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35-悋 
35 - CLIMACTERIC
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
1
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
  悋 -悋  惆 
MENOPAUSE AND PERI- AND
POSTMENOPAUSE
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
2
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
3
惘悋 惆惘 惶 惆惓 惓 悋 惘悖悸 悋 悸 # $ 惘 悋 % 悋#
 悋 惆悋惠 惘 悋 悴 悒 # 惶 % 悋 悗惆 悋 + 惴 悋 悵 / 0.
 惆 悋 $ 愀 攵.
悋 :
6 愀 惆惘悸 惘 悛.
惓 愀 惆 惆悸 悋.
50-55.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
4
悋 惆 悋 惠  !" 悋 悖$ 惷 悋 & '惆 ! 惆(惠 "!  *+"  !,慍
惘悸+ , 惘 /" 0 $惆愀悸 悋.
惆惓 "4悋4006 惘 8悋 惠  悋 0 惆 *"  惘悸惘" 悋atresia.
愃 悋 惆 ,menarche:400,000
(惆悸 悋 惆 ,:1.5oocytes.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
5
HORMONAL CHANGES
惆惘悖;愕 悋  惆惓= > %$/悋 + 惴 ? +惷.
≒悒 @惴 惘 A 6 愀 惆惘悋惠.
≒惘悸 慍A 惓 愀.
≒ 惘 悋 愀 C D #惘愀.
+愀 悋  慍悋 悋 惆@惠 悋 惆悸 慍
$ $ 悋 惘 悋  悋 惠 悋
≒惘 =惆3-5悋惠.
惘 惴惠 G/惘D 悋悋  悋  =悋C
悋惠.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
6
HORMONAL CHANGES
悋 惷 惘悄
悴 悒 #
>  惘 悋
 惘 惘 A
悋  悋
substantial
amounts
惆 悋惠 惆悸
悋.
≒悋悋$tone $$惆 悋 惴 悋 .
≒惶惠 悋.
≒> =惆@悗 悖/惆悸 慍 惘愀惘 悋 愀
6惆 悋  惘愀 悖.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
7
OVARIAN SENESCENCE
悋 惆+惘慍  C D $ 悋 G 悋惘 惘 悋惘 K # 悒.
 $ $ =  惠 惘 惆 viable.
悴 悒FSHLH# 惷 惘 # > 惠 >
 悋 D.
CholesterolAndrostenedione and Testosterone)LH(
Estrogen.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
8
 悋  > 悋   6惆悋惠 惘 $.惆悋惠 惘 悋悋 $ 悋 悋$ >惴惘 悋 惘
慍惘 悋.
Cmpd B:惘 > >惘Cmpd S:II->慍 惆慍 >惘DH:慍G >惆惘 攵DHEA:惘 惆惘 惆惘悒 惆
DOC:
>慍 惆惘 > >惘LH: 惘 悋 $ 悋P450c:>惘 悋P450.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
 !"惘 4悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
9
悋  6惆
 $ *惷 "E2 $ >*""惘 $惆E1
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
10
惠 !惆惘 8悋
ANDROGENS
悋  惆 悄 悋惠 惆惘 @悋  悖= 惠 > $ O 悖 @悒> 
悖>6惘.
+惘愀 悋 P  悋 惘 6惆 悋  惶
悋  惆
惆惘悋 悋 # $ 悋 惠 惆惘 @悋  # 惷 + 悋 惆 .
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
"惘 !惘 悋
PROGESTERONE
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
11
惶+ 惠  % 悒 惘 惘 悋 悴 悒.
 # > 惘 A
≒ 悋  悋 惠 慍 悋 惷 惘Estradiol% 悒Estrone sulfate
≒$ 悋  惘 悋 惠G 惠  惶 悒.
≒惆悸 慍 % 悋 悗惆 =惆   悋 悋 攵悵(悋  悋 "*mitosis惘 悋 愀 悋 #  惘 惘惷 悋.
惘 悋 愀 悋 # #惘悋慍 悋  悋 C 惘 惘 悋 惡 A.
