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Four-Square Method Gayla S. Keesee Education Specialist Mack Gipson, Jr. Tutorial and Enrichment Center rev. 8/2006 Which region of the United States would you rather live in?

To begin… Fold your paper into four squares. Darken in the lines. Write your basic thesis statement above the line in the middle to remind you of what you will be proving.

From Broad to Specific Animals (essay level) Dogs (paragraph level) Poodles (clarifying) Fifi (completing)

Paint a picture with words Dog Level Poodle Level Fifi Level

I prefer to live in the South. Now we have to answer the question—Why? Provide reasons , examples , incidents , facts/statistics to support our thesis. Animal level

Reasons why people live in certain locations SCHOOLS School systems, higher education--kids, own education WEATHER hot, cold, seasons, clothing, activities HISTORY & TRADITIONS Architecture, museums, foods, culture COSTS Lower cost of living—housing, groceries, entertainment ENTERTAINMENT Sports, theatre, racing, ballet, concerts EMPLOYMENT Opportunities, job transfer HABIT Grew up there, familiar and safe, know what to expect PEER PRESSURE Friends/family live there

History Food Southern Hospitality Basic Thesis Statement ( because ) + the three reasons, examples, facts, or incidents in Box 1 of each section I prefer living in the South because of the food, history, and Southern hospitality. I prefer to live in the South. Dog Level

-Architecture -Museums -Battlefields -Breakfast -Lunch/Dinner -Drinks -Honor/Chivalry _Courteous Actions -Politeness/Manners I prefer to live in the South. 1. Reason, Example, Fact, or Incident 1. Reason, Example, Fact, or Incident 1. Reason, Example, Fact, or Incident Now we need to clarify what we mean by each reason. In other words, why/how are the food, the history, and hospitality so great. Clarify! Clarify! Poodle Level History Food Southern Hospitality

Vivid Words Comparisons Examples/Incidents Specifics Names Numbers Colors Sizes Dates Place Names Fifi Level

Names (people, movie, restaurant, rides) Best friend—Rochelle, Waiting to Exhale Arby’s, Georgia Cyclone Numbers Three goldfish, 28 ounces, 18 years Dates/Times Last Thursday, July 4, morning, from 8:00-12:00 Places May Park, Clarke Middle School Colors Crimson, burnt sienna, kelly green, chocolate, toast, peach Comparisons Like a mad dog, golf ball size Sensory Details Wiggle, clammy, murky, boom, clank, spicy, tangy Active Verbs Looked—glanced, squinted, peeked

Sight Description Specific Nouns Specific Verbs Touch Texture Hearing Onomatopoeia Smell fragrances Taste Sensory Details

Be specific Make comparisons Add color Tex-Mex Crunchy tacos Mounds of tortilla chips Chunky guacamole Fire-engine red salsa Soul Food Crispy fried chicken Ice-cold super-sweet tea by the gallon Grits dripping with butter Piled high like a mountain

I prefer to live in the South. -Architecture Swan House—1928—Italian/Greek pillars, formal ballrooms, sweeping staircases Tullie Smith Farm--blacksmith shop, smokehouse, log cabin, open-hearth kitchen -Museums Morris Museum of Art—Southern art—2,500 paintings, traveling exhibits, workshops Atlanta History Center--exhibits, archives, gardens -Battlefields Manassas—first battle Kennesaw Mountain defend Atlanta -Breakfast Eggs—scrambled, over easy Grits dripping with creamy butter Meat—handmade pork sausage, hickory-smoked bacon, country-cured ham Flaky buttermilk biscuits Red-eye gravy or molasses -Lunch/Dinner Crispy fried chicken, Vegetables--dried black-eyed peas w/ham hocks, okra—fried or stewed w/tomatoes, greens (turnip, collards, mustard) cornbread, fritters Dessert—Pies--(sweet potato, pecan) Cobblers (blackberry, peach) -Drinks Gallons of ice-cold, super-sweet Luzianne tea Home-made, tart lemonade Coke—any soft drink -Honor/Chivalry Keep word Family impt.—clannish Gentlemen and ladies -Courteous Actions Help strangers—flat tire (3 times), give directions Standing in line—let others go ahead, chat Help neighbors—check-up, visit, bring food -Politeness/Manners Please and thank you Ma’am and sir Ask permission—not tell Hold door open 1. Reason, Example, Fact, or Incident 1. Reason, Example, Fact, or Incident History Food 1. Reason, Example, Fact, or Incident Southern Hospitality

Transition words and expressions help connect ideas within and between paragraphs. They do this by showing relationships , such as addition or contrast or result Teacher : Your paper doesn’t show a smooth flow of thoughts. You need to add transitions between ideas and paragraphs. Student : I have no idea what a transition is. What are some words that I can use to make my paper flow?

