The document explains three types of arguments: classical, Rogerian, and Toulmin, detailing their structures and when to use them. Classical arguments follow a specific format including an introduction, background, proposition, proof, refutation, and conclusion, while Rogerian arguments emphasize understanding opposing views and finding common ground. Toulmin's argument model consists of data, claim, warrants, qualifiers, rebuttals, and backing, focusing on logical reasoning and evidence in argumentation.