 悸惆 / 悋   惘悸 # 惘悋#  :
≒惴 惘 A $ 慍.
≒$ 悵 @ C  惘 悋 愀 C D #惘愀.
≒ 惘 悋 愀  惘愀 惆悸 慍.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
惆 悋 惠 悋
GONADOTROPINS
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
12
 惘 悋GnRHLH.FSH
悖 惆悋= $D 悋$CNS惘悋惠 6;悋慍%$/愀
 悋 惘悋惘悸 惆惘  惴悋P 惘 惆悸 慍 ? + 悋
悋$惆 悋 # 惘 悋 惆悋 惠 悋.
 悵 悋  悋FSH<2040IU / L.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
惘 惘 悋 攵惘悋惠 惴 悋
Clinical Manifestations
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
13
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
惠 悋悋hot flashes.
惘 悋Insomnia.
0 悋Irritability.
慍悋悴 悋 惠 愀惘悋 悋Mood disturbances.
/惘悋惷 悋)>惘悸 悋(
$ 悋  悋 惘 悋.
惆 悋  悋 $愕.
$惆 悋  @> 悋 惆悋 #.
惆 悋 惆@惠 悋)愀  悋(
 惴 悋 惘=.
惘 慍攵 悋 惺  惘 悋Dementia of the Alzheimer's type
)悋惘惆possible.(
/ 悋 $ 悋 惘悋惷 悋)悋 惘 A =G/.(
 > 悋  惘愀 6 惠 惘愀 悋)悋 惘 A =G/.(
惘悋惷 悋)惘悸 ; 悋(
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
14
 !"惘 (悋 惆悋 C DE "
TABLE 35-1. CONSEQUENCE OF ESTROGEN LOSS
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
15
悋 /惘悋惷 悋
GENERAL SYMPTOMS
悋 惠 悋)85%悄 悋 . (
≒ /慍 @ 悄 悋 攵悗@悄 D>惘 >.
≒悋 惆 /40%悋 惠 悋 #[  惠 D 悋 悄 悋 攵悋悸>6惘 悋 /悒慍.
≒惆惓A悋8-15 惘悸.
≒惘 惘悋# =惆惆悋惘 悋  + 悋 .
≒惘悖悸 悋 =惴 =惆慍悋 惆悸 悄 / + 悋.
A 悄 悋 %愀惠 > 悋惠  悋 + 悋 悋@惆 悖 .
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
6 悋 悋8,惘悋惷
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
16
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
$ 悋  悋 /惘悋惷 悋
UROGENITAL SYMPTOMS
  惘 悋 悴G 悋
惘 悋  悋 惡 悋
惴 $ >@ P >
C 悖 C 愀>
# >$愕 悋 0 悖
 悋.
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
17
惡 A 惘 悋
C #  =惘 惘悸 惴
=$ 悒#惘悋慍( pH > 7.0 ).
  悋 =愀惘
 慍 
惘 悋  悋 惡 悋:
0/慍  +.
惠.
惆悸 惆 惺 惘悸 /.
 悋 /惘悋惷 悋
惆惆惠G 悋.
 悋 惘 慍 悋.
$ $ 悋 悋 悋
nocturia
悋 悋 $愕.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 惴 悋 惘=OSTEOPOROSIS
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
18
 惘 悋   惘 悋慍 惴 悋 惘悋惠 > 愀
 惴 悋 惡 >惘 %$/ 惴 悋 惠 =惆惘悸lay down bon
 惴 悋 $=osteopenia 惴 悋 惘= osteoporosis
≒愀 悋 # 惆悋 #<1.5愆 悋
≒惘 悋  D 悋 惘 >:
≒惆1015 悋  %$/> 慍惘悋 惴惆 /悋 $ 悄 悋/惆
 惘 悋3-5 悖.
≒=惠  惆 惴 悋 惘= 惆惓 $> >惘 悖 悄 悋 惆 /  惘 悋 惆悋 #  > $>>惘 悖.