I prefer to live in the South. -Architecture Swan House—1928—Italian/Greek pillars, formal ballrooms, sweeping staircases Tullie Smith Farm--blacksmith shop, smokehouse, log cabin, open-hearth kitchen -Museums Morris Museum of Art—Southern art—2,500 paintings, traveling exhibits, workshops Atlanta History Center--exhibits, archives, gardens -Battlefields Manassas—first battle Kennesaw Mountain— defend Atlanta -Breakfast Eggs—scrambled Meat—handmade pork sausage, hickory-smoked bacon, country-cured ham Grits dripping with creamy butter Buttermilk biscuits Red-eye gravy or molasses -Lunch/Dinner crispy fried chicken, vegetables--dried black-eyed peas w/ham hocks, Okra—fried or stewed with tomatoes, greens (turnip, collards, mustard) cornbread, fritters Dessert—Pie--(sweet potato, pecan) Cobbler (blackberry, peach) -Drinks Gallons of ice-cold, super-sweet Luzianne tea Home-made, tart lemonade Coke—any soft drink -Honor/Chivalry Keep word Family impt.—clannish Gentlemen and ladies _Courteous Actions Help strangers—flat tire (3 times), give directions Standing in line—let others go ahead, chat Help neighbors—check-up, visit, bring food -Politeness/Manners Please and thank you Ma’am and sir Ask permission—not tell Hold door open History Food Southern Hospitality In other words, Next, In addition To illustrate Such as Furthermore For example, Also To clarify Connect Paragraphs Connect ideas within paragraphs Transition Word: Not only but also, Next Transition Word: First, One reason Transition Word: Third, Most of all Transition Word: In summary, Finally

Variety is the spice of life… Word Choice

Alternative words Prefer Nothing better Crazy about Enjoy Partial to Desire Rather Hospitality Behavior Warmth Kindness Generosity Friendliness Etiquette Courtesy Food Meal Repast Cuisine Menu Dishes History Traditions Culture Shared past Lifestyle Way of life Practices Thesis statement: I prefer to live in the South. Use the Thesaurus Microsoft Word Shift F7 or Tools—Language—Thesaurus

Thesis statement: I prefer to live in the South. 1 st paragraph: First, Southern cooking will always keep me living below the Mason-Dixon Line. 2 nd paragraph: Next , I am physically and mentally tied to the South’s history and traditions. 3 rd paragraph: Most of all , I relish the feeling of welcome and familiarity central to living in the South.

Topic Sentences First , Southern cooking will always keep me living below the Mason-Dixon Line. Next , I am physically and mentally tied to the South’s history and traditions. Most of all , I relish the feeling of welcome and familiarity central to living in the South. I prefer to live in the South. -Architecture Swan House—1928—Italian/Greek pillars, formal ballrooms, sweeping staircases Tullie Smith Farm--blacksmith shop, smokehouse, log cabin, open-hearth kitchen -Museums Morris Museum of Art—Southern art—2,500 paintings, traveling exhibits, workshops Atlanta History Center--exhibits, archives, gardens -Battlefields Manassas—first battle Kennesaw Mountain— defend Atlanta -Breakfast Eggs—scrambled Meat—handmade pork sausage, hickory-smoked bacon, country-cured ham Grits dripping with creamy butter Buttermilk biscuits Red-eye gravy or molasses -Lunch/Dinner crispy fried chicken, vegetables--dried black-eyed peas w/ham hocks, Okra—fried or stewed with tomatoes, greens (turnip, collards, mustard) cornbread, fritters Dessert—Pie--(sweet potato, pecan) Cobbler (blackberry, peach) -Drinks Gallons of ice-cold, super-sweet Luzianne tea Home-made, tart lemonade Coke—any soft drink -Honor/Chivalry Keep word Family impt.—clannish Gentlemen and ladies _Courteous Actions Help strangers—flat tire (3 times), give directions Standing in line—let others go ahead, chat Help neighbors—check-up, visit, bring food -Politeness/Manners Please and thank you Ma’am and sir Ask permission—not tell Hold door open History Food Southern Hospitality In other words, Next, In addition To illustrate Such as Furthermore For example, Also To clarify Connect Paragraphs Connect ideas within paragraphs Transition Word: Not only but also, Next Transition Word: First, One reason Transition Word: Third, Most of all

Basic Paragraph Topic Sentence Transition + 1 st Supporting Detail Transition + Example, Incident, Statistic Transition + 2 nd Supporting Detail Transition + Example, Incident, Statistic Transition + 3 rd Supporting Detail Transition + Example, Incident, Statistic Transition + Clincher Sentence

Sample Paragraph First, Southern cooking will always keep me living below the Mason-Dixon Line. One of my favorite Southern meals is breakfast. For example , last weekend I awoke to the scent of lightly scrambled eggs, grits dripping with creamy butter, and buttermilk biscuits wafting upstairs into my bedroom. My husband was busy frying ham to make red-eye gravy for the biscuits. I couldn’t wait to sink my teeth into these treats. Next, our typical Sunday dinner is built around simple, satisfying meats, straight-from-the-garden vegetables, and ripe, fresh fruit. For instance , my mom always has crispy fried chicken waiting for us. In addition , we may enjoy fresh turnip or collard greens, fried okra, or fried green tomatoes. We always end with a peach or apple cobbler. Finally, in the hot dry days of a Southern summer, I can relish several uniquely Southern beverages. First, for us Southerners, iced tea is an institution, almost a sacrament at church picnics. I fondly remember the "tea jug" of Luzianne tea, which was always in the refrigerator and often on summer days was drained and refilled more than once. Next to iced tea, I savor a cool glass of tart home-made lemonade on a hot day. There’s just something about the combination of sugar and sour that quenches my thirst. Furthermore, the South was the birthplace of several soft drink companies including Coca Cola, Pepsi, RC Cola, and Dr. Pepper. An RC and a MoonPie is the perfect snack on a lazy day. Altogether, I can not imagine not being able to gobble and guzzle Southern foods anytime I want.

For More Info. Visit the Mack Gipson, Jr. Tutorial and Enrichment Center Gipson Building (across the fence from Haygood-Holsey) 821-8345

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4 Square South

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