations. The document advises taxpayers to calculate their itemized deductions and compare to the standard deduction to determine the optimal strategy.
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STANDARD DEDUCTION
The standard deduction represents a fixed amount that will be deducted from income to
arrive base amount for income tax payable.
The standard deduction is dependent on your income, age, and filing status, and changes
each year.
In 2019, the standard deduction is:
For single or married filing separately $12,200
For married filing jointly or qualifying widow(er) $24,400
For head of household $18,350
Your standard deduction increases if youre blind or age 65 or older. In 2019, it increases
by $1,650 if youre single or head of household and by $1,300 if youre married or a
qualifying widow(er)
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STANDARD DEDUCTION
The standard deduction:
Allows you a deduction even if you have no expenses that qualify for claiming
itemized deductions.
Eliminates the need to itemize deductions, like medical expenses and charitable
donations.
Lets you avoid keeping records and receipts of your expenses in case youre audited
by the IRS.
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ITEMIZED DEDUCTION
Itemized deductions also reduce your adjusted gross income (AGI). You might benefit from
itemizing your deductions on Form 1040 if you:
Have itemized deductions that total more than the standard deduction you would
receive (like in the example above)
Had large, out-of-pocket medical and dental expenses
Paid mortgage interest and real estate taxes on your home
Had large, uninsured casualty (fire, flood, wind) or theft losses
Made large contributions to qualified charities
Had large, unreimbursed miscellaneous expenses
However all these items have certain limitation.
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When to Claim ITEMIZED DEDUCTION
If your standard deduction is less than your itemized deductions
Try this quick check. Use the numbers you find on IRS Form 1098, the Mortgage
Interest Statement (you typically get this from your mortgage company at the end
of the year). Compare your mortgage interest deduction amount to the standard
deduction. Property taxes, state income taxes or sales taxes, and charitable
donations can be deductible, too, if you itemize.
Run the numbers both ways. If youre using tax software, its probably worth the
time to answer all the questions about itemized deductions that might apply to you.