≒惘 + 悋 惆 悋悵 + 悋  /惘 >$ 惘惷 悋  惴 悋 悖>6惘 攵.
惘 惘 悋 惠 G 悋
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
 惴 悋 惘=OSTEOPOROSIS
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
19
愀惘悸 悋  /悋愀惘悸 悋  /悋
$ / D=
 悋  悋
 惷 悋 _悋 惘 悋
悋 愀悸悋惘
 > 悋
 惆 悋
惆惘 悋 愀 #惘愀
悒惆悋悖 惆悋惠 惘 悋悴G @悋 惆悋惠
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
惆 惆 悋 惴 悋 # 6> 悋 愕 = 惆悸 /悒 惡6悴G 悋  = 悋 %$/ 惘
悋  惆 悄 悋 惆 / 惆悋 悋 悴G %D惘 CT_悋 #
)-2.0()-2.5(SD+惘 >$ # 悒 愀惘悸  / >-2.5SD
惘 >  惴 悋 惘= 惘T>-2.5SD
惘 悋T)(T score:悋惠 #惘悋悋惘)SDs(惴 悋 惆 悋 # 6> 悋 /愀 悋 惠 悋 惠 c 悋 惆 / D 悋惠
D%惴 悋 惆 悋 # 6> 悋 d惶 惴 悋 惘=
惘65愀惘悸  /悋 惆 悄 悋 # 惘50惆 /悋 悄 悋$悋惆攵 /愀惘悸  /悋.
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
20
 惴 悋 惘=OSTEOPOROSIS
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
21
 惴 悋 惘=OSTEOPOROSIS
惶 悒愀惘惘 > 悋 惴 悋 惘= / 悋
1200% 悋1500   > e$
400% 悋600 # 惆悸 D 
≒ 悋惘慍 悋 
≒ G=@悋 > 悋
≒ 惆 悋  悒
≒;>惆 $ 惆惘 悋 惘D 惷 悋  惘 悋 悴G 悋  $  悵 悋 % 惘 悋 惶 # 惡/惆 
惆悸 慍悋 /惘  $
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
22
Estrogen)賊Progestin(
≒ 惘>惡 悋 悴G 悋EstrogenProgestin惶 惆 惘 > 悋 悒
 悋 惆惆 ;愕 悋24%C 悒+惷34%惘 悋 惘 > #
≒惆悋  惘 @悋  @惠SERMs)raloxifene(
≒惘 > 悋  = 悋 # 惆悸 + 悖 惆 惘 + 悋
bisphosphonates)alendronate(
# #= 悋 %$/悖 惠 /惘# 悴G/ 惴 悋 惘=
$ $= 惘悋惠 6;.
≒> 悵 悗 悖 惡& '.
Calcitonin.
≒惆惘 悋 惘悋惠  攵惘.
惆悋 悋 悴G 悋
 惴 悋 惘=OSTEOPOROSIS
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
悋  惘 悋 悴G 悋
OVARIAN HORMONE THERAPY
惠 愀 @悋悋 惠 悋
" 悋  悋 惘 悋
 6惴 悋 "惘$  $ 悋
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
23
惆 +悋 悋惆悋 惘 悗 悖 $惆悋 惘悋惷 悖惡惆 '6 悋 惘I 悋
arteriosclerotic惘 慍攵 悋 惆悋悄
愀惘 悋惆 惘 悋 惘 悋
E惘 悋 ' 悋
惆 悋  惘愀
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
6 悋 悋  惘 悋 ! 6 悋 惘 "惆
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
24
悴N, +"6愀 (悖 !惡  惘 0 "  "慍 ( "悋 悋 悄 悋!"惘 悋0愕 6 惘 P.
 惘 悋 愀  惘愀 惆惓  C惘悋 悋  " !惘 悋 悄 悋,愀.
 6" 悖 0 悋  0 悋 惓 愀 悋 惺 愀  P"惘 "悋 悋 惠 惘 悋 !"惘 4悋悋 " !惘
惘 " 0I 0"惘I 悋.
≒"0 $惆惠 " !惘 悋惆 悋  惘愀 惆惓 愀惘 悋8攵 '惘 6 悋<<悄 悋,愀 !惡 R 悖 惆 "6 !"惘 4悋 * "
"6惘惷 悋 惠 " !惘.
 惘 08 >愀 " 悋 慍 悋 悋 惘 " 悋 惆 惆I 悋 慍 悋 ,"惆4惘 C悛 , 惓 悋  惘 悋 ! 6 悋  惘 I悖.
惆 " " " 悋  悋 悋8,惘悋惷  8悋 惘 悋 攵 "惘0慍 惠 !"惘 4悋C 6  悋 "愀  悋
悋 惠 0惘 悋!"惘 4悋惡 ,惆悸 $ C 惆 " " 悖 0 " 悋 惠 悋 悖 惠 愀U 悋-惆 ! 悋惘惘悸 
惆 悖 C 悒惠 " !惘 悋.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
惠N " 6惆(惠 !"惘 4悋E " (悋SERMS
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
25
≒愀 悋惠 惘 悋愀 惘悋 悋 惆  悋 G   悋 #  悋 #悖-悋% 悒 
+$ 惠 6惘 愀 6 悖  +  惓 悋悸 悋 惘 K.
≒惠G  = 悋 %$/  / 惆  惘 惘 悋 + 悖.
≒ 悋 +愕 C 惆悋惠 > 愀 惘 +$ 愀 惘悋  攵 # 愀+$.
≒惆悋 悋 %SERMs%$/ D $  悋 攵悵  惆悸 + @悋 % 悋%$/惘悋惠 6; 悋 惷
 悋 惘悋惆 K愀 悋.
SERMs 惆 悋ClomipheneTamoxifenRaloxifen.
≒ + > 惘悋Raloxifen:
≒6惘 > 悋 惘惷 @惘 惴 悋6惆 悋 =悖 悖  惘 悋 愀 #.
≒ 惴 悋 惘=   惴 悋 惘悋惠 > #  +  + > 惘悋 悋 悖 惆.
≒悖 惆 + > 惘悋 悋 @惆 / 悋 >惘 悋 /惘悋惷 悋 % 悋 悄.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
悋  惆 悋 ! 6 悋  悸 悋 愀  "6惆
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
26
悸 悋 愀 惠N "6惆
≒ 悋 C 惆 " 悋 惘惘悸 " 悋 惘悋惠 /" 悋  * " 愀惘.
≒攵 悋8攵 惘 U" 悋 "惆 悋  悒.
≒慍 悋 + , 愀惘悸 悋.
≒"惴 悋 惘 悋 惘.
≒ 惆 悋   $ " 悵悋惠 惘 0悖 ' "悋慍 E悵悋P  ".
≒惶 0I 悖惆 惘 "6"惠 " " 悋悋  6惆 悄 ' 悖攵 悵悋惠
惆 悋  I C 愀惘悋惡 悋  惆 "悋 悋.
悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋
悋  C 惆 悋 ! 6 悋  悸 悋 愀  "6惆
02惘 悖19
DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY
27
惠 0惘  " !"惘 "悒 * 悋)Phytoestrogens(悖 + , E 慍 " 悋惆 
惆 " 悋  惘 悋 ! 6  6 愀 N 惆.
悄 悋 + , !惡 0惆惘 "0 悖:
攵 悋 悴N6 悋 +"placebo悋8,惘悋惷 6惷 * $惆.
惘悸 +" 悖 惆悸 * 惘 P I6 悋 惘悋惠 " 悋 6惷 悖 惠 悒 ".
惠 !" 悋 攵悵 R ""6惘惷 悵 悋 '惘悋 悋8$  惴 " 悋   " 悋.

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  • 1. 35-悋 35 - CLIMACTERIC 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 1
  • 2. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 悋 -悋 惆 MENOPAUSE AND PERI- AND POSTMENOPAUSE 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 2
  • 3. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 3 惘悋 惆惘 惶 惆惓 惓 悋 惘悖悸 悋 悸 # $ 惘 悋 % 悋# 悋 惆悋惠 惘 悋 悴 悒 # 惶 % 悋 悗惆 悋 + 惴 悋 悵 / 0. 惆 悋 $ 愀 攵. 悋 : 6 愀 惆惘悸 惘 悛. 惓 愀 惆 惆悸 悋. 50-55.
  • 4. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 4 悋 惆 悋 惠 !" 悋 悖$ 惷 悋 & '惆 ! 惆(惠 "! *+" !,慍 惘悸+ , 惘 /" 0 $惆愀悸 悋. 惆惓 "4悋4006 惘 8悋 惠 悋 0 惆 *" 惘悸惘" 悋atresia. 愃 悋 惆 ,menarche:400,000 (惆悸 悋 惆 ,:1.5oocytes.
  • 5. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 5 HORMONAL CHANGES 惆惘悖;愕 悋 惆惓= > %$/悋 + 惴 ? +惷. ≒悒 @惴 惘 A 6 愀 惆惘悋惠. ≒惘悸 慍A 惓 愀. ≒ 惘 悋 愀 C D #惘愀. +愀 悋 慍悋 悋 惆@惠 悋 惆悸 慍 $ $ 悋 惘 悋 悋 惠 悋 ≒惘 =惆3-5悋惠. 惘 惴惠 G/惘D 悋悋 悋 =悋C 悋惠.
  • 6. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 6 HORMONAL CHANGES 悋 惷 惘悄 悴 悒 # > 惘 悋 惘 惘 A 悋 悋 substantial amounts 惆 悋惠 惆悸 悋. ≒悋悋$tone $$惆 悋 惴 悋 . ≒惶惠 悋. ≒> =惆@悗 悖/惆悸 慍 惘愀惘 悋 愀 6惆 悋 惘愀 悖.
  • 7. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 7 OVARIAN SENESCENCE 悋 惆+惘慍 C D $ 悋 G 悋惘 惘 悋惘 K # 悒. $ $ = 惠 惘 惆 viable. 悴 悒FSHLH# 惷 惘 # > 惠 > 悋 D. CholesterolAndrostenedione and Testosterone)LH( Estrogen.
  • 8. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 8 悋 > 悋 6惆悋惠 惘 $.惆悋惠 惘 悋悋 $ 悋 悋$ >惴惘 悋 惘 慍惘 悋. Cmpd B:惘 > >惘Cmpd S:II->慍 惆慍 >惘DH:慍G >惆惘 攵DHEA:惘 惆惘 惆惘悒 惆 DOC: >慍 惆惘 > >惘LH: 惘 悋 $ 悋P450c:>惘 悋P450.
  • 9. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 !"惘 4悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 9 悋 6惆 $ *惷 "E2 $ >*""惘 $惆E1
  • 10. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 10 惠 !惆惘 8悋 ANDROGENS 悋 惆 悄 悋惠 惆惘 @悋 悖= 惠 > $ O 悖 @悒> 悖>6惘. +惘愀 悋 P 悋 惘 6惆 悋 惶 悋 惆 惆惘悋 悋 # $ 悋 惠 惆惘 @悋 # 惷 + 悋 惆 .
  • 11. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 "惘 !惘 悋 PROGESTERONE 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 11 惶+ 惠 % 悒 惘 惘 悋 悴 悒. # > 惘 A ≒ 悋 悋 惠 慍 悋 惷 惘Estradiol% 悒Estrone sulfate ≒$ 悋 惘 悋 惠G 惠 惶 悒. ≒惆悸 慍 % 悋 悗惆 =惆 悋 悋 攵悵(悋 悋 "*mitosis惘 悋 愀 悋 # 惘 惘惷 悋. 惘 悋 愀 悋 # #惘悋慍 悋 悋 C 惘 惘 悋 惡 A. 悸惆 / 悋 惘悸 # 惘悋# : ≒惴 惘 A $ 慍. ≒$ 悵 @ C 惘 悋 愀 C D #惘愀. ≒ 惘 悋 愀 惘愀 惆悸 慍.
  • 12. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 惆 悋 惠 悋 GONADOTROPINS 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 12 惘 悋GnRHLH.FSH 悖 惆悋= $D 悋$CNS惘悋惠 6;悋慍%$/愀 悋 惘悋惘悸 惆惘 惴悋P 惘 惆悸 慍 ? + 悋 悋$惆 悋 # 惘 悋 惆悋 惠 悋. 悵 悋 悋FSH<2040IU / L.
  • 13. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 惘 惘 悋 攵惘悋惠 惴 悋 Clinical Manifestations 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 13
  • 14. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 惠 悋悋hot flashes. 惘 悋Insomnia. 0 悋Irritability. 慍悋悴 悋 惠 愀惘悋 悋Mood disturbances. /惘悋惷 悋)>惘悸 悋( $ 悋 悋 惘 悋. 惆 悋 悋 $愕. $惆 悋 @> 悋 惆悋 #. 惆 悋 惆@惠 悋)愀 悋( 惴 悋 惘=. 惘 慍攵 悋 惺 惘 悋Dementia of the Alzheimer's type )悋惘惆possible.( / 悋 $ 悋 惘悋惷 悋)悋 惘 A =G/.( > 悋 惘愀 6 惠 惘愀 悋)悋 惘 A =G/.( 惘悋惷 悋)惘悸 ; 悋( 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 14 !"惘 (悋 惆悋 C DE " TABLE 35-1. CONSEQUENCE OF ESTROGEN LOSS
  • 15. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 15 悋 /惘悋惷 悋 GENERAL SYMPTOMS 悋 惠 悋)85%悄 悋 . ( ≒ /慍 @ 悄 悋 攵悗@悄 D>惘 >. ≒悋 惆 /40%悋 惠 悋 #[ 惠 D 悋 悄 悋 攵悋悸>6惘 悋 /悒慍. ≒惆惓A悋8-15 惘悸. ≒惘 惘悋# =惆惆悋惘 悋 + 悋 . ≒惘悖悸 悋 =惴 =惆慍悋 惆悸 悄 / + 悋. A 悄 悋 %愀惠 > 悋惠 悋 + 悋 悋@惆 悖 .
  • 16. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 6 悋 悋8,惘悋惷 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 16
  • 17. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 $ 悋 悋 /惘悋惷 悋 UROGENITAL SYMPTOMS 惘 悋 悴G 悋 惘 悋 悋 惡 悋 惴 $ >@ P > C 悖 C 愀> # >$愕 悋 0 悖 悋. 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 17 惡 A 惘 悋 C # =惘 惘悸 惴 =$ 悒#惘悋慍( pH > 7.0 ). 悋 =愀惘 慍 惘 悋 悋 惡 悋: 0/慍 +. 惠. 惆悸 惆 惺 惘悸 /. 悋 /惘悋惷 悋 惆惆惠G 悋. 悋 惘 慍 悋. $ $ 悋 悋 悋 nocturia 悋 悋 $愕.
  • 18. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 惴 悋 惘=OSTEOPOROSIS 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 18 惘 悋 惘 悋慍 惴 悋 惘悋惠 > 愀 惴 悋 惡 >惘 %$/ 惴 悋 惠 =惆惘悸lay down bon 惴 悋 $=osteopenia 惴 悋 惘= osteoporosis ≒愀 悋 # 惆悋 #<1.5愆 悋 ≒惘 悋 D 悋 惘 >: ≒惆1015 悋 %$/> 慍惘悋 惴惆 /悋 $ 悄 悋/惆 惘 悋3-5 悖. ≒=惠 惆 惴 悋 惘= 惆惓 $> >惘 悖 悄 悋 惆 / 惘 悋 惆悋 # > $>>惘 悖. ≒惘 + 悋 惆 悋悵 + 悋 /惘 >$ 惘惷 悋 惴 悋 悖>6惘 攵. 惘 惘 悋 惠 G 悋
  • 19. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 惴 悋 惘=OSTEOPOROSIS 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 19 愀惘悸 悋 /悋愀惘悸 悋 /悋 $ / D= 悋 悋 惷 悋 _悋 惘 悋 悋 愀悸悋惘 > 悋 惆 悋 惆惘 悋 愀 #惘愀 悒惆悋悖 惆悋惠 惘 悋悴G @悋 惆悋惠
  • 20. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 惆 惆 悋 惴 悋 # 6> 悋 愕 = 惆悸 /悒 惡6悴G 悋 = 悋 %$/ 惘 悋 惆 悄 悋 惆 / 惆悋 悋 悴G %D惘 CT_悋 # )-2.0()-2.5(SD+惘 >$ # 悒 愀惘悸 / >-2.5SD 惘 > 惴 悋 惘= 惘T>-2.5SD 惘 悋T)(T score:悋惠 #惘悋悋惘)SDs(惴 悋 惆 悋 # 6> 悋 /愀 悋 惠 悋 惠 c 悋 惆 / D 悋惠 D%惴 悋 惆 悋 # 6> 悋 d惶 惴 悋 惘= 惘65愀惘悸 /悋 惆 悄 悋 # 惘50惆 /悋 悄 悋$悋惆攵 /愀惘悸 /悋. 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 20 惴 悋 惘=OSTEOPOROSIS
  • 21. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 21 惴 悋 惘=OSTEOPOROSIS 惶 悒愀惘惘 > 悋 惴 悋 惘= / 悋 1200% 悋1500 > e$ 400% 悋600 # 惆悸 D ≒ 悋惘慍 悋 ≒ G=@悋 > 悋 ≒ 惆 悋 悒 ≒;>惆 $ 惆惘 悋 惘D 惷 悋 惘 悋 悴G 悋 $ 悵 悋 % 惘 悋 惶 # 惡/惆 惆悸 慍悋 /惘 $
  • 22. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 22 Estrogen)賊Progestin( ≒ 惘>惡 悋 悴G 悋EstrogenProgestin惶 惆 惘 > 悋 悒 悋 惆惆 ;愕 悋24%C 悒+惷34%惘 悋 惘 > # ≒惆悋 惘 @悋 @惠SERMs)raloxifene( ≒惘 > 悋 = 悋 # 惆悸 + 悖 惆 惘 + 悋 bisphosphonates)alendronate( # #= 悋 %$/悖 惠 /惘# 悴G/ 惴 悋 惘= $ $= 惘悋惠 6;. ≒> 悵 悗 悖 惡& '. Calcitonin. ≒惆惘 悋 惘悋惠 攵惘. 惆悋 悋 悴G 悋 惴 悋 惘=OSTEOPOROSIS
  • 23. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 悋 惘 悋 悴G 悋 OVARIAN HORMONE THERAPY 惠 愀 @悋悋 惠 悋 " 悋 悋 惘 悋 6惴 悋 "惘$ $ 悋 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 23 惆 +悋 悋惆悋 惘 悗 悖 $惆悋 惘悋惷 悖惡惆 '6 悋 惘I 悋 arteriosclerotic惘 慍攵 悋 惆悋悄 愀惘 悋惆 惘 悋 惘 悋 E惘 悋 ' 悋 惆 悋 惘愀
  • 24. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 6 悋 悋 惘 悋 ! 6 悋 惘 "惆 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 24 悴N, +"6愀 (悖 !惡 惘 0 " "慍 ( "悋 悋 悄 悋!"惘 悋0愕 6 惘 P. 惘 悋 愀 惘愀 惆惓 C惘悋 悋 " !惘 悋 悄 悋,愀. 6" 悖 0 悋 0 悋 惓 愀 悋 惺 愀 P"惘 "悋 悋 惠 惘 悋 !"惘 4悋悋 " !惘 惘 " 0I 0"惘I 悋. ≒"0 $惆惠 " !惘 悋惆 悋 惘愀 惆惓 愀惘 悋8攵 '惘 6 悋<<悄 悋,愀 !惡 R 悖 惆 "6 !"惘 4悋 * " "6惘惷 悋 惠 " !惘. 惘 08 >愀 " 悋 慍 悋 悋 惘 " 悋 惆 惆I 悋 慍 悋 ,"惆4惘 C悛 , 惓 悋 惘 悋 ! 6 悋 惘 I悖. 惆 " " " 悋 悋 悋8,惘悋惷 8悋 惘 悋 攵 "惘0慍 惠 !"惘 4悋C 6 悋 "愀 悋 悋 惠 0惘 悋!"惘 4悋惡 ,惆悸 $ C 惆 " " 悖 0 " 悋 惠 悋 悖 惠 愀U 悋-惆 ! 悋惘惘悸 惆 悖 C 悒惠 " !惘 悋.
  • 25. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 惠N " 6惆(惠 !"惘 4悋E " (悋SERMS 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 25 ≒愀 悋惠 惘 悋愀 惘悋 悋 惆 悋 G 悋 # 悋 #悖-悋% 悒 +$ 惠 6惘 愀 6 悖 + 惓 悋悸 悋 惘 K. ≒惠G = 悋 %$/ / 惆 惘 惘 悋 + 悖. ≒ 悋 +愕 C 惆悋惠 > 愀 惘 +$ 愀 惘悋 攵 # 愀+$. ≒惆悋 悋 %SERMs%$/ D $ 悋 攵悵 惆悸 + @悋 % 悋%$/惘悋惠 6; 悋 惷 悋 惘悋惆 K愀 悋. SERMs 惆 悋ClomipheneTamoxifenRaloxifen. ≒ + > 惘悋Raloxifen: ≒6惘 > 悋 惘惷 @惘 惴 悋6惆 悋 =悖 悖 惘 悋 愀 #. ≒ 惴 悋 惘= 惴 悋 惘悋惠 > # + + > 惘悋 悋 悖 惆. ≒悖 惆 + > 惘悋 悋 @惆 / 悋 >惘 悋 /惘悋惷 悋 % 悋 悄.
  • 26. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 悋 惆 悋 ! 6 悋 悸 悋 愀 "6惆 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 26 悸 悋 愀 惠N "6惆 ≒ 悋 C 惆 " 悋 惘惘悸 " 悋 惘悋惠 /" 悋 * " 愀惘. ≒攵 悋8攵 惘 U" 悋 "惆 悋 悒. ≒慍 悋 + , 愀惘悸 悋. ≒"惴 悋 惘 悋 惘. ≒ 惆 悋 $ " 悵悋惠 惘 0悖 ' "悋慍 E悵悋P ". ≒惶 0I 悖惆 惘 "6"惠 " " 悋悋 6惆 悄 ' 悖攵 悵悋惠 惆 悋 I C 愀惘悋惡 悋 惆 "悋 悋.
  • 27. 悋 惘悋惷 悋悋 悋 悋 C 惆 悋 ! 6 悋 悸 悋 愀 "6惆 02惘 悖19 DR.HISHAM AL-HAMMAMI PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY FACULTY OF MEDICINE SYRIAN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY 27 惠 0惘 " !"惘 "悒 * 悋)Phytoestrogens(悖 + , E 慍 " 悋惆 惆 " 悋 惘 悋 ! 6 6 愀 N 惆. 悄 悋 + , !惡 0惆惘 "0 悖: 攵 悋 悴N6 悋 +"placebo悋8,惘悋惷 6惷 * $惆. 惘悸 +" 悖 惆悸 * 惘 P I6 悋 惘悋惠 " 悋 6惷 悖 惠 悒 ". 惠 !" 悋 攵悵 R ""6惘惷 悵 悋 '惘悋 悋8$ 惴 " 悋 " 悋.